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1. After I had had lunch at a village pub, I looked for my bag. I had left it on a chair ...! 一、look for寻找，指找的“过程”； 【比较】find找到(结果),(偶然)发现, 不用进行时态)；find out指经过探寻、调查后“发现,查明,弄清楚”。 【拓展】find + 宾语 + 宾补(现在/过去分词，形容词，名词，介词短语等)； 【注】宾补一般不能用不定式，但能用to be，且常省略。 ①I (找)my pen everywhere and finally (找到) it on the floor. ②Put your hand up when you (找到) the answer. 当你找到答案时请举手。 ③I found my wallet (lie) under the sofa. 我发现我的钱包躺在沙发。 ④I found him (work) in the garden. ⑤We found her (be) dishonest. ⑥You should (找到) the answer for yourself. 你应该自己找出答案来。 ⑦When he woke up, he found himself in hospital. 当他醒来时，发现自己躺在医院里。 = When he woke up, he found (that) in hospital. 二、leave---left---left 1) v.留下；忘带; 落在......。如：May I leave my schoolbag here? ①( )I my textbook at home. May I use yours? A. forget B. forgot C. leave D. left 2) v. 听任…，使…处于某种状态【leave+宾语+宾补(V-ing;形容词；介词短语等)】 ②Don’t leave the door (close). 别把门关着。 ③They walked off and left me (sit) there all by myself. 3) vt.离开[离开某地不必接from，前往某地则需接for。] ④( )On weekdays, what time do you leave home? 平时上班你什么时候离开家？ A. from B. to C. at D. × ⑤( )Leo left England China to have a tour. Leo离开英国到中国旅游。 A. for B. from C. to D. into 三、beside在……旁边。 【比较】besides 除…...外(还有)，又(= )。【主要用于肯定句】 【拓展】except除......外(不再有)。【主要用于否定句和疑问句】 ⑥ Come and sit (beside; besides) me. 过来坐到我旁边。 ⑦ (Beside; Besides) this photograph, I have a number of others. ⑧No one can do it (除......外) him. 除了他没人能做这件事。 ⑨Did they do anything (除......外) hitting you? 除了打你，他们还有没有别的举动？ 2. In a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me. “I’m very sorry,”he said.“My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this!” 一、含give的常用词组 1) give sth back 返还：give it back to me = it to me 2) give away 赠送；送掉。分发/发出= ； 3) ①give in (= surrender) 投降；屈服；让步。②give in (= ) 上交; 呈上。 4) give up 放弃; 5) give oneself up (surrender) 投降 【辨析】give up和give in：两者都有“放弃；让步”的意思，如： He gave up / in at last. 他终于投降了。 不同点：give up指“放弃”；可做及物动词，后接(动)名词。 give in指“屈服”，只能做不及物动词，不能带宾语。如：她将放弃这次旅游。 ①She will give in this journey. ( ) ②She will give up this journey. ( ) 即时练：在下列句子中填上合适的副词(away; back; in; out; up )，使句子合理通顺。 ①She would rather die than give . 她宁死不屈。 ②Give your exercise books to me. 把练习册交给我。 ③You’ve given a good chance to the match.你已失去了一次比赛得胜的机会。 ④Please give my pen . I need it now. ⑤She often helps the teacher to give papers.她经常帮老师分发试卷。 ⑥He has given smoking. 他已经戒烟了。 ⑦Three of our officers gave themselves to the enemy. 我们的三位军官向敌人投降了。 二、take带走(把某人/物带到某地); bring带来(为某人带去某物); fetch (= get) “去拿(某物)来”。 ①( ) the full box away and me an empty one. 拿走只满的盒子，拿一只空的来给我。 A. take; take B. take; bring C. bring; fetch D. fetch; bring ②He always (brings; takes; fetches) his son to the park on Sundays. ƒGo to the office to (bring; take; fetch) me some paper. 关键句型Key Structures：have的用法 一、作助动词，构成“现在完成时: ”、 “过去完成时: ”、 “现在完成进行时: ”、 “过去完成进行时: ” ① (Do; Have; Did; Had) you had lunch yet? 你吃过午饭了么？ ②We (have; has; had; are) known each other for a long time.我们已经认识很久了。 ③After he (have; has; had; is) finished work he went home他完成工作后回家了。 ④We (have; has; had ) been waiting for an hour when he showed up(出现). 二、have拥有(相当于own，possess)，口语中多用have got。 He owns/has/possesses a house. →He a house.他有一栋房子。 Does she own / possess a lot of money? → she a lot of money? 他有很多钱么？ have(has)和 have got(has got)在疑问句和否定句方面的区别
