中考英语句型转换考点
句型转换题主要考查同学们的语言基础知识、句子的构成、变化、运用等，特点是规律性强、灵活性小。旨在考查考生用不同的方法和句型结构来表达相同、相近或相反的语意的能力，培养灵活运用语言的技巧。
从题型上看，句型转换可分两大类：一是按要求改写句子。即按照指定要求将原句改写成其他形式的句子，如陈述句改为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句、感叹句，肯定句改为否定句，复合句改为简单句或简单句改为复合句等。另一类是同义句、近义句的转换，即要求用不同的句型，不同的语言手段表达相同的思想。举例如下：
【考点诠释】
一、肯定句改为否定句
在做此类题时，通常在系动词、助动词和情态动词后加not
(n't)。如果句中没有这些词，则根据谓语动词的原形、第三人称单数动词形式或过去式而分别在其前面加do not (don't), does not
(doesn't) 或did not (didn't), 并将第三人称单数动词形式或过去式改为原形。如：
We can finish the work
this afternoon. →We can't finish the work this afternoon.
They put the basket
under the tree just now. →They didn't put the basket under the tree just
now.
注意：1. 当think, believe,
suppose等动词后面跟宾语从句时，通常用否定主句谓语动词来达到否定从句谓语动词的目的。如：
I think they can come
tonight. →I don't think they can come tonight.
2.
当must表示推测，表示“一定；肯定”的含义时，否定句应用can't。如：
He must be in the room. →He can't be in
the room.
二、陈述句改为疑问句
陈述句改为疑问句一般有三种情况：一是改为一般疑问句，二是改为反意疑问句。如:
1. The
students had learned about 1,000 English words by the end of last term.
（改为一般疑问句） →Had the students learned about 1,000 English words by the end of last
term?
2. The twins have never been to the Summer Palace, have they?
（完成反意疑问句）
三、对划线部分提问。
对划线部分提问，就是用一个合适的疑问词去替代句中的某一成分，使之成为一个特殊疑问句。当对主语或主语的定语提问时，用陈述句语序。对定语提问时，所修饰的名词应放在疑问词后。对其他成分提问，用“疑问词+一般疑问句语序”。如：
1.
Tom will be back in ten days. （对划线部分提问） →Who will be back in ten days?
2. He
writes to his father once a month. （对划线部分提问） →How often does he write to his
father?
四、同义句改写
1．根据句意改写
主要考查学生对句意的理解和用一个词或一种结构来概括上句的意思的综合能力。如：
1.
Li Hua and Zhang Ming are the same age.
Li Hua is _________ _________
_________ Zhang Ming.
【答案】as old / young
as。第一句的意思是“李华和张明同岁”，第二句是说“李华和张明年纪一样大”。
2. How many people live in France?
_________ _________ the population of France?
【答案】What
is。第一句的意思是“法国有多少人?”第二句的意思是“法国的人口有多少?”
3. The runner fell behind the others
though he did what he could.
The runner _________ to keep up with the others
though he _________ his _________.
【答案】failed; tried;
best。第一句意思是：虽然这名赛跑选手尽了全力，但还是落在了别人的后面。第二句的意思是：虽然这名赛跑选手尽了全力，但还是跟不上别人。
4. Before
talking, he told me his name and I told him my name .
We _________ _________
_________ _________ before talking.
【答案】told each other’s
names。第一句意思是：谈话前，他告诉了我他的名字，我也告诉他我的名字。第二句的意思是：谈话前，我们相互告知了对方的名字。
5. She has
been away from Shanghai for over one year.
More than one year has _________
since she _________ Shanghai.
【答案】passed;
left。第一句的意思是：她离开上海已经一年多了。第二句的意思是：自从她离开上海，一年多已经过去了。
6. Walk along the street,
then take the third crossing on the right.
Walk down the street, then
_________ _________ at the third crossing.
【答案】turn
right。两句都是告知他人去某地的路线的常用语，其句意都是：沿着这条街走，然后在第三个拐弯处右转。
2．利用从句改写
即运用关系代词、关系副词或从属连词改写。如：
1.
The man is talking with a lady. He gave us a talk last week.
