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一. 随着时代的进步和社会的发展、我国国家领导逐渐意识到体育的重要性和必要性。因此，全民健身国家战略得到了深入的实施、健身场地和设施有了明显改善。群众性体育赛事活动繁荣发展，全民健身参与程度不断提高， 锻炼越来越成为一种社会共识。据统计，到2021年底，我国人均体育场地面积达到2.41平方米，经常参加体育锻炼人数比例达37.2%。但在学校教育中，体育课因时常被替换、上课时间不足、内容刻板等问题仍不受重视。究其根本原因是经费投入不足，体育设施匮乏。特别是在农村中学，他们只关注必修科目的课程，而体育课是其他课程的附属品。 就我而言，体育在学校教育规划中是十分必要的、对学校教育的具有深刻的意义。教育者设立这个学科的出发点是为了使学生能够培养德智体美劳，从而发展成为全面素质人才。体育是社会发展与人类文明进步的一个标志，体育事业发展水平是一个国家综合国力和社会文明程度的重要体现。它被视为是学校教育不可缺少的组成部分，是培养全面发展人才的重要手段。 首先，体育在学校教育中可以起到强身健体，锤炼意志的作用。学校教育中常规的体育运动项目大多为慢跑和长跑，常在早晨和下午进行。学校要求全体学生每天必须参与健身活动，目的是为了防止学生长时间静坐在教室而导致免疫力和抵抗力下降。其次，长跑、跳绳等耐力项目强调从一而终、坚持到底，不能半途而废；铅球、网球等球类项目需要耐心、细心和敏锐度，不能急躁冒失、粗心大意。 随着生活条件的提高，许多学生容易养成不能吃苦、暴躁易怒的性格。体育运动可以使他们体验生活的艰辛，胜利和成功的来之不易。与此同时，体育是作为培养和发展学生健康人格的重要途径，是开展心理健康教育重要的载体。学生不仅可以通过展现才能得到师生的认同，自信心和自尊心得到提高；还可以不断克服身体素质限制、环境变化和疲劳、紧张等各种困难，逐渐形成自觉、果断、坚韧的意志品质。 另一方面，学校体育可以培养学生良好的团结协作精神。团结协作和交往能力是社会活动必不可少的能力。在体育竞技比赛中，团队协作能力意味着比赛胜利。在集体形式的体育活动，学生能通过相互交流、协商、配合、制约、激励，为实现共同目标享受过程、分享喜悦，从而培养和提高合作共赢的精神和凝聚力，自觉形成“团结就是力量”的意识。 With the progress of the times and the development of society, China's national leaders, who have gradually realized the importance and necessity of sports, have gradually adjusted policies, so that the national fitness strategy has been deeply implemented, fitness venues and facilities have been significantly improved, the prosperity and development of mass sports events and the continuous improvement of national fitness participation, physical exercise has increasingly become a social consensus. According to statistics, by the end of 2021, the per capita area of sports venues in China has reached 2.41 square meters, and the proportion of people who regularly participate in physical exercise has reached 37.2%. However, in school education, physical education classes are still not taken seriously due to frequent replacements, insufficient class time, and stereotyped curriculum content. The radical reason is the insufficient investment of Education Department funds and the obsolete lack of sports facilities. More so in rural secondary schools, they focus merely on the curriculum of compulsory subjects, while physical education is an accessory to other courses. As far as I am concerned, physical education is awfully necessary and of profound significance in school education planning. The jumping-off point for educators to establish the discipline is to enable students to cultivate morality, intellectual, physical and aesthetic work, so as to develop into all-around quality talents. Sports is a symbol of social development and the progress of human civilization, and the development level of sports is an important embodiment of a country's comprehensive national strength and social civilization. It is regarded as an indispensable part of school education and an important means of cultivating talent for all-around development. First of all, physical education can play an important role in physical enhancement and tempering willpower in school education. Most of the regular sports in school education are jogging and long-distance running, often in the morning and afternoon. Schools require all students to participate every day in order to prevent students from sitting in the classroom for a long time and resulting in a decline in immunity and resistance. Secondly, endurance projects such as long-distance running and skipping rope emphasize persevering to the end, and not giving up halfway; ball sports such as shot put and tennis require patience, care and acumen, and cannot be impatient and careless. With the improvement of living conditions, many students are prone to develop a personality that cannot bear hardships and is irritable. Sport allows them to experience the hardships of life, the hard-won triumphs. At the same time, physical education is an important way to cultivate and develop students' healthy personalities and is an important carrier for mental health education. Students can not only get the recognition of teachers and students through the display, self-confidence and self-esteem can be improved, but also can continue to overcome physical fitness restrictions, environmental changes and fatigue, tension and other difficulties, and gradually form a conscious, decisive, tenacious will quality. On the other hand, school sports can cultivate students' good spirit of unity and cooperation. Solidarity, collaboration and interpersonal skills are indispensable abilities for social activities. In collective sports activities, students can enjoy the process and share joy to achieve common goals through mutual exchange, negotiation, cooperation, restriction and incentive, so as to cultivate and improve the spirit and cohesion of win-win cooperation and consciously form the consciousness of "unity is strength". 二. 