 Alan Turing, a crack code-breaker and visionary mathematician who was convicted under Victorian-era homophobic laws, will be the face of Britain's new £50 note. 艾伦·图灵将成为英国新版50英镑纸币的头像,图灵是一名密码破解高手，也是一位富有远见的数学家，在维多利亚时代的恐同法下被判有罪。  Bank of England Governor Mark Carney announced Monday that Turing, who killed himself in 1954 after he was subjected to chemical castration, will appear on the new polymer note by the end of 2021. 英国央行行长马克·卡尼周一宣布，图灵将于2021年底出现在新版聚合物钞票上,1954年，图灵被判化学阉割后自杀。 In a statement, Carney lauded the Englishman as an "outstanding mathematician" and "a giant on whose shoulders so many now stand." 卡尼在一份声明中称赞这位英国人是“杰出的数学家”，是“一个现在很多人都站在他肩膀上的巨人”。  "As the father of computer science and artificial intelligence, as well as war hero, Alan Turing's contributions were far ranging and path breaking," the central banker said. 这位央行行长表示:“作为计算机科学和人工智能之父，以及战争英雄，艾伦·图灵的贡献非常广泛，具有开创性。 Turing is best known for his work at Bletchley Park, where UK cryptologists sought to decipher messages sent by the Nazis. 图灵最著名的工作是在布莱切利公园时，英国密码学家试图破译纳粹分子发送的信息。 His efforts to crack Germany's Enigma code remained a secret for decades but are now credited with saving thousands of lives and hastening the end of World War II. 几十年来，他破解德国恩尼格玛密码的努力一直是一个秘密，但如今，他拯救了成千上万人的生命，并加速了二战的结束。 Turing was played by Benedict Cumberbatch in "The Imitation Game," a 2014 film on the subject. 图灵在2014年的电影《模仿游戏》中由本尼迪克特·康伯巴奇饰演。  The pioneering scientist also played a pivotal role in developing computers, and early thinking about artificial intelligence. 这位开创性的科学家在开发计算机和早期思考人工智能方面也发挥了关键作用。 In 1937, he published a paper introducing an idea that came to be known as the Turing machine, which is considered to have formed the basis of modern computing. 1937年，他发表了一篇论文，介绍了一个后来被称为图灵机器的想法，这个想法被认为是现代计算的基础。 This was a hypothetical device that could come up with a solution to any problem that is computable. 这是一种假想的装置，它可以解决任何可计算的问题。 The note's design reflects Turing's work. 新版钞票的设计反映了图灵的工作。 It features a ticker tape of binary code that spells out his birthday (June 23, 1912), and depicts the "British Bombe" machine that helped break the Enigma code. 这幅画的特点是一卷二进制代码的自动收录带，上面写着他的生日(1912年6月23日)，并描绘了帮助破解恩尼格玛密码的“英国炸弹机”。  It also includes a quote Turing gave to The Times newspaper in 1949: "This is only a foretaste of what is to come, and only the shadow of what is going to be." 书中还引用了1949年图灵在《泰晤士报》上的一句话:“这只是对未来的预测，只是未来的一个影子。” Supporters have long campaigned for Turing to receive greater recognition for his work and official acknowledgment that his conviction for homosexual activity was wrong. 支持者们一直在为图灵的工作争取更多的认可，并正式承认对他同性恋行为的定罪是错误的。 Two years after choosing castration to avoid a custodial sentence, he ended his life at the age of 41 by eating an apple laced with cyanide. 在选择阉割以避免监禁两年后，他在41岁时吃了一个含有氰化物的苹果结束了自己的生命。 Sex between men over the age of 21 was decriminalized in England and Wales in 1967. 到了1967年，英格兰和威尔士才将21岁以上男性之间的性行为合法化。 However the law was not changed in Scotland until 1980 and in Northern Ireland until 1982. 然而，苏格兰直到1980年和北爱尔兰直到1982年才修改法律。 British Prime Minister Gordon Brown apologized for Turing's treatment by the justice system in the 1950s after thousands of people signed a petition in 2009. 英国首相戈登·布朗为图灵在20世纪50年代受到的司法系统的对待道歉，此前有数千人在2009年签署了一份请愿书。 He received a royal pardon in 2014. 他于2014年收到了皇家赦免令。 Turing was chosen to grace the £50 note from a list of candidates including theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking and mathematician Ada Lovelace. 图灵从包括理论物理学家史蒂芬·霍金和数学家艾达·拉夫莱斯在内的众多候选人中脱颖而出，为这张50英镑纸币增添了不少亮点。  问题
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