The man
_________ gave us a talk last week _________ _________ with a lady.
【答案】who /
that; is talking。定语从句who / that gave us a talk last week修饰先行词the man。
2. He
didn’t want to miss the first bus, so he got up early.
He got up early
_________ _________ he could catch the first bus.
【答案】so that。目的状语从句so that
he could catch the first bus说明动词got up early的目的。
3. “Did you sleep well last
night?” David asked her.
David asked her _________ _________ _________ well
last night.
【答案】if / whether she
slept。直接引语转换成间接引语时，如果直接引语是一般疑问句时，连接词要用if或whether，句子保持陈述句的语序。
4. Come on, or
we’ll miss the early bus.
_________ we _________ hurry, we’ll miss the early
bus.
【答案】 If; don’ t。if
引导条件状语从句。句意为：如果我们还不快一点，我们就赶不上头班车了。
祈使句与条件状语从句的相互转换。
5. John will go to bed
after he finished his homework.
John _________ to bed _________ he finished
his homework.
【答案】didn’t; until。not…until表示“直到……才”的意思。
3．利用so do
I改写
“so＋动词＋主语”结构，表示肯定，译为“某人(物) 也如此”。“neither／nor ＋动词＋主语”结构表示否定， 译为“某人(物)
也不……”。这两种结构指前一句所说的情况同样也适合另一个人或物。转换时应注意四点：
1.）动词指助动词、be动词或情态动词；
2.）动词在时态上与前句呼应；
3.）动词在数上要与本句主语保持一致；
4.）表示否定时，neither／nor本身具有否定意义，动词要用肯定形式。
1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.
Jim
wants to go boating, and _________ _________ his parents.
【答案】so do。主语是复数his
parents, 时态是一般现在时，助动词用do。
2. I like playing tennis. He likes playing tennis,
too.
I like playing tennis, _________ _________ he.
【答案】so
does。主语是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，助动词用does。
4．利用连词改写
运用关联连词(组) both...and,
neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also, as well
as等，可将并列句或两个句子合并为一个简单句，注意neither...nor, either...or, not only...but
also作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。
1. Lucy can’t sing the English song Yesterday Once
More. And Lily can’t sing it, either.
_________ Lucy_________ Lily can sing
the English song Yesterday Once More.
【答案】Neither; nor。neither...nor表示 “(两者)
都不”。
2. My father isn’t a history teacher. My mother isn’t a history
teacher, either.
_________ my father _________ my mother _________ a history
teacher.
【答案】Neither; nor; is。neither …nor…
作句子的主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，与最邻近的那个名词或代词保持数的一致。
3. Alice has seen the film twice.
Sandy has seen it twice, too.
_________ Alice_________ Sandy have seen the
film twice.
【答案】Both; and。both…and 表示“(两者)都”。
4. This store sells men’s
shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.
This store sells _________ _________
men’s shoes _________ _________ men’s clothes.
【答案】not only; but also。not
only...but also示“不仅……而且”之意。
5．利用介词短语改写
1. We have friends in the whole
world.
Our friends are _________ _________ the world.
【答案】all
over。固定词组all over表示“遍及”之意。
2. It’s a long time since we met last.
We
haven’t seen each other _________ _________.
【答案】for long。for
long意为“很长一段时间”。
3. He walks to school every day.
He goes to school
_________ _________ every day.
【答案】on foot。固定词组on foot意为“步行”。
4. Tom had
no time for breakfast. He went to school in a hurry.
Tom _________ to school
_________ breakfast.
【答案】went; without。介词without有“没有，不(带) ”之意。
5. I met
one of my friends when I was going to the museum.
_________ _________
_________ to the museum I met an old friend of mine.
【答案】On my way。介词短语on
one’s way to… 表示“在某人去……的路上”的意思。
6．利用不定式改写
1. The foreigners want to know
how they can learn Chinese Kongfu well.
The foreigners want to know
_________ _________ learn Chinese Kongfu well.
【答案】how to。不定式与特殊疑问词what,
when, where, how, which, whether连用构成不定式复合结构，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
2. She was
so weak that she couldn’t take care of her baby.
She was _________ weak
_________ take care of her baby.
【答案】too; to。原句意思是：她身体太弱，不能照顾孩子。too…to …
句型表示“太……以致于(不能)……”之意。
3. She seems to be worried now.
_________ _________
that she _________ worried now.
