胰腺假性囊肿，pancreatic pseudocyst，pseudo-，假冒的，伪造的（比如，pseudoscience伪科学）。按照字面意思，pancreatic pseudocyst也可以是胰腺伪囊肿，或者伪胰腺囊肿。那么胰腺假性囊肿，到底是不是囊肿，为什么是假冒的囊肿呢？假在何处呢？
胰腺假性囊肿是发生在胰腺之外的充满液体的肿块，可自行消失，属于良性病变。A pancreatic pseudocyst is a benign, fluid-filled mass that develops outside of the pancreas, usually following pancreatitis. It can go away by itself, but sometimes.
一、胰腺假性囊肿的发生
胰腺假性囊肿是胰腺发生病变后在胰腺组织外形成的一个囊肿结构，充满液体，通常是由胰腺炎（pancreatitis）引起的。发生胰腺炎时，胰腺出现炎症和肿胀。，严重的胰腺炎会导致胰管破裂，出现胰液外渗，这些消化酶会刺激周围的组织，最终在胰腺周围形成了一个囊肿结构，囊内是液体成分，囊壁是纤维状的疤痕组织，这就是胰腺假性囊肿。 A pancreatic pseudocyst is a pocket of fluid that develops outside of the pancreas after it’s been injured, usually by pancreatitis. The pancreas is an organ in a human's abdomen (belly) that makes enzymes for the digestive system. Pancreatitis is inflammation and swelling in the pancreas. A severe case of pancreatitis can cause the pancreatic duct to leak. When pancreatic juices leak, the digestive enzymes can irritate the surrounding tissues. A protective capsule forms around the leak, made of fibrous, scar-like tissue. This is a pseudocyst.
胰腺假性囊肿，首先，囊肿不是发生在胰腺组织，而是胰腺外的周围组织，其次，囊肿的被膜也不是胰腺的上皮细胞，而是纤维瘢痕组织，包括肉芽组织，这是慢性炎症形成的过程。A
pancreatic pseudocyst isn’t a true cyst because it’s not made of true
pancreatic tissue. The capsule is only fibrous scar tissue and doesn’t
have the telltale lining of epithelial cells that pancreatic tissue does. Instead, it’s lined with granulation
tissue, the type that forms over a wound during the healing process.胰腺假性囊肿其实就是一个炎症渗出的漏口，而不是一个独立的结构，也可以叫胰腺周围的积液，包裹性积液（encapsulated peripancreatic or remote fluid collections）。而真正的胰腺囊肿的壁是胰腺自身组织，发生在胰腺内部，这些囊肿可能有液体成分。，有可能有实性成分，其中，部分囊肿具有癌变的潜力。A pancreatic pseudocyst is ultimately an inflammatory wound rather than a separate structure. A pancreatic cyst,
on the other hand, is a growth in the wall of your pancreas that’s
formed from its own tissues. It may contain fluid as well as solid
material. Some true cysts have cancerous potential. 三、胰腺假性囊肿的常见类型和典型影像学征象
胰腺假性囊肿是充满液体的椭圆形或圆形囊肿结构（oval or round collections），囊壁相对较厚（thick wall），可以是多发性的，最常见的位于胰腺床，但也可见其他部位，范围从腹股沟到纵隔，甚至在颈部，这是从后腹膜通过膈肌间隙进入纵隔引起的。 壁内假性囊肿，intramural pseudocysts 胃壁内假性囊肿，gastric intramural pseudocyst
十二指肠壁内假性囊肿，duodenal intramural pseudocyst
CT影像，假性囊肿边界清晰（well-circumscribed），均匀低密度（homogeneously low attenuation），囊壁强化（well-defined enhancing wall ）但罕见钙化（calcification is rare）。MRI影像，假性囊肿的囊液是液体成分，并且单一，T1低信号（hypointense (fluid signal) center），T2高信号（hyperintense）；囊壁的纤维瘢痕组织是缓慢强化（wall demonstrates mild early enhancement, which progressively becomes more intense）。
四、胰腺囊肿 Pancreatic pseudocysts are common sequelae of acute pancreatitis or chronic pancreatitis, and the most common cystic lesion of the pancreas. They are important both in terms of management and differentiation from other cystic processes or masses in this region.
cystic lesions of the pancreas 胰腺囊肿，内部均匀低密度，可能是浆液性囊腺瘤（serous cystadenoma）微囊肿（microcystic） choledochal cyst 胆道囊肿 mesenteric duplication cysts 肠系膜重复囊肿，壁薄 peripancreatic collection of acute pancreatitis 胰周急性胰脏炎囊肿在周围间。假性囊肿需要约4周的时间才能形成 gastric duplication cyst 胃重复性囊肿 non-pancreatic pseudocyst 非胰腺假性囊肿，囊液中淀粉酶或脂肪酶水平低（low levels of amylase or lipase）
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