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2. this part of the body of an animal, used as food 动物的颈部（做食用） 3. the part of a garment for this part of the human body 衣领 neck and neck不分上下；并驾齐驱；不分胜负；肩并肩地 necklace [5neklIs] n. 项链 need [nI:d] 1. vt. to have a need for; want for some useful purpose; lack; require 需要 2. aux. v. to have to必须 3. n. a) (+of/for)a/the condition of lacking or wanting something necessary or very useful缺少；缺乏；需要 b) (+for) (a ) necessary duty; what must be done; obligation责任；义务 c) (pl.)something necessary to have必需品 in (good/great) need of (很)需要 [句型] a) There is (no) need to do sth. 有（没有）做某事的必要 b) needn’t have done sth.表示 过去本不必做某事(但实际上做了) [用法] a)need作及物动词,作 需要解, 后面常跟名词(代词), 不定式或v-ing形 式, 与普通实义动词一样，有人称，数和时态的变化,其否定形式要借助 于助动词do的各种形式。其后跟v-ing形式作宾语,v-ing为主动形式,却 表示被动意思, 相当于不定式的被动式, 这时v-ing 和主语之间有动宾 关系(want, require也有这一用法).。 b)need 作情态动词, 后面跟动词原形, 通常用于否定句, 疑问句, 条件句, whether(if) 名词从句或含否定意义的肯定句中, 此时,它无人称, 数的 变化, 其否定是否定其本身, 即needn’t . 引导疑问句时,肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn’t。 needle [5nI:dl] n. a long metal pin used in sewing for pulling thread, with a sharp point at one end and a hole in the other end for the thread 针; 缝针 as sharp as a needle 非常敏锐 neighbo(u)r[5neib[] n.[C] one of 2 or more people that are near one another 邻居; 邻人 neither[5]naiT[ 1. pron. (sometimes used after a Pronoun) not one and not the other of two (有时用于代词之后)两者都不 （作主语时，句子谓语动词常用 单数形式，间或可用复数形式） 2. conj. (used before the first of two or more choices which are expressed by like noun phrases, verb phrases, etc., separated by nor) not either（用于被nor分开的名词、短语或动词短语等两个以上的选择之 前）既不； 也不 (neither ...匼plainnor匼plain 连接句子中两个 同等成分，若连接两个主语， 谓语动词与靠近它的主语人称数相一致。) 3. adj. not one and not the other of 2 两者都不（修饰单数名词。Neither 同所修饰的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。） 4. adv. (used in answer to or in addition to an expression or sentence with no, not, never, etc.) nor; no more; also not用于回答否定 句或加于否定句）也不（放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适合于另 一个人或事物，句子要倒装。句型为neither + be / 助动词/情态动 词 + 主语。） [辨析] neither, either, both neither和 either作形容词，后修饰的名词都 是单数。 both表示“两者都”， 修饰的名词是复数形式。 neither...nor... 既不.....也不...; 两者都不; either... or....或者... 或者.. ; both... and ... 两者都 nephew[5nefjU(:), 5nevjU(:)] n. 1.the son of ones brother or sister侄儿; 外甥 2.the son of ones wives or husbands brother or sister 姻侄; 姻甥 nervous [5n[:v[s]adj. 1.a) excited and anxious; worried焦虑的;担忧的 b) of or resulting from this kind of condition 紧张的; 不安的 c) (of a person)easily excited and worried (指人)神经质的; 易紧张的 2. of or related to the nervous system of the body, or to the feelings神经系统的 3.(+of)(Br. E)slightly afraid; timid(英)害羞的;胆怯的 nervously adv. nervousness n. feel nervous about/ at sth. 因某事而坐立不安 make someone nervous 使人心烦；使人担忧 [辨析] nervous, anxious, upset： nervous指对正在发生的事情紧张、害怕； anxious指对可能发生的事情担心、焦虑； upset指对已经发生的事情（不 是大的事）不安、难过。 net [net] n. a material of strings, wires, threads, etc. tied or woven together with regular equal spaces between them网；网状物 a fishing net渔网 cast ones net撒网 network [5netw[:k] n. 网络系统 never [5nev[]adv. 1. not ever; not at any time从未；未曾；决不 2.not (常用于短语never so much as 和never do中以及命令句中)不； 不要 never mind （=Don' t worry; Don’t pay any attention to what has just been said） 不要紧，没关系 ant. always [用法]never作为否定副词，放在句首，句子要倒装，即用句型： Never + do/does/did/will/can + 主语+谓语动词。 new [njU:]adj. 1.having begun or been made only a short time ago or before 新的；新近的 2.not used by anyone before.