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 Bill Mollison 在《Introduction to Permaculture》里的自序
I grew up in a small village in Tasmania. Everything that we needed we
made. We made our own boots, our own metal works; We made fish, grew food, made
bread. I didn’t know anybody who lived there who had only one job, or even
anything that you could define as a job. Everybody worked at several things.
我在塔斯马尼亚的一个小村庄里长大。我们需要的一切都是我们自己做。我们做了我们自己的靴子，我们自己的金属作品;我们自己养鱼，自己种食物，做面包。我所知道的居住在这里的人几乎没有一个是只有一份工作的，哪怕其中任意一件事情你都可以把它定义为一个工作。可以说这里的每个人都是身兼几职的。
Until I was about 28, I lived in a sort of dream. I spent most of my time in the bush or on the sea. I fished, Ihunted for my living. It wasn’t until the 1950s that I noticed large parts ofthe system in which I lived were disappearing. Fish stocks started to collapse.Seaweed around the shorelines had thinned out. Large patches of the forestbegan to die. I hadn’t realised until then that I had become very fond of them,that I was in love with my country.
直到我28岁左右，我还活在一种梦想般的摇篮之中。我在丛林中或在海上度过了我的大部分时间。钓鱼和登山是我的生活方式。但直到20世纪50年代，我才开始注意到在我住的地方，大部分体系正在逐渐消失。鱼类开始匮乏。周围海岸线的海藻已经变得稀薄了。森林开始大片大片的消亡。我直到那时才意识到，我已经变得很喜欢他们了，关于那片我所爱的故土。
After many years as a scientistwith the CSIRO Wildlife Survey Section and with the Tasmanian Inland FisheriesDepartment, I began to protest against the political and industrial systems Isaw were killing us and the world around us. But I soon decided that it was nogood persisting with opposition that in the end achieved nothing. I withdrewfrom society for two years; I did not want to oppose anything ever again andwaste my time. I wanted to come back only with something very positive,something that would allow us all to exist without the wholesale collapse ofbiological systems.
作为一位科学家，经过多年在CSIRO的野生动物调查组的工作，以及与塔斯马尼亚内陆渔业部门合作的机会，我开始抗议政治和工业系统，我看到他们正在扼杀着我们及我们周边的世界。但我却很快就做出了一个判定，这样做并不是可以长期持续的方式，反对到最后也是一事无成的。我从社会里退出了两年，从此以后也不想再反对什么，这样是在浪费我的时间。我想回过头来，让事情只朝着正面的方向发展，让我们能在满足所需的前提下生存下去，同时又建立起一个不被崩溃的生态系统。
In 1968 I began teaching at the Universityof Tasmania, and in 1974, David Holmgren and I jointly evolved a framework fora sustainable agricultural system based on a multi-crop of perennial trees,shrubs, herbs (vegetables and weeds), fungi, and root systems, for which Icoined the word “permaculture”. We spent a lot of time working out theprinciples of permaculture and building a species-rich garden. This culminated,in 1978, in the publication of Permacultureone.
1968年我开始任教于塔斯马尼亚大学，并于1974年，大卫Holmgren和我共同发展了一个可持续的农业系统的模型，基于多样性作物，如多年生的乔木，灌木，草本（蔬菜和杂草），真菌，及根系等共同维系的系统里，我创造了这个词“朴门永续农业”。我们花了很长时间制定出朴门永续设计的原则，建设一个物种丰富的花园。随着我们日渐积累到1978年，我们出版了第一本书《朴门永续设计之一》。
Public reaction to permaculturewas mixed. The professional community was outraged, because we were combiningarchitecture with biology, agriculture with forestry, and forestry with animalhusbandry, so that almost everybody who considered themselves to be aspecialist felt a bit offended. But the popular response was very different.Many people had been thinking along the same lines. They were dissatisfied withagriculture as it is now practiced, and were looking towards more natural,ecological systems. 公众对朴门永续设计的反应是各不相同的。各方面的专家们感到非常愤怒，因为我们将建筑学与生物学，农业与林业，林业与畜牧业相结合的架构，几乎使每一个认为自己是这方面专家的学者们觉得有点被冒犯。但大众流行的反应却截然不同。许多人也一直沿着同样的思路在思考。他们也不满现行的农业，因此也展望着更自然，更生态的系统。
As I saw permaculture in the1970s, it was a beneficial assembly of plants and animals in relation to humansettlements, mostly aimed towards household and community self-reliance, andperhaps as a “commercial endeavor” only arising from a surplus from thatsystem.
正如我看到永续农业在20世纪70年代的发展，它是有益于将植物、动物与人类住区集合起来的共生系统，主要目的是为了使家庭和社区能够自力更生，也许此时作为一种“商业行为”在该系统里，只是通过仅有的剩馀生产和价值来体现。
However, permaculture has come tomean more than just food-sufficiency in the household. Self-reliance in food ismeaningless unless people have access to land, information, and financialresources. So in recent years it has come to encompass appropriate legal andfinancial strategies, including strategies for land access, business structures,and regional self-financing. This way it is a whole human system.
然而，“朴门永续”如今已经不仅仅意味着食物方面的自给自足了。若只是生产出自足的食品是没有更多意义的，除非人们能够获得土地，信息和财政资源。因此近年来它已经到了包括适当的法律和财务战略，包括土地使用权，业务结构和区域自负盈亏的策略。这样的发展方式，是一个完整的人类系统。
By 1976, I was lecturing onpermaculture, and in 1979 I resigned from my teaching position and threw myselfat an advanced age into an uncertain future. I decided to do nothing else butto try to persuade people to build good biological systems. I designed quite afew properties, and existed for a while by catching fish and pulling potatoes.In 1981 the first graduates of a standard permaculture design course alsostarted to design permaculture systems in Australia. 到1976年，我开始朴门永续课程的讲授，但于1979年，我辞退了教学职务，将自己投身于一个从先进迈向不确定未来的时代。我决定什么都不要做，而是试图说服人们建立良好的生物系统。在一段时间通过捕鱼和拔土豆为生的生活里，我设计了很多具有可行性能和可生存发展的模式。在1981年，一个正式学习了朴门永续设计课程，并成为首届毕业生的朴门设计师也开始在澳大利亚设计朴门永续系统。
Today there are over 300,000 suchgraduates throughout the world, all involved in some aspect of environmentaland social work.
如今，已有超过30万这样的毕业生遍布世界各地，他们已涉及环境和社会等各方面的工作。 Bill Mollison 比尔·莫利森 发布方：朴门设计师手册 微信公众号：permaculture_
更多设计实案及学习分享，敬请关注更新。
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