烟酰胺单核苷酸（NMN）作为抗衰老保健品

renaiehdq1sa28 2024-05-12 发布于广东

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Harshani Nadeeshani¹, Jinyao Li², Tianlei Ying³, Baohong Zhang⁴, Jun Lu^{1

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Harshani Nadishani ¹ ，李金瑶 ² ， Tianli Ying ³ ， Bahong Zhang ⁴ ， Jun Lu ^{1

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Affiliations 背景

Affiliations

¹ School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
² Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
⁴ School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
⁵ School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 0627, New Zealand.
⁶ Institute of Biomedical Technology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
⁷ Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Discovery, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
⁸ College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, Guangdong Province, China.
⁹ College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi Province, China.
¹⁰ College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China.

PMID: 35499054
PMCID: PMC9039735
DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.003

Review

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) as an anti-aging health product - Promises and safety concerns

Harshani Nadeeshani et al. J Adv Res. 2021.

. 2021 Aug 11:37:267-278.

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.003. eCollection 2022 Mar.

Authors

Harshani Nadeeshani¹, Jinyao Li², Tianlei Ying³, Baohong Zhang⁴, Jun Lu^{1

5

6

7

8

9

10}

Affiliations

¹ School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
² Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
⁴ School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
⁵ School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 0627, New Zealand.
⁶ Institute of Biomedical Technology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
⁷ Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Discovery, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
⁸ College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, Guangdong Province, China.
⁹ College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi Province, China.
¹⁰ College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China.

PMID: 35499054
PMCID: PMC9039735
DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.003

Abstract 抽象

Background: Elderly population has been progressively rising in the world, thus the demand for anti-aging heath products to assure longevity as well as to ameliorate age-related complications is also on the rise. Among various anti-aging health products, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has been gaining attentions of the consumers and the scientific community.
背景：世界上老年人口一直在逐渐增加，因此对抗衰老健康产品的需求也在上升，以确保长寿和改善与年龄相关的并发症。在各种抗衰老保健品中，烟酰胺单核苷酸（NMN）一直受到消费者和科学界的关注。

Aim of review: This article intends to provide an overview on the current knowledge on promises and safety concerns of NMN as an anti-aging health product.
综述目的：本文旨在概述NMN作为抗衰老保健品的前景和安全问题。

Key scientific concepts of review: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) levels in the body deplete with aging and it is associated with downregulation of energy production in mitochondria, oxidative stress, DNA damage, cognitive impairment and inflammatory conditions. However, NMN, as the precursor of NAD⁺, can slow down this process by elevating NAD⁺ levels in the body. A number of in vivo studies have indicated affirmative results of therapeutic effects for various age-induced complications with NMN supplementation. One preclinical and one clinical study have been conducted to investigate the safety concerns of NMN administration while a few more human clinical trials are being conducted. As there is a large influx of NMN based anti-aging products on the market, proper clinical investigations are urgently needed to find out the effectiveness and safety of NMN supplementation.
综述的关键科学概念：体内烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD ⁺ ）水平随着年龄的增长而耗尽，它与线粒体能量产生的下调、氧化应激、DNA 损伤、认知障碍和炎症有关。然而，NMN作为NAD ⁺ 的前体，可以通过提高体内NAD ⁺ 水平来减缓这一过程。许多体内研究表明，补充 NMN 对各种年龄诱发的并发症的治疗效果是肯定的。已经进行了一项临床前研究和一项临床研究，以调查 NMN 给药的安全性问题，同时正在进行更多的人体临床试验。由于市场上有大量基于NMN的抗衰老产品，迫切需要进行适当的临床研究，以找出补充NMN的有效性和安全性。

Keywords: Age-induced diseases; Anti-aging; Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; Nicotinamide mononucleotide; Supplement.
关键词：年龄诱发疾病;抗衰老;烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸;烟酰胺单核苷酸;补充。

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Conflict of interest statement
利益冲突声明

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
作者声明，他们没有已知的相互竞争的经济利益或个人关系，这些利益或关系可能会影响本文所报告的工作。

Figures 数字

**Fig. 1**
Percentage of global population aged 65 years or over according to the medium-variant projection (UN, 2019).

**Fig. 2**
Chemical structure of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN).

**Fig. 3**
NAD+ biosynthesis pathways in which NMN involves. Biosynthetic pathways of NAD+ in mammalian cells in which NMN involves are Preiss–Handler and salvage pathways, and the salvage pathway is the major source of NAD+. NAMPT-nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; ATP-adenosine triphosphate; ADP-adenosine diphosphate; NMNAT-nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase; NRK-nicotinamide riboside kinases; NAPRT-nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase; NADS-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetases.

**Fig. 4**
Causes for reducing NAD+ levels when aging and mechanism underlying anti-aging activity of NMN. DNA damage, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and increasing NAD+ consuming enzymes (sirtuins, CD38/CD157, PARP, TNKS and BST) accelerate NAD degradation. The reduced levels of NAD+ cause downregulation of energy production in mitochondria, leading to aging and various age-associated diseases. NMN supplementation can reinstate NAD+ levels in the body through biosynthesis pathways, reversing the aging process and preventing age-associated diseases.

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Fig. 3

NAD+ biosynthesis pathways in which NMN involves. Biosynthetic pathways of NAD+ in mammalian cells in which NMN involves are Preiss–Handler and salvage pathways, and the salvage pathway is the major source of NAD+. NAMPT-nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; ATP-adenosine triphosphate; ADP-adenosine diphosphate; NMNAT-nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase; NRK-nicotinamide riboside kinases; NAPRT-nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase; NADS-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetases.

图3 NMN参与的NAD+生物合成途径。NMN涉及的哺乳动物细胞中NAD+的生物合成途径是Preiss-Handler和挽救途径，挽救途径是NAD+的主要来源。NAMPT-烟酰胺磷酸核糖基转移酶;ATP-腺苷三磷酸;ADP-腺苷二磷酸;NMNAT-烟酰胺单核苷酸腺苷酸转移酶;NRK-烟酰胺核苷激酶;NAPRT-烟酸磷酸核糖基转移酶;NADS-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸合成酶。

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