【原】【精益英文】OEE设备综合效率的计算方法

亮元职场英文 2022-01-18

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说明：

SIMPLE CALCULATION

简洁计算方式

The simplest way to calculate OEE is as the ratio of Fully Productive Time to Planned Production Time. Fully Productive Time is just another way of saying manufacturing only Good Parts as fast as possible (Ideal Cycle Time) with no Stop Time. Hence the calculation is:

计算OEE的最简单的方法是净生产时间占计划生产时间的比率。换种说法，净生产时间就是说尽可能生产合格的零件，且没有停顿时间，因此，OEE是这么计算的：

OEE = (Good Count × Ideal Cycle Time) / Planned Production Time

OEE=（良品数*理想周期时间）/计划生产时间

Although this is an entirely valid calculation of OEE, it does not provide information about the three loss-related factors: Availability, Performance, and Quality. For that – we use the preferred calculation.

尽管这种计算方式完全有效，但它并不能提供关于损失相关的三大要素的信息：有效率、表现性和质量指数。因此，我们使用理想的计算方式。

PREFERRED CALCULATION

理想的计算方式

The preferred OEE calculation is based on the three OEE Factors: Availability, Performance, and Quality.

理想的OEE计算方式是基于OEE的三大要素：有效率、表现性和质量指数。

OEE is calculated by multiplying the three OEE factors: Availability, Performance, and Quality.

OEE则由其三大要素进行相乘：有效率、表现性和质量指数。

Availability

有效性

Availability takes into account all events that stop planned production long enough where it makes sense to track a reason for being down (typically several minutes).

有效性会考虑到所有使得计划生产得以停下的足够长时间的事件，去跟踪到停顿也是合情合理的（尤其是几分钟时间）。

Availability is calculated as the ratio of Run Time to Planned Production Time:

有效性，即运作时间/计划生产时间

Availability = Run Time / Planned Production Time

有效性=运作时间/计划生产时间

Run Time is simply Planned Production Time less Stop Time, where Stop Time is defined as all time where the manufacturing process was intended to be running but was not due to Unplanned Stops (e.g., Breakdowns) or Planned Stops (e.g., Changeovers).

运作时间，简言之，即是：拥有较少停机时间的计划生产时间。停机时间，则被定义为原本生产过程要运作的，却因为计划停机（例如，设备故障），或者计划停机时间（比如，换型）而无法运作的所有时间。

Run Time = Planned Production Time − Stop Time

运作时间=计划生产时间-停机时间

Performance

表现性

Performance takes into account anything that causes the manufacturing process to run at less than the maximum possible speed when it is running (including both Slow Cycles and Small Stops).

表现性，则将制造过程中，造成低于最大的可能速度运行的因素考虑在内（包括速度损失与小停机）。

Performance is the ratio of Net Run Time to Run Time. It is calculated as:

表现性，是净生产时间与运作时间的比例，计算方式如下：

Performance = (Ideal Cycle Time × Total Count) / Run Time

表现性=（理想的周期时间*总产量）/运作时间

Ideal Cycle Time is the fastest cycle time that your process can achieve in optimal circumstances. Therefore, when it is multiplied by Total Count the result is Net Run Time (the fastest possible time to manufacture the parts).

理想的周期时间，是理想状态下，工艺所能达到的最快周期时间，因此，当它乘以总产量时，结果就是净生产时间（制造零件的最快时间）。

Since rate is the reciprocal of time, Performance can also be calculated as:

鉴于该比率是时间的倒数，因而，表现性也可以按照以下方式计算：

Performance = (Total Count / Run Time) / Ideal Run Rate

表现性=（总产量/运作时间）/理想生产比例

Performance should never be greater than 100%. If it is, that usually indicates that Ideal Cycle Time is set incorrectly (it is too high).

表现性不应该大于100%，如果达到了100%，则表示，理想的周期时间被设置错了（设置太高）。

Quality

质量指数

Quality takes into account manufactured parts that do not meet quality standards, including parts that need rework.

质量指数，将生产出来的未满足质量标准的零件考虑在内，包括可以返工的零件。

Remember, OEE Quality is similar to First Pass Yield, in that it defines Good Parts as parts that successfully pass through the manufacturing process the first time without needing any rework.

请牢记，OEE的质量指数与产品制造一次性通过率类似，产品制造一次合格率将好的零件的定义为：一次性通过生产工艺的无需任何返工的零件。

Quality is calculated as:

质量指数计算方式如下：

Quality = Good Count / Total Count

质量指数=良品数/总产量

OEE

设备综合效率

OEE takes into account all losses, resulting in a measure of truly productive manufacturing time. It is calculated as:

OEE将所有的损失考虑在内，产生对真实有生产效率的生产时间的衡量，计算方式如下：

OEE = Availability × Performance × Quality

OEE=有效性*表现性*质量指数

If the equations for Availability, Performance, and Quality are substituted in the above and reduced to their simplest terms the result is:

如果有效性、表现性与质量指数的上述等式被换成最简单的说法，结果就是：

OEE = (Good Count × Ideal Cycle Time) / Planned Production Time

OEE=（良品数*理想周期时间）/计划生产时间

This is the “simplest” OEE calculation described earlier. And, as described earlier, multiplying Good Count by Ideal Cycle Time results in Fully Productive Time (manufacturing only Good Parts, as fast as possible, with no Stop Time).

