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《英语单词拼读规则表》

 天马行空asd 2011-09-19

二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
 
元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号
a [] China another woman breakfast 2-01
[] orange comrade village cabbage 2-02
e [] hundred student open moment 2-03
[]] chicken pocket begin children 2-04
i/y []/[]] holiday beautiful family animal 2-05
[a]] exercise satellite 2-06
o [] second tonight somebody welcome 2-07
[u] also zero photo 2-08
u [] autumn difficult 2-09
[ju(:)] popular congratulation January 2-10
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[e]音,例如:operate 2-11
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue 2-12

在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音,也可以读作[]]音。


三、元音字母重读音节中的特殊读音
 
元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号
闭音节中a在[w]音后面 [] want what watch wash quality 3-01
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father 3-02
i在gh -gn -ld -nd前 [a] high light sign child find 3-03
o在-st -ld前 [u] most postcard old cold 3-04
o在m n v th前 [] come monkey love mother 3-05
 
四、-r音节元音字组重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[:] car farm dark sharpener 4-01
[:] warm quarter towards 4-02
or
or在[w]音后面
[:] forty morning short 4-03
[:] word worker worse 4-04
er ir ur [:] certainly bird Thursday 4-05

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry berry mirror sorry hurry

4-06
-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday 4-07
五、-re音节元音字组重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
are [e] care dare hare 5-01
ere [] here mere 5-02
ire [a] fire hire wire 5-03
ore [:] more score before 5-04
ure [ju] pure cure 5-05
  重读音节中元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,元音字母和r构成-re音节元音字组的变体,按-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的拼读规则发音,字母r读[r]音。
例如:parent zero inspiring story during
5-06
  在一些常用词及多音节词中,重读-re音节元音字组变体经常出现长音短化为短音的现象,即按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音,字母r读[r]音。
例如:orange very American paragraph forest spirit
5-07
  完整的-re音节元音字组are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[]音,例如:figure seizure
  非重读音节中-re音节元音字组的变体通常发[r]音,例如:salary
5-08
六、元音字组重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
ai/ay [e] afraid rain wait day play 6-01
air [e] air hair chair pair repair 6-02

al

al 在 f m 前

[:] small ball talk wall all 6-03
[:l] always also salt almost 6-04
[:] half calm 6-05
au/aw [:] autumn daughter draw 6-06
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please 6-07
[e] heavy bread sweater weather 6-08
[e] break great 6-09
ear [] hear dear near clear year 6-10
[e] bear pear wear swear 6-11
[:] earth learn early 6-12
ee [i:] jeep week green three 6-13
eer [] pioneer deer beer 6-14
ei/ey [e] eight neighbour they 6-15
eu/ew
在 j l r 后
[ju:] new few newspaper 6-16
[u:] flew brew jewelry 6-17
ie/[s]音后拼写为ei [i:] piece field receive seize 6-18
oa [u] coat Joan boat goal 6-19
oar/oor [:] roar board door floor 6-20
oi/oy [] noise point boy toilet 6-21
oo [u:] broom food tooth school 6-22
[u] book look cook foot good 6-23
ou/ow [au] flower house count down 6-24
[u] know row throw though 6-25
[] young country enough 6-26
[u:] group you soup through 6-27
our [:] course your four 6-28
[au] our hour ours 6-29
[:] journey 6-30
ui
ui 在j l r s后
[ju:] annuity continuity 6-31
[u:] juice sluice fruit suit 6-32
非重读音节中元音字组大多读 [] 音或 [] 音,例如: neighbour coffee  6-33
非重读音节中 -ay/-ey 读[i]音,例如: Sunday monkey  6-34
非重读音节中ow 读 [] 音,例如: yellow window elbow  6-35
七、字群在非重读音节中的读音
元音字组字群 读 音 例 词 编 号
-sion -tion [n] impression nation 7-01
-sion在元音字母后 [n] vision decision occasion 7-02
-tion在s后 [n] question suggestion 7-03
-sten [sn] listen christen 7-04
-stle [sl] whistle jostle castle 7-05
-sure [] pressure 7-06
-sure在元音字母后 [] pleasure measure 7-07
-ture [] picture culture 7-08
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
  复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如:
  everyday[e]
  handbag[æ]
  blackboard[:]
8-01
  有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在时的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如:
  sun 太阳 + day[e] 日子 → Sunday[i] 星期天
  holy 神圣 + day[e] 日子 → holiday[i] 假日
  break 中断 + fast[:] 斋戒 → breakfast[] 早餐
  cup 茶杯 + board[:] 木板 → cupboard[] 碗柜
  main 主要部分 + land[æ] 陆地 → mainland[] 大陆