未用过的 3.being found or becoming known only now or recently in the past. 新发现的； 初为人知的 4.being in the stated position only a short time 新（加入）的 5.different; another不同的；另一 6.fresh新鲜的 new to (= just beginning to know about or do; still unfamiliar with/to) 不 熟悉的；陌生的；无经验的 new from (=freshly or recently arrived from)刚自......来到 newly adv. a)recently新近地 b) In a new, different way以一种新方式 newness n. news [njU:z] n. （U）new information新闻 a piece of news一条新闻，一则消息 some pieces of news（= some news）几条新闻 much news许多消息 the latest foreign (home) news最新国际（国内）消息 news desk新闻台 news that-从句：从句可以是同位语或定语；若在从句中充当成分则为定语从句， 否则是同位从句。 newspaper [5njU:s9peip[] n. 1.(C) (=paper) a paper printed and sold to the public usu. daily or weekly, with news, notices, advertisements, etc. 报纸 a daily newspaper每日发行的报纸 a newspaper reporter(=a newspaper man/woman) 新闻记者 an evening newspaper晚报 / read (a) newspaper看报 2. ( C ) a company which produces one or more of these papers 报社 3. (U) paper on which these have been printed印上新闻的纸 a piece of newspaper一张报纸 next [nekst] 1. adj. a)without anything coming before or between; nearest 最近的； 下一个的 2.(in time) the one after the one mentioned or after now; following; (without the) the one after this 次（日，周，月，年）；明（日，年）；（不用）不次的 the week after next下下星期 (the) next day(=the day after)次日 (比较：the other day = on a recent day 前几天) / next Sunday下星期天 3. adv. a)in the order, place etc., or at the time following nearest; just afterwards之后；下一步；其次 b)at the first time after this or that下次 4. prep. (= next to) in the closest place to 在近旁；在......隔壁 a seat next the fire火炉旁边的座位 next to 贴近；其次 next time下次 nice[nais] adj. 1.good; kind; well done or made; pleasant; pleasing 友善的；做得好的；漂亮的；令人愉快的 2.showing careful understanding or decision; fine; delicate需要 识别力的；精美的；精细的；细微的 nice to meet you (= nice meeting you)!见到您很高兴。 It's nice of you to do sth. 你能做某事真好。 be nice to sb.(= be good /kind to sb.)对某人好 nicely adv. a)well; in good, pleasant, or skilful way很好地 b)in an exact, fine, or delicate way精确地；细微地；精细地 niece [nI:s] n. 1. the daughter of ones brother or sister （兄弟姊妹的女儿）侄女；甥女 2. the daughter of ones wives or husbands brother or sister （夫或妻的兄弟姊妹的女儿）侄女；甥女 night [nait] n. 1.[C, U] the dark part of each day when the sun cannot be seen 夜晚；黑夜 2. [C, U] any of various parts of this period, 夜间 the evening黄昏 the period after bedtime深夜 the period before midnight 午夜以前 3.[C] an evening, considered as an occasion一晚（视为一场合） all night (long) (= right through the night without stopping)整夜 at night (= during the night/ at the end of the day)在夜间/在一天结束时 by night (= during the night)在夜间（与by day相对） have a good / bad night (=to sleep well/ badly)睡得好/不好 in the night (= at some time during the night)在夜里；在夜间 night after night (=regularly every night)每晚；夜夜 night and day/ day and night (= all the time)日日夜夜；夜以继日 from morning till night (= from dawn until dark)从早到晚地 nine [nain] num. the number between eight and ten nine times out of ten (= almost always)十次有九次；几乎都是；十之八九 nineteen [5naintIn] num. the number between eighteen and twenty talk, speak, etc., nineteen/ twenty/ forty to the dozen (= to talk quickly and continuously, never stopping) 哇啦哇啦地说个不停 ninety[5naitI] num. 九十 in ones nineties 在某人九十多岁时 ninth[nainW] num. 第九 no[n[U] I. adv.1.