【答案】It seems; is。固定句型 It seems / seemed that
sb… 可替换成sb seems / seemed to …，表示“某人看起来……”。
4. He was so happy that he
couldn’t say a word when he was told the news.
He was _________ happy
_________ say a word when he was told the news.
【答案】too; to。too…to…
表示“太……而不能……”之意。
5. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn’t skate
on it.
The ice on the lake was not _________ enough _________people _________
_________ _________ it.
【答案】thick; for; to skate on。形容词或副词+enough +to do
sth,意为“足够……以致于能够……”，用来替换“so…that+结果状语从句”。
6. In China we build the Great
Green Wall so that the wind won’t blow the earth away.
In China we build
the Great Green Wall _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________
the earth away.
【答案】to stop the wind from
blowing。不定式作目的状语。
7．利用时态改写
中考同义句改写中涉及的时态间的相互转换主要是针对一般过去时与现在完成时两种时态间的转换而言的，应特别注意非延续性动词的用法。如：
1.
The film began 20 minutes ago.
The film has been _________ _________ 20
minutes.
【答案】on for。短暂动词begin，在此意为“(电影) 开始(放映、上演)
”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将begin 改成be up。has been提示时态是现在完成时态， “for+时间段”
表示“持续(一段时间) ”，常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。摘自中考英语网
2. Sam’s grandfather died 10 years ago.
Sam’s grandfather has been _________ _________ 10 years.
【答案】dead
for。短暂动词die，意为“死亡”，不能与延续性时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将短暂动词die改为be dead。
3. My grandpa
joined the Party thirty years ago.
My grandpa _________ _________ _________
the Party for thirty years.
【答案】has been
in。短暂动词join，意为“参加，加入(组织，政党)”，不能与延续性时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将join 改成be in 或be a member
in…。
4. I got up half an hour ago.
I _________ _________ up for half an
hour.
【答案】have been。短暂动词get up，意为“起床”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将get up 改成be
up。
5. Three years has passed since the students came to this school.
The
students have _________ _________ this school for three years.
【答案】been
in。与原句意思一致，“学生在这所学校里已3年了”。
8．利用语态改写
通过改变主语，主动语态与被动语态之间可进行同义句转换，特别要注意时态、情态动词的用法。如：
1.
People grow rice in the south of China.
Rice_________ _________ in the south
of China.
【答案】is grown。rice作主语，助动词用一般现在时的单数形式is。
2. Everyone should give
back his library books on time.
Library books should _________
_________ on time.
【答案】be given back。被动句中含有情态动词should，因此助动词用be。
3. It is
widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.
Computers
_________ widely _________ in the world today.
【答案】are;
used。computers是复数名词作主语，助动词用are，且句子用被动语态。
4. We must keep the noise level
under 50dbs(分贝).
The noise level must _________ _________ under 50dbs.
【答案】be kept。被动句中含情态动词must，因此助动词用be。
5. Do they grow rice in
autumn?
rice in autumn?
【答案】Is; grown。不可数名词rice作主语,
助动词用单数is，一般疑问句的助动词置于句首。
6. We call maths the language of science.
Maths
_________ _________ the language of science.
【答案】is
called。主语maths虽然是以s结尾，但并不是名词的复数，因此助动词仍用单数is。
9．利用反义词改写
用反义词或词组加上否定词表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词、词组的积累和换位思维的能力。如：
1.
The boy lent a story-book to Tom just now.
Tom _________ a story-book
_________ the boy just now.
【答案】borrowed;
from。borrow…from意为“从……借来”；而lend…to意为“向……借出”，两个词组正好为一组反义词组，当句子的主语变化时，两个词组可以进行互换。
2.
The factory is not far from here. It only takes you ten minutes by bike.
The
factory is _________here. It’s only ten minutes’_________.
【答案】near;
bike-ride。not far的意思是“不远，近”，可用形容词near与之转换。
3. I think music is less
interesting than P.E.
I _________think music is _________interesting than
P.E.
【答案】don’t; more。less interesting的意思是“没有 / 不及……有趣”，与之相反more
interesting的意思是“(比) ……更有趣”。 语言现象“否定的转移”要求将think后面宾语从句中的否定形式转移到think 上。
4. The
bike under the tree is different from this one.