8-02
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
b [b] bike bus bag 9-01
[/] bomb tomb lamb climb 9-02
c
c在e前或在i/y前
在弱读字母ia ie io iu前
[k] cake picture coat music 9-03
[s] face decide cinema 9-04
[] official efficient delicious 9-05
ch [] much chick rich teacher 9-06
[k] school headache chemistry 9-07
[] machine Chicago
9-08
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock 9-09
d [d] doctor bread hand day 9-10
-dge [d] bridge fridge 9-11
dr- [dr] children driver drink 9-12
f [f] five four breakfast 9-13
g
g在e i/y前
[] bag garden go 9-14
[d] orange large German 9-15
gh
gh-
-gh
[/] light daughter high 9-16
[] ghost sorghum spaghetti 9-17
[f] cough enough rough 9-18
gu- -gue [] guess league dialogue guitar 9-19
[w] language anguish penguin 9-20
h [h] hot head house hand 9-21
[/] hour honest honor 9-22
j- [d] jeep jar joke join July 9-23
k [k] kind bike skate make week 9-24
kn- [n] knife know knock 9-25
l [l] life milk school tall 9-26
m [m] monkey come tomato 9-27
-mn [m] autumn column solemn 9-28
n
n在[k] []音前
[n] not shine ten note 9-29
[?] uncle thank hungry 9-30
-ng [?] morning young wrong 9-31
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen 9-32
ph [f] elephant photo telephone 9-33
q/-que [k] Iraq cheque 9-34
qu- [kw] quality quite quarter 9-35
r- [r] red rubber ruler 9-36
s在音节开头或清辅音前
在元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s] sit sleep desk 9-37
[z] music husband 9-38
sc- [sk] scarlet scout Scotland 9-39
[s] scene science scythe 9-40
sh [] she fish shirt wash 9-41
t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io前
[t] ten letter meet 9-42
[] patient nation 9-43

-tch

[] watch catch match 9-44
th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中
[] thin thirty method 9-45
[] the these with than 9-46
[] clothe father weather 9-47
tr- [tr] tree train country truck 9-48
v [v] very voice love leave 9-49
w [w] week win wake sweet wait 9-50
[/] answer two 9-51
wh-
wh-在字母o前
[w] what when white why 9-52
[h] who whose whole 9-53
x
在重读元音前
[ks] box text exercise 9-54
[z] example exist exact 9-55
wr- [r] write wrong wrist 9-56
y- [j] yes yard yellow young 9-57
z [z] puzzle zero zoo 9-58

-ds[dz]
-ts[ts]
ps-[s]

 十、英语语音名词解释
1.音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] [] [l]例外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。 0-01
2.音节的划分 ①在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。
例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面重读音节里的元音是长音辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果重读音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于重读音节。
例如:长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
   短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
0-02
3.重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 0-03
4.开音节 ①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret
②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home excuse
五个元音字母在开音节中发长音 [e] [i:] [a] [u] [ju:]
0-04
5.闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not cup 五个元音字母在闭音节中发短音 [] [e] [] [] [] 0-05
6.双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如:stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如:
about before excuse repair forget-ful inven-tor
0-06
7.多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如:el-e-phant con-grat-ula-tion
词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scientific impression nation
0-07
 

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