（in an answer to a statement, question, request, etc., expressing refusal or disagreement）(在回答语中表示拒绝或不同意)不；不是 2. (used for expressing great surprise) （表示极大惊讶）不会吧 3. (used before an adjective to give the opposite meaning to the phrase containing the adjective) （置于形容词前表与该形容词相反之意） 4.(before a Comparative adjective) not (any)置于比较级形容词前） 毫不；一点也不 no more than(=only)仅仅，只不过 no longer 不再(与not匼plain any longer, no more, not匼plain any more同义） 5. (after or) not（在or之后）否：You may not like it, but youll have to do it whether or no(= whether or not you like it)你也许不喜欢，但不管你喜不喜 欢，你都得做。 Like it or no, you’ll have to do it.不管你喜不喜欢，你都得做。 II. adj. 1.not a; not one; not any （修饰名词，单复数均可） in）no hurry(=willing to wait; not eager)不忙；不着急 no matter无论；不管 no doubt无疑地 no one没有人 2.(in formal commands, warnings, road signs, etc., expressing what is not allowed) 不准（用于正式的命令，警告，路牌等） No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No Parking! 禁止停车！ No spiting! 禁止吐痰！ No bare feet! 禁止裸足！ No bicycles against this wall! 禁止把脚踏车靠墙放！ 3.very little; hardly any极少 in no time (= very soon)不久，马上 [句型] a) No matter what / who/ when/where/how..., +主句：表示“无论何事， 无论何人，无论何时，无论何地，无论怎样”（用来引导让步状语从句） [注：No matter what 和 No matter who不能引导主语从句，要用 whatever和 whoever引导主语从句，表示“无论什么”，“无论谁”。 Whatever和 whoever 引导让步状语从句时可以和No matter what和 No matter who互换使用。] b) no sooner...than...刚......就...... [与hardly/scarcely ... when同义； 用 法一样：主句谓语动词用had +过去分词，从句谓语动词用一般过去时； no sooner/hardly/scarcely位于句首时，主句要倒装，即将助动词had 提到主语前。] noble[5n[Ubl] I. adj. 1.of high quality, esp. morally; deserving praise; worthy; unselfish 高尚的；崇高的 2.admirable in appearance; grand堂皇的；宏伟的 3.of or belonging to a high social rank with a title 贵族的；属于贵族的 II. n. (usu. pl.) a man of the highest and most powerful social class (通常为复数)贵族 nobleman/ noblewoman n.贵族 noble-minded adj.心地高尚的；有高尚情操的 nobody[5n[Ub[dI] pron.(同no one) not anybody; no person没有人；没一人；谁也不： nobody else (= no other person)没有其他人; nobody but sb. (= only sb.)只有某人 [注：nobody含有否定意义，用于肯定句中; 在否定句中，用anybody；作主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式；在反意疑问句中的陈述部分作主语时，附加疑间部分 的主语用they. no one 也一样；nobody后不接of短语，接of短语时用 none. ] nod[nCd] v. to bend (ones head) forward and down, esp. to show agreement or give a greeting or sign点头(表同意, 打招呼或示意) nod ones head点头; nod ones agreement点头表同意 ant. shake noise [nCiz] n. 1.[U; C] an unwanted or unpleasant sound 不悦耳的声音；噪音 make a noise发出响声 make a great noise发出很大响声 make a loud noise发出闹声 make no noise 没发出声音 2.[U] confused meaningless and continuing sound混乱，无意义，延 续的声音（尤其指：公共场所的喧哗声；收音机或电话等中的杂音或 静电干扰声） 3.[C]an unmusical sound that is difficult to describe or strange. 杂音 noisy adj.喧闹的；嘈杂的 noisily [5nCizI]adv.喧闹地 syn. sound , voice ant. silence; quiet [辨析]：a) noiseless, silent, quiet, still, calm : silent 主要用于人，指 “沉默的”、“不出声的”， 但不一定无活动。quiet指“安静的”、 “宁静的”， 强调“安静”， 没有干扰活动。 still指“不动的”、 “寂静的”， 强调“静止 的状态”，只限用于 物理上的安静，不用于 心理上的安静。 calm指“镇静的”、“平静的”，主要批人“沉着镇 定”，指自然“无风无浪”。 noiseless指“声音很轻的”、“无声的”， 常用来形容机器。 b) noise, sound, voice: 三者都有“声音”的意思。noise指“噪音”、 “吵闹声”， 通常指高声吵闹。 voice指“嗓音”， 指人说话或唱歌 的声音。 sound指人能听到的任何声音。 none [nQn] pron. 1. not any; no amount or part 毫无2.not any; not one (usu, of a group of more than 2. （用于三者或以上）无一； 没有一个人或物 [辨析] none, all...not, no one, neither: a) all....not作“并非全部”解，是 部分否定；none作“没有任何一个”解，是全部否定。 b)neither表示“两 者都不”，none用于三者或三者以上“都不”。 c) no one = nobody通常 不与of短语连用。none可以与of连用，也可不用；后接名词可以是单数， 也 可以为复数；作主语时， 谓语动词可用单数或复数，在侧重表示“所有 的......都不”时，多用复数，表示“其中一个也不.......时”, 用单数形 式。在回答how many... 