HER2基因是人表皮生长因子受体2(Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)是原癌基因,属于ERB家族中的一员。HER2与其他ERBB家族成员结合形成同源或异源二聚体,与ATP结合激活酪氨酸激酶活性,为多种下游分子提供停泊位点,从而激活下游信号通路,导致细胞发生增殖、迁移。 肺癌、乳腺癌等癌症中都发现了HER2基因异常突变的现象。而且HER2与EGFR相似,发生20外显子突变时往往表现为对TKI小分子药物的原发耐药。因此,HER2基因突变检测对选择行之有效的靶向药物具有重要意义。 HER2基因突变是肺癌的致癌驱动因素,主要见于女性、不吸烟及肺腺癌患者,通常不与其它驱动基因变异(EGFR/ALK)同时出现。HER2突变在NSCLC中以酪氨酸激酶域的18-21外显子多见,发生率约为2%-4%。而在EGFR/ALK/ROS1均阴性的NSCLC中,突变率高达6.7%。 肺癌中HER2基因突变(Doi:10.1038/nature25475) 肺癌中HER2基因主要突变位点:
1、HER2突变可能对阿法替尼(Afatinib)敏感 2、E20 p.A775_G776insYVMA突变对吡咯替尼(Pyrotinib)敏感 3、E20 插入突变通常对TKI耐药(E762-Y764插入突变除外) 4、E20 插入突变对波奇替尼(Poziotinib , HM781-36B)可能敏感
1、E19 p.L755S 突变导致拉帕替尼(Lapatinib)耐药 2、E20 p.P780-Y781;p.T798M 突变导致拉帕替尼(Lapatinib)耐药 1.送检样本类型:新鲜组织、蜡块、防脱白片。 2.检测流程: →患者咨询医生,选择检测项目(HER2基因突变) →收集检测样本(组织/蜡块/白片) →填写申请单并缴费 →样本快递到上海阿克曼医学检验所 →样本质控、检测 →专家判读 →3-5个工作日出具检测报告 (如有任何检测相关问题,可以在公众号留言或者电话联系) [1] Baselga J, Swain SM. Novel anticancer targets:revisiting ERBB2 and discovering ERBB3. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009;9(7):463-475. [2] David MH, Sarina AP. HER kinase inhibition inpatients with HER2- and HER3-mutant cancers.Nature .2019; 566: E11–E12. [3] Wang Y, Jiang T. HER2 Exon 20 Insertions inNon-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Are Sensitive to the Irreversible pan-HER ReceptorTyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Pyrotinib.Ann Oncol. 2019;30(3):447-455. [4] Yuan B, Zhao J.Co-Occurring Alterations of ERBB2 Exon 20 Insertionin Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and the Potential Indicator of Responseto Afatinib.Front Oncol. 2020;10:729. [5] Mazières J, et al. Lung cancer patients withHER2 mutations treated with chemotherapy and HER2 targeted drugs: results fromthe EUHER2 cohort study. Ann Oncol. 2016;27:281–286. [6] Hyman DM, et al. HER kinase inhibition inpatients with HER2- and HER3-mutant cancers. Nature. 2018;554:189–194. [7] Hynes NE, Lane HA. ERBB receptors and cancer:the complexity of targeted inhibitors. Nat Rev Cancer. 2005;5(5):341-354. [8] Lee JW, Soung YH, Seo SH, et al. Somaticmutations of ERBB2 kinase domain in gastric, colorectal, and breast carcinomas.Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12(1):57-61. [9] Park YH, Shin HT, Jung HH, et al. Role of HER2mutations in refractory metastatic breast cancers: targeted sequencing resultsin patients with refractory breast cancer. Oncotarget. 2015;6(31):32027-32038. [10] Meng X, Li Y, Tang H, et al. Drug response toHER2 gatekeeper T798M mutation in HER2-positive breast cancer. Amino Acids.2016;48(2):487-497. |
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