【原】医学英语难句剖析|系列#83#84

83

anatomy

83. Without a thorough knowledge of anatomy a surgeon would not be able to perform highly complicated operations that require the penetration of knife into any organ of the body—the heart, the brain, and the inside of the eye even.

A. 词汇注释：

penetration

英 [ˌpenəˈtreɪʃn]   美 [ˌpenəˈtreɪʃn] 

n.穿透，渗透，进入

B. 语法注释：

1. Without a thorough knowledge of anatomy 是介词短语，作状语，表示条件。相当于由从属连接词if引导的虚拟条件状语，if a surgeon did not have a thorough knowledge of anatomy。主句中谓语用would not be able to perform，表示与现在事实相反的条件和结果。

例如：without water, nothing could live. 没有水，什么也活不了。

2.the heat, the brain 和 the inside of the eye 是同位语，同位于organ。

3.even是副词，作状语。

C. 参考译文：

如果不懂解剖学，外科医生就不能做很复杂的手术，这种手术需要刀子切入机体的任何器官——心脏、脑、甚至眼内。

84

hygienic

84. Though brushing the teeth regularly is essential for hygienic reasons, it will not prevent dental caries. One person may have good teeth though he gives them little care in this regard, whereas another, though he cleans his teeth regularly, suffers from diseased teeth. It is likely that diet and general health play primary roles in the breakdown of tooth structure.

A. 词汇注释：

hygienic

英 [haɪˈdʒiːnɪk]   美 [haɪˈdʒenɪk] 

adj.

卫生的

B. 语法注释:

1. Though brushing the teeth regularly is essential for hygienic reasons, 是由从属连接词 though 引导的让步状语从句。

例：Though the task was difficult, they managed to accomplish it in time.

虽然任何艰巨，他们还是设法及时完成。

2. brushing the teeth regularly 是动名词短语，作主语。

3. though he gives them little care in this regard 和 though he cleans his teeth regularly 都是让步状语从句。

4. whereas是并列连词，连接并列句。

例如：Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.

有人喜欢肥肉，而有的人却讨厌肥肉。

5.it is likely that，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是从属连接词that引导的主语从句，it is likely that 作“很有可能解”

例句：It is likely that he will come.

他很可能来。

C. 参考译文：

虽然从卫生学的道理上讲，经常刷牙是必要的，但不能防止龋齿。有的人尽管在这一点上不大注意，但仍有一副好牙齿；而另一个人虽然经常清洁牙齿，但还是患上牙病。这很可能是饮食和全身健康情况在破坏牙齿的结构中起着主要的作用。