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这一集我们来到了一个有着不同宗教和种族的地区-以色列。以色列近些年来一直被称作创新之国，在以色列，很多人从小都会去尝试创业，无疑，这也是建立在一个优质教育这个大前提下。在片中：“不要用失败定义自己”这句话被不同的以色列人重复。“Failure（失败）”这个词在希伯来语中和英文failure这个词有着很不一样的定义，那些失败的创业者在第二次寻找投资往往更受投资人青睐，认为投资方会认为这些创业者已经从前一次失败中吸取教训了，甚至会投资更多的钱。  让我们一起来看看以色列学校里面都有哪些秘密？一个公立的老师向我们展示了她上课的秘籍：每一天都给课堂带来不一样的东西，这样每天学生对于学校课程的印象就更加的深刻。对那位老师来说，她每天都会换一个特别夸张的发型来到课堂，比如圣诞老人，大花辫子等等，并且老师在课堂上设计了超多的小游戏。她说：“学校应该成为一个快乐的地方”，但是在中国，我也有过不想上学的情况，我记得爸妈经常说的就是我在幼儿园的时候经常大哭。  第二个我在看纪录片时候思考的事情就是：什么是教育学家？我过去认为一个教育学家应该懂得很多教育理论的人，就像中国传统的孔孟。但是以色列一个家庭的父亲通过一个简单的小游戏展示了他的教育之道，他把妻子和孩子们叫到身边，然后随机从客厅里拿出几样物品放到桌子上，例如：空调遥控器，打火机，书，网球等等。随后他也布置了一个小任务，要求大家一起根据自己的逻辑给桌上的东西进行排序。你的逻辑出发点可以是多种多样的，比如：颜色一样；都需要电池；甚至都是中国制造。从这个简单的小人物中，孩子们的观察力是可以被无限放大的。因为随着日积月累的生活经验，我们看待事物的方式已经行程了一种模式，而且很多事停留在外观和用途上。但是，对于事物不同角度的观察力的确是非常需要的东西，努力去打破常规，去发现事物背后的思维，我想不仅对通识教育，甚至对语言学习也是有帮助的。  这户家庭中还有一个很关键的地方就是，每个家庭成员的自我管理。孩子们需要给自己每天的生活制定计划，例如，学生们每天可以在深夜休息，没有父母在背后催着每天早点睡觉。因为在家里父母一直鼓励孩子的事情就是，要学会问“为什么”，因为你累了所以你可以选择半夜休息，因为你觉得玩iPad可以收获快乐，所以你可以一直玩iPad。所以在很多时候，以色列又被叫做辩论的国度，凡事去想想为什么，或许是我们每个人在这里该去做的事情。  另一个很大的区别就是，在以色列的很多社区里面，有一些民主学校，或者我们把它叫做民主学校或者家庭学校。和传统的学校指定课程内容和校规不同，在民主学校里面，家长们会不定期坐在一起讨论课程内容的改进和一些规则的变动。我想着一点也是建立在整体教育程度高的大环境下，因为家长至少要理性地认识到自己的孩子需要什么内容，但是需要注意的是，在这里上课的孩子也要参加政府颁布的标准化考试，类似于中考高考之类的，但是多次考试结果证明，这里的孩子表现不比公立学校的孩子平均水平要好得多。最重要的是，孩子们在这里的学习体验是完全不同的，孩子们可以有更加轻松的上课环境并且可以充分发展自己的兴趣爱好。  另一位来自军校的长官说到，在以色列这样一个犹太文化背景且集体意识较强的环境下，以色列的创新来源于不断质疑和挑战，“虎刺巴”这个以色列人挂在嘴边的词，代表着无畏和敢于挑战，但是周老师也提到了在中国，很多时候，在面对上级和长辈的时候，人们需要去包装他们说的话。  在特拉维夫大学博物馆，一位教授提到了以色列政府对于教育的重视程度，政府预算首先是给到教育方面，每年大约有51%的政府预算都用于教育的方方面面，比如翻新教学楼等等。这句话让我深有感触“以色列的发展，不仅仅是犹太人民一起团结奋斗的结果，这就是我们的生活方式，我想我们已经习惯了这种幸存者的生活方式了。这个曾经差点被屠杀的民族，在仅有的和平年代里，从历史中发掘的民族价值，这是难能可贵的。我想去以色列这个不同寻常的国度看一看，这是我看完这一集内心的冲动。我在想，我未来能对教育上什么了，或许再去读个教育学的研究生，甚至还有读博的冲动哈哈，冷静片刻后，还是觉得以后先工作好，等以后真正需要继续读书的时候也未免不可。  年前利用地铁上的闲暇时间看完了余秋雨先生的《文化苦旅》，哈哈哈以前老是听到，这次终于看完了，比我想象地短太多了，把走过的路和文化联系到一起，很新颖，很棒。 英文笔记： Moving to another developed country wherethe race and the religion are quite different. Israel is always know as the country ofinnovation because a lot of people there tend to start up their own businessvery early, I would say, it is under the precondition “good education”. Do notdefine yourself with failure, this sentence has been repeated numerous times bydifferent people from Israel. Failure in Hebrew has different interpretation fromit in English, In Israel, people who failed are considered to be able to succeedthan before and the investor will pour more money to a second-try project. Letus go back to the school in Israel, one friendly tip from a teacher in a publicIsraeli school is that teachers should add something special to his or hereveryday class, making it easier for children to reflect on the school day. Forexample, the teacher choose to begin her class with a different hairstyle, andthe teacher will play some games with kids. Such a joyful interaction makesschool a place of fun, she alleged. From my experience, school has always beenthe last place children would go in China and that is why I cried a lot in akindergarten a lot. Thesecond one I was thinking in watching that episode is that What