首先从历史层面上看，据史料记载，我国古代学校体育从奴隶社会开始出现。在近代得到普及和发展。新中国成立后，体育制度不断完善，体育设施逐步提升，体育能力不断上升。其次从经济层面上看，随着我国经济和社会改革的快速深入的同时，人民生活水平提高，双休日制度的实行，长假制度的实施，为广大群众积极参与到体育活动中提供了有利条件。最后从群众的需要上看，随着我国国民生活水平的不断提升，大众价值取向已从单一的生存需求逐渐转为健身、娱乐和自我价值实现等多元需求。 在这种社会背景下，政府有关部门出台了有关大众体育的措施，使我国大众体育呈现了前所未有的发展趋势。从总体上看，现阶段我国的大众体育呈现出五个特点，即多元化，个体化，社会化。由此可以看出体育在群众中的必要性和重要性。体育对学校教育的意义如下： 1、体育锻炼是培养学生良好的思想行为、道德品质和塑造完美个性的重要手段。学校体育教育用其自身的优势不失时机地对中学生进行思想品德的教育，从而培养学生良好的道德品质。体育锻炼以它丰富的活动内容吸引广大青少年。而中学生在这一阶段可塑性很强，同时也是中学生人生观、世界观形成的关键时刻。通过体育活动进行思想品德教育，更适应青少年的年龄特征，特别是结合不同运动项目的特点的要求，能较全面的对中学生的思想品德和个性进行培养。 2、体育锻炼对学生智力水平的提高及促进作用。体育锻炼能促进人体的生长发育和机能的发展。其中包括智育的物质基础——大脑和整个神经系统的生长发育。经常参加体育锻炼不仅使锻炼者的注意、记忆、反应、思维和想象等能力得到提高，还可以使其情绪稳定、性格开朗、疲劳感下降等。 3、体育锻炼可以改善学生的情绪状态。青少年学生在名目繁多的考试和各科作业的压力下会产生各种焦虑反应，忧郁压抑的不良情绪，通过体育锻炼则可以转移学生因此产生的不愉快情绪和过激行为。 Last but not least, 学生通过体育可以认识志同道合的朋友，满足他们的社交需要。同时竞技体育的自我挑战性、强对抗性和观赏刺激性等特点更能满足不同兴趣爱好的学生对于观赏体育竞赛的需求，这对我国社会体育发展有积极竞技意义。 （另一方面，学校体育可以培养学生良好的团结协作精神。团结协作和交往能力是社会活动必不可少的能力。在体育竞技比赛中，团队协作能力意味着比赛胜利。在集体形式的体育活动，学生能通过相互交流、协商、配合、制约、激励，为实现共同目标享受过程、分享喜悦，从而培养和提高合作共赢的精神和凝聚力，自觉形成“团结就是力量”的意识。） First of all, from the historical level, according to historical records, ancient school physical education began to appear in a slave society. It has been popularized and developed in modern times. After the founding of new China, the sports system has been continuously improved, sports facilities have been gradually improved, and sports ability has been developed. Secondly, from the economic level, with the rapid deepening of China's economic and social reform, the improvement of people's living standards, the implementation of the two-day weekend system and the holiday system provide favorable conditions for the broad masses to actively participate in sports activities. Finally, from the perspective of the demand of the masses, with the continuous improvement of China's national living standards, the value orientation of the masses has gradually changed from a single survival demand to multiple needs such as fitness, entertainment and self-actualization. The relevant government departments have issued measures on mass sports, which makes it present an unprecedented vigorous development in this social context. In general, it shows five characteristics, namely diversification, individuation and socialization. According to statistics, by the end of 2021, the per capita area of sports venues in China has reached 2.41 m², and the proportion of people who regularly participate in physical exercise has reached 37.2%. Hence, we can see the necessity and importance of sports among the masses. Moreover, the significance of physical education to school education is as follows. Firstly, physical exercise is an important means to cultivate students' good thought and behavior, moral quality and shape a perfect personality. School physical education uses its own advantages to waste no time in educating middle school students in ideology and morality, so as to cultivate students' good moral qualities. Physical exercise attracts young people with rich activities. Middle school students have strong plasticity at this stage, which is also the key moment for the formation of middle school students' outlook on life and world. Ideological and moral education through sports activities can better adapt to the age characteristics of teenagers, especially combined with the requirements of the characteristics of different sports, and can comprehensively cultivate the ideological and moral character and personality of middle school students. At the same time, it can also improve and promote students' intelligence levels. Physical exercise can promote the growth and development of the human body and the development of function. This includes the material basis of intellectual education - the growth and development of the brain and the whole nervous system. Regular physical exercise can not only improve the exerciser's ability of attentions, memories, reactions, thinking and imagination, but also make him emotionally stable, cheerful and fatigued. What's more, it can improve students' emotional state as well. Under the pressure of various examinations and homework, young students will produce all kinds of anxious reactions, depression and depression. Physical exercise can transfer the unpleasant emotions and extreme behaviors of students. Last but not least, students can meet like-minded friends and meet their social needs through sports. At the same time, the characteristics of competitive sports, such as self-challenge, strong antagonism and viewing stimulation, can better meet the needs of students with different interests for viewing sports competitions, which has positive competitive significance for the development of social sports in our country. |
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