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Why your brain's so bad at letting go of negative comments 为什么负面评价总在你的脑中挥之不去 I'm guessing you've had a similar experience,where you noticed that even one negative comment about you or your performance can outweigh a huge volume of positive feedback.There are several reasons why these sorts of comments have such an outsized impact on your psyche. 我猜你也有过相同的经历:你发现，即使是一个对你或者你行为的负面评价，对你的影响都可以超过一大堆的正面反馈。有几个原因解释了为什么这类(负面)评价对你的心态有如此大的影响。 Negative comments engage avoidance motivation.When you're motivated to avoid something bad,then an important strategy is to be vigilant for more bad things in the environment to make sure that you're aware of problems as soon as they happen. 负面评价引起了回避动机。当你受到刺激要回避某些不好的事情时，那么一个重要的策略便是，警惕环境中更多的坏事情，以确保一旦出现问题你就能注意到它们。 This may have been an adaptive strategy when there were people or animals out there trying to hunt you in some evolutionary environment.However, it's a less effective strategy in today's world, when the negative thing is not a bear but a nasty tweet. 在生物不断进化的环境里，当野外潜藏着试图伤害你的人或者兽类时，这或许是一种适应策略。然而，在现在的世界中，当负面的东西不是-只熊而是一条恶意的推特时，这个策略就不太有效了。 In addition, your motivation to get things done requires both that you be engaged with a goal and also that you believe that you can accomplish what you set out to do. Negative comments provide evidence that you cannot succeed at your goals,which can be demotivating. 此外，你完成事情的积极性既需要你对目标全神贯注，还需要你相信自己能完成你着手做的事情。负面评价“证明”了你不能实现自己的目标，这可能让人失去动力。 There is evidence that people need to experience positive feelings about three times more often than negative feelings in order to maintain positive moods. That means you need to find a way to stop focusing on other people's negative comments about you. 有证据指出，人们需要经历比消极感受多出大概3倍的积极感受才能维持积极心态。这意味着，你需要想办法停止关注他人对你的负面评价。 |
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