The bike under the tree isn’t
the _________ _________this one.
【答案】same as。the same as意为“与……相同”，而反义词组 be
different from
意为“与……不同”。
10．利用同义词改写
用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意替换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如：
1.
They could see icebergs here and there.
They could see icebergs
_________.
【答案】everywhere。everywhere与here and there都有“到处”之意。
2. Mrs Green
always takes good care of the children in the school.
Mrs Green always
_________ _________ the children well in the school.
【答案】looks after。take
good care of 与look after…well都有“好好照顾”之意。
3. Lin Tao is good at
physics.
Lin Tao_________ _________ in physics.
【答案】does well。be good
at与do well in都有“在……(方面) 做得好，擅长于……”之意。
4. I like Backstreet Boys. But he likes
F4 better.
He_________ F4_________ Backstreet Boys.
【答案】prefers,
to。词组prefer A to B 意为“选择A(而不选择B)；比起 B 来，更喜欢A”。
5. Mother is ill. Send for a
doctor right away.
Mother is ill. Send for a doctor _________
_________.
【答案】at once。right away与at once 都有“马上”之意。
6. They enjoyed
themselves at the garden party.
They _________ _________ _________ _________
at the garden party.
【答案】had a good time。enjoy oneself同have a good
time都有“玩得很高兴，愉快”之意。
[济南]Ⅷ． 改写句子 按括号内的要求改写下列句子, 每个空格填一个单词．(10分)
96．
They had lunch at school yesterday． (改写否定句 )
They _________ ___________lunch
at school yesterday．
97． Tom visits the Science Museum every year．
(就划线部分提问)
__________ ___________Tom ___________every year?
98．． The
building near the Tea House is the People’s Hospital．(就划线部分提问)
_________
________is the People‘s Hospital?
99． "Are you going to watch the football
match next Sunday?" Father asked me． (改为复合句)
Father asked me ______ ______
_________going to watch the football match the next Sunday．
100． They van
hardly decide what they will do next． (改写句子, 句意不变)
_____________
_____________ for them to decide what _________ ________nest．
101． The light
in the room was so weak that the doctor wasn’t able to operate ． (改写句子,
句意不变)
The doctor _________do the _________ ___________ such bad light inside
the room．
102． Thy don‘t often hear the twins sing the song in the school
．(改写句子, 句意不变)
__________of the twins ___________often heard ________sing the
song in the school．
96．didn’t have 97．What does ,visit
99．if I was
100．It‘s difficult/hard, to do
101．couldn’t, operation in 102． Neither, is ,
to
[重庆]67．There are some new students in our school this
term．(改为否定句)
There _______ _______ new students in our school this
term.
68．The students don’t have much time to play with their
friends．(改为反义疑问句)
The students don’t have much time to play with their
friends, ________ ________?
69．Maria and Jane have waited at the airport for
two hours．(对划线部分提问)
________ _________ have Maria and Jane waited at the
airport?
70．The questions are very easy．The children can understand
them．(合并为一句)
The questions are _________ ________ for the children to
understand．
71．(课改实验区考生做)
Jim left Chongqing 3 days ago because of his
new work．(改为同义句)
Jim has ________ ________ from Chongqing for 3 days because
of his new work．
(非课改实验区考生做)
The film began about 20 minutes ago．You are
late．(改为同义句)
The film has ________ ________ for about 20 minutes．You are
late．
67．aren’t, any／are no 68．do they 69．How long 70．easy enough／not
difficult
71．① been away ② been on
【语法过关】
1. Li Lei does his
homework at seven. (改为否定句)
Li Lei ________ ________ his homework at seven.
2. His sister had lunch at school yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
_________ his
sister _________ lunch at school yesterday?
3. Lucy’s just come back from
the USA. (改为反意疑问句)
Lucy’s just come back from the USA, ________ ________?
4. He was very tired. He couldn’t do anything. (改为同义句)
He was ________
tired _________ do anything.
5. It was windy yesterday.
(对句子划线部分提问)
________ was the _________ like yesterday?
6. He likes the
book. So does she. (改为简单句，使句意不变)
________ he _______ she ________ the book.
7. Hurry up, or we’ll be late.(改为复合句)
________ we ________ hurry, we’ll
be late.
