仅供医学专业人士阅读参考
伴2型炎症特征的慢阻肺病患者,部分在三联治疗后仍控制不佳
《慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议(GOLD)2023》提出[6],对EOS≥300/μL的E组患者,考虑使用吸入糖皮质激素(inhalation corticosteroid,ICS)+长效抗胆碱能药物(long-acting antimuscarinic antagonist,LAMA)+长效β2受体激动剂(long-actingbeta2-agonist,LABA)三联治疗。 国内《慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊治指南》也指出,若患者血EOS计数≥300/μL同时症状较为严重[慢阻肺病患者自我评估测试(COPD Assessment test,CAT)大于20分],可考虑使用ICS+LAMA+LABA治疗,三联治疗相较ICS+LABA,可能有更好的临床疗效[11]。
治疗新思路:抑制免疫应答或可行
临床研究新进展:度普利尤单抗在三联基础上可进一步降低急性加重发生率[16]
该研究共纳入939例慢阻肺病患者,其中度普利尤单抗组468例,安慰剂组471例,结果显示度普利尤单抗组中重度急性加重年发生率显著低于安慰剂组(图1)。
图1 中重度急性加重的累积情况[16]
小结
[1]慢性阻塞性肺疾病临床诊治实施规范专家组. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病临床诊治实施规范. 国际呼吸杂志,2022,42(06):401-409.
[2]中华医学会呼吸病学分会慢性阻塞性肺疾病学组,中国医师协会呼吸医师分会慢性阻塞性肺疾病工作委员会. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重高风险患者识别与管理中国专家共识. 国际呼吸杂志,2022,42(24):1845-1863.
[3]慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重诊治专家组.慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重诊治中国专家共识(2023年修订版)[J].国际呼吸杂志,2023,43(2):132-149.
[4] Halpin DMG, de Jong HJI, Carter V, Skinner D, Price D. Distribution, Temporal Stability and Appropriateness of Therapy of Patients With COPD in the UK in Relation to GOLD 2019. EClinicalMedicine. 2019 Jul 24;14:32-41.
[5]夏蓉,孙鹏,姚欣.慢性阻塞性肺疾病2型炎症相关研究进展[J].中华健康管理学杂志,2023,17(4):311-315.
[6]Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease Global strategy for the diagnosis management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2023report
[7]Hastie Annette T,Martinez Fernando J,Curtis Jeffrey L et al. Association of sputum and blood eosinophil concentrations with clinical measures of COPD severity: an analysis of the SPIROMICS cohort.[J] .Lancet Respir Med, 2017, 5: 956-967.
[8]Barnes Neil C,Sharma Raj,Lettis Sally et al. Blood eosinophils as a marker of response to inhaled corticosteroids in COPD.[J] .Eur Respir J, 2016, 47: 1374-82.
[9]Yun Jeong H,Lamb Andrew,Chase Robert et al. Blood eosinophil count thresholds and exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.[J] .J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2018, 141: 2037-2047.e10.
[10]Vedel-Krogh Signe,Nielsen Sune F,Lange Peter et al. Blood Eosinophils and Exacerbations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The Copenhagen General Population Study.[J] .Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2016, 193: 965-74.
[11]中华医学会呼吸病学分会慢性阻塞性肺疾病学组,中国医师协会呼吸医师分会慢性阻塞性肺疾病工作委员会.慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊治指南(2021年修订版)[J].中华结核和呼吸杂志,2021,44(3):170-205.
[12]Sridhar Sriram,Liu Hao,Pham Tuyet-Hang et al. Modulation of blood inflammatory markers by benralizumab in patients with eosinophilic airway diseases.[J] .Respir Res, 2019, 20: 14.
[13]Pavord ID, et al. Mepolizumab for Eosinophilic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. N Engl J Med. 2017 Oct 26;377(17):1613-1629.
[14]Gandhi Namita A,Bennett Brandy L,Graham Neil M H et al. Targeting key proximal drivers of type 2 inflammation in disease.[J] .Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2016, 15: 35-50.
[15]中华医学会变态反应学分会.2型炎症性疾病机制及靶向治疗专家共识[J].中华医学杂志,2022,102(42):3349-3373.
[16]Bhatt Surya P,Rabe Klaus F,Hanania Nicola A et al. Dupilumab for COPD with Type 2 Inflammation Indicated by Eosinophil Counts.[J] .N Engl J Med, 2023, 389: 205-214.
[17]Rabe Klaus F,Nair Parameswaran,Brusselle Guy et al. Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Glucocorticoid-Dependent Severe Asthma.[J] .N Engl J Med, 2018, 378: 2475-2485.
[18]Castro Mario,Corren Jonathan,Pavord Ian D et al. Dupilumab Efficacy and Safety in Moderate-to-Severe Uncontrolled Asthma.[J] .N Engl J Med, 2018, 378: 2486-2496.
[19]度普利尤单抗说明书.