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考研英语系列 20170922 一、碎片化单词学习 literally [ˈlɪtərəli] ★★☆☆☆ 释 ad. used to emphasize that sth., especially a large number, is actually true 确实地，真正地；照字面地 例 The Olympic Games were watched by literally billions of people. 真的有几十亿的观众观看了奥运会。|| With much practice people can learn to,literally,do it in their sleep. [2005 阅读 Text 3]通过多次练习，人们的确可以学会在梦中这样做。 criticism [ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm] ★★★★★ 释 n. the work or activity of making fair, careful judgments about the good and bad qualities of sb. or sth., especially books, music, etc. 评论文章，评论；指责，批评 例 His partial attitude called forth a lot of criticism . 他的偏袒态度招致了不少批评。|| It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big city newspapers. [2010 阅读 Text 1] 对于年龄低于 40 岁的普通读者来讲，他们难以想象一个可以在许多大城市报纸上读到精品的文艺评论的时代。 同 comment ( n.评论；闲话) || critique ( n.评论；批评) vacuum [ˈvækjuəm] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 n.a space that is completely empty of all gas, especially one from which all the air has been taken away 真空；真空吸尘器 v. 用真空吸尘器清扫 记 词根记忆：vac(=empty，空)+uum→真空 例 His presence should fill the power vacuum which has been developing over the past few days. 他的出现将填补过去这几天形成的权力真空。|| Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum " but "in the real world" and that Europe could yet develop different rules. [2010 阅读 Text 4] 欧洲委员会委员查理·迈克里维警告 IASB，称其不是“处在政治真空中”而是“在现实世界里”，并表示欧洲可能最终会制定出不同的规则。 acceptance [əkˈseptəns] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 n. when people agree that an idea, statement, explanation, etc. is right or true 接受，承认；验收 例 The proposal found general acceptance . 这项建议被普遍接受。|| In the White House,there's probably a level of exhaustion and Zen-like acceptance —it pushed through a large stimulus package and monumental health care reform, two heroic measures that are working and whose benefits will continue to phase in over time. 白宫当局可能已经疲惫不堪，并禅意般地接受事实了——政府完成了庞大的经济刺激方案和重要的医疗改革。这两项宏伟的举措正在发挥作用， 其好处也会随着时间的推移逐步显现出来。 interpret [ɪnˈtɜːrprɪt] ★★★★☆ 释 vt. to explain the meaning of sth. 解释；口译[2012 英语(二)阅读干扰选项] 记 词根记忆：inter(=between，在…之间；在中间)+pret→在两种语言之间沟通→口译 例 For every feature, you can interpret it in a positive and a negative manner. 对于每一个特点，你都能用积极和消极两种态度来解释它。 派 interpretation ( n.解释；口译) || interpreter ( n.口译者；解释者) 同 explain ( v.说明；解释) || translate ( v.翻译) 二、考研英语每日一句长难句 昨天留的家庭作业: The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought，which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be． 【核心词汇】 assume [əˈsjuːm] v． 假定，采取；在句中的意思是“认为” diverse [daɪˈvɜːs] a． 多样的，差异的 take root 扎根 【考点透析】宾语从句、非限定性定语从句 【结构导图】 （The Greeks）（主语） assumed （谓语）∥that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought，（宾语从句）∥which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be．（非限定性定语从句） 【具体分析】 本句包含一个 which 引导的非限定性定语从句，主句的主语为 The Greeks，谓语是 assumed，that 引导一个宾语从句，而 which 所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰这个宾语从句。在 which 从句中，how diverse language could be（语言可以是多么多样化）是 realized的宾语从句。 【技巧点拨】 本句中 which指代前面的句子，应译为“这一观点”，some在此处应译为“某种”，而不是“一些”。 【参考译文】 希腊人认为，语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别之前早就已在欧洲扎下了根。 今天的家庭作业: Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise．” |
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