这是文章开头我们描述的最简单的OEE的计算方法。就像此前描述，将良品数与理想周期时间两者相乘即可得出净生产时间（尽可能生产合格的零件，且没有停顿时间）。

Why the Preferred OEE Calculation?

为什么是理想的OEE计算公式？

OEE scores provide a very valuable insight – an accurate picture of how effectively your manufacturing process is running. And, it makes it easy to track improvements in that process over time.

OEE的百分比提供了很有价值的见解-真实反映生产运行的效率如何，久而久之，也使得跟踪改善变得容易

。

What your OEE score doesn’t provide is any insights as to the underlying causes of lost productivity. This is the role of Availability,Performance, and Quality.

对于潜在导致生产效率丢失的潜在原因，OEE的数值并不能提供任何直观的说明，其能反映出有效性、表现性与质量指数。

In the preferred calculation you get the best of both worlds. A single number that captures how well you are doing (OEE) and three numbers that capture the fundamental nature of your losses (Availability, Performance, and Quality).

在理想的计算方法中，你却可以做到两全其美。OEE的数值可以告诉你做的如何，而3个数值可以反映出损失的基本类型（有效性、表现性与质量指数）。

Here is an interesting example. Look at the following OEE data for two sequential weeks.

以下是一个有趣的例子，请看下面连续两周的OEE数据：

OEE is improving. Great job! Or is it? Dig a little deeper and the picture is less clear. Most companies would not want to increase Availability by 5.0% at the expense of decreasing Quality by 4.5%.

OEE正得到改善。干的不错！是吗？深入挖掘下去，画面变得不那么清晰了。很多公司不会想着以降低4.5%的质量指数的代价去提升5%的有效性。

CALCULATION EXAMPLE

计算案例

Now let’s work through a complete example using the preferred OEE calculation. Here is data recorded for the first shift:

现在让我们用理想的OEE计算方法来解决这个案例，以下是第一个班组的生产记录：

Planned Production Time

计划生产时间

As described in the OEE Factors page, the OEE calculation begins with Planned Production Time. So first, exclude any Shift Time where there is no intention of running production (typically Breaks).

如前面在OEE三大要素这一章节描述的，OEE的计算起始于计划生产时间。所以，要去除班组中任何无法运作生产的时间（尤其是停顿）。

Formula: Shift Length – Breaks

公式：班组工作时间-停顿

Example: 480 minutes − 60 minutes = 420 minutes

例子：480分钟-60分钟=420分钟

Run Time

运作时间

The next step is to calculate the amount of time that production was actually running (was not stopped).

我们需要做的是计算生产实际运作时间（没有停下来）。

Remember that Stop Time

记住停机时间

Stop Time – All time where the manufacturing process was intended to be running but was not due to Unplanned Stops (e.g. breakdowns), or Planned Stops (e.g. changeovers).

停止时间-所有原计划生产的时间，但却由于非计划的停机导致的无法生产的时间（比如，故障），或者计划停机（比如，换型）。

Stop Time is also called Down Time.

停止时间也称为停机时间。

It should include both Unplanned Stops (e.g., Breakdowns) or Planned Stops (e.g., Changeovers). Both provide opportunities for improvement.

停机时间，包括非计划停机（比如，故障）与计划停机时间（例如，换型），这两类停机都会改善提供了机会。

Formula: Planned Production Time − Stop Time

公式：计划生产时间-停机时间

Example: 420 minutes − 47 minutes = 373 minutes

例如：420分钟-47分钟=373分钟

Good Count

良品数

If you do not directly track Good Count, it also needs to be calculated.

如果你没有直接跟踪良品数，你也需要对良品数进行计算。

Formula: Total Count − Reject Count

公式：生产总数-废品数

Example: 19,271 widgets − 423 widgets = 18,848 widgets

例如：19271件产品-423废品=18848良品

Availability

有效性

Availability is the first of the three OEE factors to be calculated. It accounts for when the process is not running (both Unplanned Stops and Planned Stops).

有效性，是OEE三大要素中最先需要计算出来的要素，它考虑到了工艺何时没有运作（包括非计划停机与计划停机）。

Formula: Run Time / Planned Production Time

公式：运作时间/计划生产时间

Example: 373 minutes / 420 minutes = 0.8881 (88.81%)

例子：373分钟/420分钟=0.8881（88.1%）

Performance

表现性

Performance is the second of the three OEE factors to be calculated. It accounts for when the process is running slower than its theoretical top speed (both Small Stops and Slow Cycles).

表现性，是OEE三大要素中第二个需要计算出来的要素。它考虑了工艺运作速度鳗鱼理论最高速度（包括，小停机与周期变慢）。

Formula: (Ideal Cycle Time × Total Count) / Run Time

公式：（理想周期时间*生产总数）/运作时间

Example: (1.0 seconds × 19,271 widgets) / (373 minutes × 60 seconds) = 0.8611 (86.11%)

例子：（1秒*19271件产品）/（373分钟*60秒）=0.8661（86.11%）

Performance can also be calculated based on Ideal Run Rate. The equivalent Ideal Run Rate in our example is 60 parts per minute.

表现性也可以基于理想的运作率计算出来，在这个案例中，理想运作比例等同于每分钟60件零件。

Formula: (Total Count / Run Time) / Ideal Run Rate

公式：（生产总数/运作时间）/理想运作率

Example: (19,271 widgets / 373 minutes) / 60 parts per minute = 0.8611 (86.11%)

例子：（19271件产品/373分钟）/每分钟60件零件=0.8661（86.11%）

Quality