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下方视频可放大观看：  视频中词汇汇总：
Dorsal Surface足背面 Plantar Surface足底面 Lateral Maleolus外踝
Medial Maleolus内踝 Talus距骨
Dorsiflexion背屈 Plantarflexion跖屈 Articular Cartilage关节软骨
Collagen Fiber胶原纤维
Anterior Talofibular Ligament前距腓韧带 Calcaneofibular Ligament跟腓韧带
Posterior Talofibular Ligament后距腓韧带 Deltoid Ligament三角肌韧带 Ankle Syndesmosis踝关节（下胫腓）联合
Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament前胫腓韧带 Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament后胫腓韧带 Transverse Ligament横韧带 Interosseus Ligament骨间韧带
Achilles Tendon跟腱 Gastrocnemius Muscle腓肠肌 Soleus Muscle比目鱼肌
Posterior Tibialis Muscle胫后肌 Anterior Tibialis Muscle胫前肌 Peroneal Muscles肺骨肌 Peroneus Longus Tendon腓骨长肌 Peroneus Brevis Tendon肺骨短肌
Posterior Tibial Nerve胫后神经
Deep Peroneal Nerve腓深神经 Superficial Peroneal Nerve排浅神经 Dorsalis Pedis Artery足背动脉 Posterior Tibial Artery胫后动脉 补充文章： The ankle joint (or talocrural joint) is a synovial joint located in the lower limb. It is formed by the bones of the leg (tibia and fibula) and the foot (talus). 踝关节(或距骨关节)是位于下肢的一个滑膜关节。它由腿骨(胫骨和腓骨)和足骨(距骨)组成。 Functionally, it is a hinge type joint, permitting dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot. 在功能上，它是一个铰链式关节，允许足背屈和跖屈。 In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the ankle joint; its articulating surfaces, ligaments, movements, and clinical correlations. 在这篇文章中，我们将看看踝关节的解剖学;它的关节表面，韧带，运动和临床相关性。
Articulating Surfaces The ankle joint is formed by three bones; the tibia and fibula of the leg, and the talus of the foot: 阐明表面 踝关节由三根骨头组成;小腿的胫骨和腓骨，以及足的距骨: The tibia and fibula are bound together by strong tibiofibular ligaments. Together, they form a bracket shaped socket, covered in hyaline cartilage. This socket is known as a mortise. 胫骨和腓骨由坚固的胫腓骨韧带连接在一起。它们一起形成一个托架状的窝，上面覆盖着透明的软骨。这个插座叫做榫眼。 The body of the talus fits snugly into the mortise formed by the bones of the leg. The articulating part of the talus is wedge shaped – it is broad anteriorly, and narrow posteriorly: 距骨本体与腿骨形成的榫眼紧密吻合。距骨的接合部分呈楔形，前部宽，后部窄: Dorsiflexion – the anterior part of the talus is held in the mortise, and the joint is more stable. Plantarflexion – the posterior part of the talus is held in the mortise, and the joint is less stable. 背屈——距骨前部被固定在榫眼内，关节更稳定。 跖屈——距骨后部被榫眼固定，关节不稳定。
Ligaments There are two main sets of ligaments, which originate from each malleolus. 韧带 外踝有两组主要的韧带。 Medial Ligament The medial ligament (or deltoid ligament) is attached to the medial malleolus (a bony prominence projecting from the medial aspect of the distal tibia). 内侧韧带 内侧韧带(或三角韧带)附着于内踝(一个从胫骨远端内侧突出的骨性突出物)。 It consists of four ligaments, which fan out from the malleolus, attaching to the talus, calcaneus and navicular bones. The primary action of the medial ligament is to resist over-eversion of the foot. 它由四个韧带组成，从外踝向外呈扇形延伸，连接距骨、跟骨和舟骨。内侧韧带的主要作用是抵抗足的过度外翻。 Lateral Ligament The lateral ligament originates from the lateral malleolus (a bony prominence projecting from the lateral aspect of the distal fibula). 外侧韧带 外侧韧带起源于外踝(一个从腓骨远端侧面突出的骨突)。 It resists over-inversion of the foot, and is comprised of three distinct and separate ligaments: 它可以抵抗足部的过度内翻，由三个不同的单独的韧带组成: Anterior talofibular – spans between the lateral malleolus and lateral aspect of the talus. Posterior talofibular – spans between the lateral malleolus and the posterior aspect of the talus. Calcaneofibular – spans between the lateral malleolus and the calcaneus. 距腓骨前-横越在外踝和距骨外侧之间。 距腓骨后-横亘在外踝和距骨后部之间。 跟腓骨-横竖在外踝和跟骨之间。
Movements and Muscles Involved The ankle joint is a hinge type joint, with movement permitted in one plane. 涉及的运动和肌肉 踝关节为铰链式关节，允许在一个平面内运动。 Thus, plantarflexion and dorsiflexion are the main movements that occur at the ankle joint. Eversion and inversion are produced at the other joints of the foot, such as the subtalar joint. 因此，跖屈和背屈是发生在踝关节的主要运动。足部其他关节(如距下关节)会发生外翻和内翻。 Plantarflexion – produced by the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis). Dorsiflexion – produced by the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg (tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus). Neurovascular Supply The arterial supply to the ankle joint is derived from the malleolar branches of the anterior tibial, posterior tibial and fibular arteries. 跖屈-由腿部后腔室的肌肉(腓肠肌、比目鱼肌、跖肌和胫骨后肌)产生。 背屈-由腿部前房室的肌肉(胫骨前肌、拇长伸肌和指长伸肌)产生。 神经与血管的供应 踝关节的动脉供应来自于胫前动脉、胫后动脉和腓骨动脉的踝支。 Innervation is provided by tibial, superficial fibular and deep fibular nerves. 神经由胫神经、腓骨浅神经和腓骨深神经支配。
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