①I haven’t got a bike. ( ) ②I don’t have got a bike. ( ) ③Have you a bike? ( ) ④Have you got a bike? ( ) ⑤Do you have a bike? ( ) ⑥Do you have got a bike? ( ) 注意：在下列情况下不能用have got来代替have。 1. 在情态动词，助动词或动词不定式之后,只能用have,不用have got。 ①May I (have; have got) some more tea? 我可以再喝点茶吗？ ②Would you like to (have; have got) another apple? 你想再吃一个苹果吗？ 2. 在过去时，完成时或进行时中，用have, 而不用 have got。如： ①Tom said Li Hong (有) a problem.李红有一个问题。 ②I have (有) the bike for three years. 我买这辆自行车已经3年了。 3. 固定短语中不用have got。 (have; have got) a rest / a swim / a drink ； (have; have got) a party； (have; have got) lunch； (have; have got) a meeting。 三、have替换其他动词 have a bath= a bath洗澡; have some biscuits = some biscuits 吃饼干 have a good time = 玩得开心; have a letter = a letter 收到一封信 四、有关have的常见含义 1)吃：have lunch吃午饭 2)喝、吸：have a cup of coffee喝一杯咖啡 3)患(得)病：have a fever发烧；have a headache头疼 4)有(家人，朋友)：Do you have any brothers or sisters?你有兄弟姐妹么？ 5)拥有(想法)，持有：What opinion do you have?你有什么看法？ 6)不得不做某事(have to do sth)：I have to (finish) this paper. 我不得不完成这份文件。 7)让某人做某事(have sb do sth): I’ll have him (bring) some water. 我让他打点水来。 8)让某事被做(have sth done): He had his bike (repair). 他请人修好了单车。 【比较】：He had someone (repair) his bike. ( )I’m going to______ my dress dry-cleaned.我要把我的裙子拿去干洗 A. have B. make C. send D. take 补充内容：as, when, while的用法区别详解 1. 若主句表示的是一个短暂性的动作，而从句表示的是一个持续性动作时，三者都可用。如： He fell asleep when (while, as) he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 I met him when (while, as) I was taking a walk in the park. 我在公园散步时遇到了他。 【注】：as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在……期间”时，其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作和发展意味的动词，一般不能用状态动词 (如: be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等)，所以，下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as： A：I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。 B：While you are there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时，能帮我买几张邮票吗? 2. 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间，通常要用 while。如： Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。 I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候，我默不作声。 但若主、从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意思，通常要用 as。如： She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。 3. 若从句是一个短暂性动作，而主句是一个持续性动作，可以用 as 或 when 但不用 while。如： When (As) he came in, I was listening to the radio. 他进来时，我在听收音机。 It was raining hard when (as) we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。 4. 若主、从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作，一般要用 as (也可用 when)。如： I thought of it just when (as) you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候，我也想到了。 5. 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况，相当于汉语的“随着”，一般用 as。如： Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移,情况越来越好。 As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚，天气越冷。 6. 表示“每当……的时候”(暗示一种规律性)，一般要用 when。如： It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。 He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。 7. 若主、从句所表示的动作不是同时发生，而是动作有先后顺序时，一般要用 when。如： I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时，我就回家去。 I’ll discuss this with you when we meet next time. 我们下次见面时，我要同你讨论这问题。 8. when 可用作并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”；while 也可以用作并列连词，表示“而”、“却”(表示对比)；但 as 则没有类似用法。如： We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要出发，这时天开始下雨了。 He likes coffee, while she likes tea. 他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。 9. as 和 when 之后均可直接跟一个名词，构成省略句； 但是 while 一般不这样用。如： When (As) a boy, he lived in Japan. 他小时候在日本。 When (As) still a student, he wrote a novel. 当他还是个学生的时候，他就写了一本小说。 10. when 和 while 之后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句，但 as 不能这样用。如： When (While) reading, he fell asleep. 他看书时睡着了。 You must study hard while (you are) young, or you will regret when (you are) old. 你趁年轻时必须努力学习，不然到老了你会后悔的。 |
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