动词的时态和语态 1.(2011全国卷,23) Planing so far ahead ______ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year. A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made 答案 C 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义—到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense,后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程,故不选。因此选C。 2.(2011全国卷,24) I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite. A.was just being B.will just be C.had just been D.would just be 答案 A 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。”句前wasn’t sure表明说话的起点是过去时,was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的过去时。故选A。 3.(2011全国卷,29) When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ there. A.had been lying B.has been lying C.was lying D.has lain 答案 A 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时,她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时,苏醒前的情况是过去的过去,强调过去的过去里发生的事,故选A。 4.(2011全国卷II,9) If you don't like the drink you______just leave it and try a different one. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered 答案 A 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“如果你不喜欢你所点的饮料,就把它放那儿,试试另一种。”don't like the drink是现在时,点饮料是过去的动作,因此,用过去时或现在完成时,故选A。 5.(2011北京卷,21)Experiments of this kind ______ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 答案 D 解析: 考查动词时态和语态,句意为“就在二战爆发前,美国和欧洲都进行过这种实验。”首先考虑语态,主语experiment与conduct构成动宾关系,谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现the second war是过去的时间点,before the second war是过去的过去,因此使用过去完成时。选D。 6.(2011北京卷,23)Tom ______ in the library every night over the last three months. 答案 C 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“在过去的三个月里,Tom每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。”题干中出现的over the last three months,是明显提示用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。故选C。 7.(2011北京卷,27)——That must have been a long trip. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 答案 C 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“——那一定是长途旅行。——是的,我们花了整整一周时间才赶到那儿。”题干中must have done是对过去的肯定推测,提示时间在过去,描述过去的情况,排除A和B,D项was taking进行时态表将来,但事实上事情已发生,这与题意不符,因此选C。 8.(2011北京卷,32)——Bob has gone to California. A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave 答案B 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“——Bob已经去了加利福尼亚。——噢,你能告诉我他什么时候离开的?”Bob has gone to California,去的动作已经发生过,说明他离开的动作发生在过去,因此使用一般过去时。选B。 9.(2011天津卷,3)In the last few years thousands of films ______ all over the world. A.have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 答案 B 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“在过去的几年时间里,全世界制作了成千上万部电影。”in the last few years在过去的几年时间里,其实是从过去算到现在,是现在完成时的标志。选B。 10.(2011天津卷,4)On her next birthday, Ann ______ married for twenty years. A.is B.has been C.will be D.will have been 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“等到下次生日的时候,Ann结婚有二十年了。”her next birthday是将来的时间,for twenty years是个时间段。将来完成时表示持续到将来某时的动作或状态,故选D。 11.(2011上海春招,29)I’m sure you will do better in the test because you ______ so hard this year. 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩,因为这一年里你一直用功学习。”前半句I’m sure you will do better交代了时间起点是现在。because引起的状语从句不能用将来时,只能用现在时。this year今年,是个时间段。D项 have been studying表示一直持续到现在的动作,故用现在完成进行时。选D。 A. design B. are designed 答案 B 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时,常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。oral exams与design的关系存在着被动,故选B。 13.(2011山东卷,31) When I got on the bus, I_____I had left my wallet at home. A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize 答案 B 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“当我上了车后,我才意识到我把钱包落在家里了。”I had left my wallet at home发生在realized之前,前一句When I got on the bus给出的时间起点是过去时,故选B。 14.(2011山东卷,35) She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything! A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating 答案 B 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也;她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了!”“吃光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前,前一句交代了过去时间,因此选择过去的过去。故选B。 15.(2011江苏卷,21)——I hear you ____ in a pub. what’s it like? A.are working B.will work C.were working D.will be working 答案 A 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“——我听说你在酒吧里上班,这份工作怎么样?——咳,这是份辛苦活,老感到累,不过我不介意。”对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班,用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。故选A。 16.(2011江苏卷,23)——Tommy is planning to buy a car. A. saves B .saved C.will save D. will have saved 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“——Tommy将计划买车。