8. The film is very interesting. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ the
film is!
9. The box was so heavy that she couldn’t carry it. (改为简单句)
The
box was ________ heavy ________ her ________ carry.
10. Is the earth round?
The little boy asked. (合并为宾语从句)
The little boy asked ________ the earth
________ round.
11. Jim runs faster than any other boy in the class.
(改为同义句)
Jim runs ______ _______ in his class.
12. Where did they grow
vegetables? (改为被动语态)
Where ________ vegetables ________ ?
13. The boy is
very strong, and he can carry the heavy box. (合并为一句，使句意不变)
The boy is
_________ _________ _________ carry the heavy box.
14. I don’t know when we
shall leave for Nanjing. (改为简单句)
I don’t know when ______ ________ for
Nanjing.
15. Li Lei received a letter from his parents yesterday.
(改为同义句)
Li Lei ________ _________ his parents
yesterday.
【参考答案】
1.【解析】此题的要求是改为否定句，原句是一般现在时，且主语是第三人称单数，句中的does是行为动词，所以第一空应填doesn’t；而第二空则把does还原成do。
2.【解析】先弄清原句的时态，had和yesterday都可表明原句时态为一般过去时，所以改为一般疑问句时，须在主语前加助动词did，had还原成have。故正确答案为：Did,
have
3.【解析】原句的时态为现在完成时，Lucy’s是Lucy has 的缩写形式，陈述部分是肯定形式，Lucy为女名，所以正确答案为：hasn’t
she
4.【解析】原句意为“他太累了，他什么也不能做。”把两句合并为一句时，根据所给的空格我们可用“too…to…(太……以致于不能……)”结构表达相同的意思。故答案为：too,
to，但须注意此句不能用so…that 结构，除非把句子改为He was so tired that he couldn’t do
anything.
5.【解析】句中的划线部分windy是一个表天气状况的形容词，那么询问天气的句式是“What’s the weather like
today?(今天天气怎样？)”。所以答案为：What,
weather
6.【解析】原句意为“他喜欢这本书，她也是。”根据题目要求句意不变，那么我们可以说“他和她都喜欢这本书。”在英语中表达“两者都”可用Both…and
…来表示。主语是并列主语，所以第三空为like。
7.【解析】原句是由并列连词or 引导的并列句，只须把祈使句Hurry
up改为以if引导的条件状语从句即可。答案为：If, don’t
8.【解析】感叹句的句式为How + adj. + 主语 + 谓语！或 What (a
/ an) + adj. + n. + 主语+ 谓语！根据所给的空格，应用第一种感叹句式。正确答案为：How
interesting
9.【解析】so…that…句型是一个复合句，若that从句表示否定的，可用too…to结构改成一个简单句，但注意动词不定式的逻辑主语应在不定式前加for
sb。故答案为：too, for, to
10.【解析】一般疑问句作宾语从句时须加连接词if
或whether，当宾语从句表示客观真理或客观事实时，时态不随主句的时态而变化，仍然用一般现在时。故答案为：if / whether,
is
11.【解析】原句意为“吉姆比班里其他任何男孩跑得快。”言外之意，吉姆是班里跑得最快的。此题是由比较级转换成最高级。故正确答案为：the
fastest
12.【解析】被动语态的结构为be +
vt.p.p.(及物动词的过去分词)，原句时态为一般过去时，句子主语vegetables为复数，所以be用were，第二空用grow的过去分词grown。
13.【解析】原句意为：这男孩非常有力，他能提起那个重盒子。合并为一句时，我们可用adj.(形容词)
+ enough to 或so + adj. + that从句来改写。根据所给的空格，故正确答案为：strong enough to. 但如果用so …
that改写，句子应该是这样：The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy
box.
14.【解析】原句是一个含宾语从句的复合句，当主句谓语动词为know,
decide等时，且宾语从句是一个特殊疑问句，我们可用疑问词+不定式来改写。故答案为：to leave
15.【解析】在英语中，往往一个句子有多种表达法，在平时的学习中同学们要尽可能地把一些词义在用法上相似的单词或短语组合起来，加深记忆，使之不易混淆。句中的received
a letter from就相当于heard from。