is aneducationalist? Iused to think that an educationalist should be someone who is full of educationtheories. The guy in the documentary illustrate his educational value through asimple game in his house, where he gathers his children and wife together, andhe randomly picked up several stuff in the sitting room, for example, TVcontroller, a light, a book... The task here is to ask everyone there to putall these stuff in order with some connection. You may start from anyperspectives, for example, the color, all need battery, even all made in China.From this simple task, children’s ability to notice things has been welltrained, since our understanding of somethings always stops in the very basicaspect, for example, its function and the color. However, noticing is actuallysomething we all need, trying to break the stereotype and think about anyconnections behind it, which is also applicable to English learning. Anotherrule in that house is that students are able to manage themselves. His childrenare able to make their own schedule every single day, for example, go to sleepin the midnight. Instead of asking children to follow the exactly rule, thefather always encourage children to ask “Why”;for example, you may go to sleep late because you feel tired, you may use youriPad simple because you can have fun that. They said Israel is a nation ofdebate. You may reflect what is your own experience by stopping here. Also,another great difference is that there are some democratic schools in Israel,or I would call it community school or home school. Instead of the headmastermaking all the rules, parents are able to sit in a round table and discuss whatis best for those children. Although students have to take the standard test,it proved that students from this school did a great job academically asstudents from state school, the more important thing is that the experiencehere is full of pleasure and students are able to develop his interest. Also,in Jewish culture and such a collectivism country, a colonel explains that allthe innovation comes from keep challenging. “虎刺巴’’ in Hebrew means beingbold and dare to challenge, however, in most cases in China, you have topackage your wording, especially dealing with your boss or your elders. Asit reports, the priority is given to the education in terms of the governmentbudget, and about 51% of national funds flows to the all aspects of education,including refurbishing the school building. All the Jewish people unitedtogether and strive, and I think it is because the mode of living. Jewishpeople used to live in a survive mode, “A scholar mentions in themuseum of Tel Aviv-Yafo University. I want to go to Israel and explorethis great nation, and that is what I was thinking in that time. And What willI do for future education? I have to impulse to back to university, maybe doinganother program of MA or apply for the PHD. That is a risky move and I probablyquite because I am actually inactive in academic work, so I just take it as aninstant impulse. |
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