——我知道,到下个月为止,他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month是将来完成时的标志,全句表示在将来next month之前完成“积攒足够钱”的动作,对将来的时间next month产生影响,能买一辆旧车。故选D。 17.(2011福建卷,32)Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they ______ from China. A.receive B.are receiving C.have received D.had received 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“上个月,日本政府对来自于中国的援助表示了感谢。”expressed是过去时,接受中国的援助发生在expressed之前,是过去的过去,故用过 18.(2011安徽卷, 32)——I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk? A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed 答案 B 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“——我并没有要这份名单。为什么我的桌子上放着这东西?——这是我刚刚放的,以备你需要。”I didn’t ask for和I put it there just now都表示过去的动作,很有迷惑性,但Why has it landed on my desk?是到说话时为止的情况,名单在桌面上。现在完成时表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作,故选B。 19. (2011浙江卷,15) The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant______in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly. A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given 答案 C 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“经理担心着他的助手代替他所举办的新闻发布会。幸运的是,一切进展顺利。”was worried about和everything was going on smoothly都是过去时,排除B选项。经理担心的时候正是助手举办新闻发布会之时,过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作,排除表示过去完成时的D选项。A选项gave表示过去的动作发生过,这与后面everything was going on smoothly不符,因为事情还在进展中,故选C。 20.(2011四川卷,9)All visitors to this village _________ with kindness. A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 答案 B 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。”表示经常性或习惯性的动作,用一般现在时。来访者与招待存在着被动关系。由于没有交代过去时间,had been treated过去的过去不能用。因此选B。 21.(2011四川卷,19)——What a mistake! A.was suggesting B.will suggest C.would suggest D.had suggested 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“——多么严重的错误呀!——是的,我曾经建议他换个方法做,但他没听。”他犯错误发生在过去,我提建议发生在他犯错误之前,是过去的过去,故用过去完成时。这里不是再现当时提建议的情景,故不用was suggesting。选D。 22.(2011重庆卷,21)That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who _________the piano upstairs? A. has played B. played C. plays D. is playing 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“那首乐曲听起来相当熟悉。是谁在楼上弹钢琴?”在听的过程中才发出谁在弹钢琴的疑问,sound用的是现在时,交代的时间是现在,故选D。 A.seemed B.seems C.had seemed D.is seeming 答案 B 24.(2011陕西卷,12)His first novel ______ good reviews since it came out last month. 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“他的第一本小说自上个月出版以来受到了好评。”since自从…以来,引导含有过去时的从句时,主句用现在完成时。故选D。 25.(2011湖南卷,22)——John, what ______in your hand? A had you held B are you holding C do you hold D will you hold 答案 B 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“——John,你手里拿的是什么?——看,这是给我奶奶的生日礼物。”两人对话以现在时间为参考点,现在(说话人说话时) 对方hold这个动作正在发生,故用现在进行时。选B。 26.(2011湖南卷,27) In 1492, Columbus_______ on one of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India. A. lands B. landed C. has landed D.had landed 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“在1492年,哥伦布登上了巴哈马群岛,但他误以为是印度的岛屿。”in 1492是过去时的标志,后面叙述的是在这一年里发生的事情。题目没有明确说明“登陆”是发生在“误解”之前的动作,因此,这两个行为都统一在1492年里,排除D,故选B。 27.(2011湖南卷,30)It is the most instructive lecture that I ________ since I came to this school A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“自从我到这个学校以来,这是我所听到的最有教育意义的演讲。”since自从…以来,引导过去时的从句时,主句用现在完成时。选D。 28.(2011湖南卷,34)In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ______ by scentists. A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“在不久的将来,科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。”in the near future表明了将来的时间,more advances与 make主谓关系上存在着被动,故选D。 29. (2011辽宁卷,28) I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ______. A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing 答案 B 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我一完成眼下正在做的事情就去图书馆。”主句是将来时,时间状语从句用现在时。finish与选项C的have done矛盾,故选B。 30.(2011辽宁卷,34) By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ______ from college. A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated 答案 D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“当杰克从英国返回家时,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。”by the time到…时候为止,一般与完成时连用。选D。 31.(2011江西卷30)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody _____ into the office during the night. A.broke B. had broken C.has broken D.was breaking 答案:B 解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我们在早晨到达工作地点时,发现有人在前一天晚上闯进了我们的办公室。”两个时间点,“有人闯进了办公室”发生在“我们到达”之前,是过去的过去,用过去完成时,选B。 |
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