so与such都有“如此、这么、那么”的意思,可进行同义改写,但用法不同。
1. so是副词,修饰形容词和副词;而such是形容词,修饰名词。它们后面接单数可数名词时,词序不同。 so的词序为:so+ adj. + a(an) + n. such的词序为:such +a(an) +adj. + n. 它们可以表达同样的意思,因此它们可以进行同义改写。 so nice a coat =such a nice coat 这么漂亮的一件外套 so interesting a book = such an interesting book 那么有趣的一本书 补给站:后面接复数名词或不可数名词时,只能用such,而不能用so.如: such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花 such clever children 如此聪明的孩子 但是,复数名词或不可数名词前有many,few,much,little修饰时,只能用so而不能用such,这是一种固定用法。如: so many books 这么多书 so few people 这么少的人 so much money 那么多的钱 so little milk 那么少的牛奶 2. 和“that”连用时,意思基本一样,但句型结构不同。“so…that…”句型结构为: so + adj. (adv.) +that… so + adj. +a(an)+单数n. +that… so +many(few)+复数n. +that… so +much(little)+不可数n. +that…如: This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 这本书如此有趣,我已经看了三遍。 He spoke so fast that we couldn‘t understand him. 他说得太快,我们都未能听懂他的话。 It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 天气很热,谁都不想干活。 There were so many people that we could hardly move on. 这么多人,我们简直无法继续往前走。 “such…that…”句型结构为: such + a (an)+adj. +单数n. +that… such + adj. +复数n. +that… such +adj. +不可数n. +that… She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her. 她是个很可爱的小姑娘,大家都喜欢她。 They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. 这么可口的蛋糕,我还想再吃两块。 It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it. 这么香的牛奶,我们都想喝。 补给站:由于so 和such后跟单数可数名词时,可以换用,同样“so…that…”与“such…that…”也可以进行同义句改写。如上文中:This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 可改写成:This is such an interesting book that I have read it three times. It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 可改写成:It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything. 3. so与that可以直接构成词组“so that”,引导目的和结果状语从句,表示“以便、以致”的意思。如: He worked hard so that he could pass the exams. 为了能通过考试,他学习很认真。(但such没有这种用法) [巩固练习] 用so和such填空。 1. Our teacher teaches us ______ well that we are all thankful to him. 2. I took a taxi ______ that I could catch the train. 3. There is _______ little milk that I have to buy some. 4. A: He left in _______ a hurry that he forgot to lock the door. B: He left ______ hurriedly that he forgot to lock the door. 5. A: There are ________ many people in the street that we couldn‘t move on. B: There are ______ a lot of people in the street that we couldn‘t move on . 6. A: It is ______ a large room that it can hold 100 people. B: It is _______ large a room that it can hold 100 people. [参考答案] 1. so 2. so 3. so 4. A: such B: so 5. A: so B: such 6. A: such B: so |
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