初中英语主谓一致应该注意的10个问题 1.某些集体名词如果作为一个整体来看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果表示集体中的个体成员,谓语动词就要用复数形式。 这类集体名词包括:audience(观众),class(班级),club(俱乐部),company(公司),crowd(人群),government(政府),group(团队),team(队伍)等。如:My family is a small one with three people. 但people,police,cattle等,只能按照复数对待,谓语动词必须用复数。 如:The people around us are all friendly and helpful. 2.当名词词组的中心词表示时间、距离、书名、金额等复数名词时,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。 如:Ten years for them was so long because they led a working but hard life. 3.由“a pair(a kind,a bottle…)+of+复数名词”作为主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但由“pairs( kinds,bottles…)+of+复数名词”作为主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。 如:This pair of shoes is very nice but expensive. 4.不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。 如:Each boy and each girl was given a new book. 5.某些只有复数形式的名词(glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,chopsticks,scissors等),谓语动词用复数形式。 如:Those shoes are put under the desk. 6.and或both…and连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。如:Walking and riding are good exercises. 但并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 如:A knife and fork is on the table. 7.当主语中含有as well as,in addition to,(along)with,together with,except,besides,including等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数依据他们前面的主语而定。 如:Jack as well as his parents has been to China before. 但either…or,neither…nor, not only…but also和There be出现在句中时,谓语动词的单复数就要采用就近原则。 如:There is a photo and two maps on the wall. Neither her sisters nor Mary is going to the party tomorrow. 8. 由“分数+名词或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of,half of+名词”构成的短语做主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。 如:Ten percent of the water is polluted there. 9.由a number of+名词复数做主语时,谓语要用复数形式;由the number of+名词复数做主语时,谓语要用单数形式。 如:A number of people are waiting to be interviewed. The number of students in our class is 50. 10.在“one of+复数名词+who/that/which”引导的定语从句中,从句中的动词应该是复数形式。但如果the only来修饰one时,从句的动词应是单数形式。如:This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told. She was the only one of the girls who was late. 主谓一致的用法及专项练习题 一、主谓一致三原则 原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。 数形式。 2.意义一致:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上 为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。 3.就近一致:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。例如: 复数形式。 2. many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。 3. more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。 4. 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个 整体概念,谓语用单数形式。例如: 5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。 6. one and a half+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。 7. 动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 8. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语,谓语动词用单数。 A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 9. 当主语部分含有with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,except,but,like 等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用单数形式;但“名词+as well as+名词”时,谓语动词一般 应与第一个名词一致。 Mike with his father has been to 10. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时,一般用复数形式,但and所连接的并列主语是同 一个人,事物,或概念时,谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下:a/the+单数名词+and+单 数名词,指的是同一个人或物;a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词,指两个人或物。 The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) 11. people,police等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,family,class,group,team等集体名词作 主语,若指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,若指一个具体成员时,谓语动词复数形式。 12. 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语,谓语动词用单数, 13. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语,谓语动词用单数。 14. 以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news, maths, physics等, No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。 15. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;由or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语时,根据就近 原则决定谓语动词形式。 Either my wife or I am going. Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer. Not only you but also he is ready to leave. 如果either, each, neither作主语,则动词为单数形式。 Each of us has his likes and dislikes. Neither of the books is very interesting. 16. 如果主语是由“a series of, a kind of, a portion of+等+名词”构成时,动词一般用单数形式。 A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for language laboratory use. 但a variety of, a number of +名词复数,动词要用复数形式; .而the number of +复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数。 On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods. The number of the students is over eight houndred 17.以here,there开关的句子,若主语在两个或两个以上,谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致 There is a book and three pens on the desk.
The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 三.肯定与否定一致 下列形容词、副词、代词从肯定句变成否定句时须作相应的变化。 We've had some(money).→ We haven't had any(money). I was talking to someone.→ I wasn't talking to anyone. They sometimes visit us.→ They rarely (never, seldom)visit us. He has arrived already. → He hasn't arrived yet. Li is coming too.→ Li isn't coming either. Both of us are going.→ Neither of us are going. He likes both of them.→ He doesn't like either of them. 注意:so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。 My wife like classic music very much and so do I. She doesn't like jazz and neither do I.
主谓一致专项练习题 1. Either Jane or Steven _____ watching TV now.
A. isn’t B. is C. are’t D. are
21. If Bob's wife won't agree to go on holiday in winter, . A.neither he will B. neither won't he C. neither will he D. he won't neither 22. I haven't finished my homeworked yet. A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He hasn't either 23. “I'm going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow.” “ .” A. I am so B. So am I C. So go I D. So I go 24. You as well as he to blame(责备) for the accident(交通事故). A. are B. is C. have D. has 25. Neither my wife nor I myself able to teach my daughter to sing English songs. A. has been B. is C. are D. am
主谓一致练习题参考答案 (1).B (2). A (3). B (4). A (5).B (6).A (7).B (8). C (9). D (10). A (11).B (12).B (13).C (14). D (15).A (16).B (17).A (18).B (19).A (20) D (21).C (22). D (23). B (24). A (25). D
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