 Coffee Drinkers Are More Likely To Live Longer. Decaf May Do The Trick, Too 喝咖啡的人可能更长寿。无咖啡因咖啡也能起到作用 Coffee is far from a vice. 喝咖啡远不是什么恶习 There's now lots of evidence pointing to its health benefits, including a possible longevity boost for those of us with a daily coffee habit. 现在有很多证据表明咖啡对人类健康有益，其中包括对我们这种每天都喝咖啡的人来说可能会更长寿。 vice [vaɪs] n.恶习;不道德行为;（肉体的）缺陷，疾病;（文体等的）缺点，瑕疵 The latest findings come from a study published Monday in JAMA Internal Medicine that included about a half-million people in England, Scotland and Wales. Participants ranged in age from 38 to 73. 最新的发现来自于周一发表在JAMA内科杂志上的一篇研究文章，它涉及到英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士的大约五十万人的调查范围，参加者的年龄从38无到73岁。 "We found that people who drank two to three cups per day had about a 12 percent lower risk of death compared to non-coffee drinkers" during the decade-long study, says Erikka Loftfield, a research fellow at the National Cancer Institute. 来自于国家癌症研究院的研究员Erikka Loftfield说，在长达十年的研究中“我们发现每天喝两到三杯咖啡的人比不喝咖啡的人的死亡风险低12%”。 This was true among all coffee drinkers — even those who were determined to be slow metabolizers of caffeine. (These are people who tend to be more sensitive to the effects of caffeine.) And the association held up among drinkers of decaffeinated coffee, too. 这对于所有喝咖啡的人都是一样的，即使你是一个咖啡因代谢缓慢的人。这些人往往对咖啡因的效果更加敏感。而且这条同样适用于喝无咖啡因咖啡的人。 In the U.S., there are similar findings linking higher consumption of coffee to a lower risk of early death in African-Americans, Japanese-Americans, Latinos and white adults, both men and women. A daily coffee habit is also linked to a decreased risk of stroke and Type 2 diabetes. 在美国的非洲裔美国人、日裔美国人，拉美人和成年白人之中，不论男女，也有类似的发现。每天喝咖啡能降低中风和2型糖尿病的风险。 What is it about coffee that may be protective? It's not likely to be the caffeine. While studies don't prove that coffee extends life, several studies have suggested a longevity boost among drinkers of decaf as well as regular coffee. 那咖啡提供了什么样的保护呢？应该不是咖啡因。尽管研究没有找到咖啡因能延长寿命的证据，一些研究已经暗示了无论是普通咖啡还是无咖啡因咖啡，都能延长寿命。 So, researchers have turned their attention to the bean. 因此，研究人员把目光转向了咖啡豆。 "The coffee bean itself is loaded with many different nutrients and phyto-chemicals," nutrition researcher Walter Willett of the Harvard School of Public Health told us in 2015. These compounds include lignans, quinides and magnesium, some of which may help reduce insulin resistance and inflammation. "My guess is that they're working together to have some of these benefits," Willett said. (He's the author of a study that points to a 15 percent lower risk of early death among men and women who drink coffee, compared with those who do not consume it.) 哈佛大学公共卫生学院的营养学研究员Walter Willett在2015年告诉我们说：“咖啡豆本身含有多种不同的营养素和植物化学成分，”这些混合物包括木脂素、奎尼丁和镁，其中一些成分可以帮助降低抗胰岛素性和炎症。Willett说：“我猜想他们合在一起就产生了这些好处。”（他的一项研究结果表明喝咖啡的人比不喝咖啡的人的死亡风险低15%）。 [ˈnu:triənt] n.营养物，营养品，养分，养料;滋养物 "Coffee, with its thousand chemicals, includes a number of polyphenol-like, antioxidant-rich compounds," says Christopher Gardner, who directs nutrition studies at the Stanford Prevention Research Center. He says there's so much evidence supporting the idea that coffee can be a healthy part of your diet, it's now included in the U.S. Dietary Guidelines. In 2015, the experts behind the guidelines concluded that a daily coffee habit may help protect against Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 斯坦福大学预防研究中心的营养研究负责人Christopher Gardner说：“咖啡中含有数千种化学物质，含有多种多酚类、富含抗氧化剂的混合物。”他说有很多的证据支持咖啡是对健康有益的观点，这已经被录入了美国饮食指南。2015年，为指南工作的专家就得出结论说，每天喝咖啡，能够帮助预防2型糖尿病和心血管疾病。 Gardner says part of the benefit of coffee may be linked to something profoundly simple: It brings people joy. Gardner说咖啡带给人们的好处还有一点：它带给人们快乐。 "Think about when you're drinking coffee — aren't you stopping and relaxing a little bit?" Gardner asks. Gardner说：“想想你喝咖啡的时候，是不是你会停下来、放松一会儿？” He says it's such a simple pleasure. "I just love holding that hot beverage in my hand. It's the morning ritual," he says. He drinks at least three cups a day. 他说这真是一种简单的快乐。“我就是喜欢手里拿着那杯热咖啡，这都成了一早起来仪式的一部分。”他说，他每天至少喝三杯咖啡。 So, how did coffee achieve such an image makeover? It wasn't too long ago that coffee was considered a vice. 那么，咖啡是如何完成这一形象改变的呢？不久以前，常喝咖啡还被认为是一种恶习呢。 Gardner says the bad rap goes back to a time when people who drank coffee were also very likely to smoke cigarettes. Gardner说这种负面的评论可以追溯到从前喝咖啡的人还同时吸烟的年代。 So, when earlier epidemiological studies suggested that coffee consumption was associated with health risks, researchers were thrown off. It wasn't until they separated these two habit apart that a completely different picture emerged. 因此，当早期的流行病研究显示喝咖啡会影响健康时，研究者就被搞懵了。直到他们把两种习惯分开以后，画风才发生了完全的转变。 "Smoking was the cause of the association," Gardner says. "Ever since they disentangled smoking, coffee wasn't just null, it was [shown to be] beneficial." Gardner说：“与吸烟的关联导致了人们对喝咖啡的坏印象。自从他们把烟和咖啡分别对待后，咖啡就不仅没有害处，反而被证明是有益健康了。” disentangle [ˌdɪsɛnˈtæŋɡəl] vt.解开…的结; 理顺;使解脱; 使脱出 👇 |
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