提问时,否定回答用none;在回答 who提问时,否定 回答用 no one. noon [nU:n] n. the middle of the day; 12 o’clock in the daytime; midday 中午;正午 at noon 在中午 at the noon of life在壮年时 ant. midnight 午夜 nor [nC:]conj.1.(used between the two or more choices after neither) 也不; 也没有 neither...nor 匼plain 表示“既不...也不... , 可以用来连接句子中的两个同等成 分(连接两个主语时,谓语动词和靠近他的主语一致即就近原则), 也 可以连接两个句子(连接两个句子时,nor引导的句子要倒装); 2.(used before the 2nd, 3rd, etc. choices after not)and/or not 也不 not... nor叡硎尽癨plain不......也不”, 后接的分句要倒装; not...nor... nor匼plain 表示“ 既不......, 也不......, 又不.......”， 表示连 续否定几个事物. normal [5nC:m[l] n./adj. 1.according to what is expected, usual, or average 正常(的); 常态(的) 2.(of a person)developing in the expected way; without any disorder in mind or body (指人)正常发展(的);身心正常(的) above/ below normal标准以上/标准以下 return to normal 恢复正常 normal school 师范学校 normal temperature 正常体温 normal state正常状态 normally adv.正常地 [辨析] normal, common, ordinary, general, usual: 均有 普通之意, 但又各有 不同. normal 指人或物符合常态、常规；common 指符合或具有全体人或 物所共有的特征；ordinary指人或物符合一般标准，并无非凡或独特之处； general指较少例外，含有“普及”，“大众化”之意；usual指符合习惯 或常规制度，这种习惯可能是好习惯,也可能是恶习,但总之是司空见惯的。 north [nC:W] n. 1.(the direction of ) one of the 4 main points of the compass, which is on the left of a person facing the rising sun. 北；北方 north and south 南北各地 2.(of a wind) (coming from ) this direction （指风）北方； 来自北方 adv. towards the north 向北方 in the north of ... 在......北部（表示"在......范围之内"） to the north of ...在.......北方（表示"在......范围之外"） on the north of ...在.......北面（表示"在......范围之外, 又与之相邻"） North of A is/lies B： 某地(A)之北有某物(B) North China华北 North America 北美洲 up north 到北方；在北方（比较：down south 到南方；在南方） face north(= face to the north) 朝北 adj. 北方的；来自北方的 northern [5nC:T[n]adj. northerner n. northeast n./adj. northwest n./adj. nose [n[U]n. 1.鼻子；鼻状物 blow ones nose 擤鼻子 lead sb. by the nose 牵着某人鼻子走；控制某人 under someones (very) nose就在某人面前; 当着某人的面 2.管闲事：push ones nose into another business 管闲事；干涉别人的事 3.嗅觉: have a good nose 嗅觉灵敏 not [nCt]adv. 1.[表示否定, 修饰谓语动词, 放在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后] 不 2.[用在动词think, suppose, believe, expect, hope, seem等及副词 perhaps, probably等, 连接词if等和词组be afraid等之后构成省略结 构,代替对话双方都有明了的词、短语或句子；表肯定用so] 不；不会： I think not.(= I don’t think so.) 我想不会吧。 I hope not.希望不会。 I’m afraid not.恐怕没有 If not.要不然；如果不 3.[与all, both, every等词连用, 表示部分否定] Not all匼plain(= All... not匼plain) 并不是所有的.......都......(全部否定要用： None ); Not both匼plain(= Both....not匼plain)并不是两个......都......(全部否定要 用：Neither) Not every匼plain(=Every匼plainnot匼plain)并不是每个.......都.......（全部否定 要用Not one） not a, not any = no没有； 无 Not at all.(= You’re welcome.)别客气！ not ...at all 根本不；一点也不 not... any more 不再（指数量或次数） not ... any longer不再（指时间） not....匼plain but匼plain不是.......而是.......(用来连接两个并列成分; 若连接 两个主语时, 谓语动词同靠近的主语一致) not only ...匼plainbut also匼plain不但......且.....(重点在后者; 若连接两个主 语时, 谓语动词同靠近的主语一致; 若连接两个句子, 前一句子要倒装) not匼plainuntil匼plain直到.......才......(No until 引导状语位于句首, 主句要 倒装.) not a little (= a lot; very much)不少; 非常 not a bit (= not at all; not in the least)一点也不(同not a little相反); not a few(= many) 许多 note [n[Ut]n. 1. a short usu. informal letter便条; 短笺 2. (Am.E. Usu. bill) a piece of paper money 钞票; 纸币 3. (usu. pl. with single meaning) a record or reminder in writing(复 数具有单数意义)笔记 to make/take a note/ notes of 作笔记 notebook [5n[UtbUk]笔记本 to take note of (= to pay attention to)注意；留心 4. a remark added to a piece of writing and placed outside the main part of the writing (as at the side or bottom of a page, or at the end)注释；注解：notes to the text 课文注释 5.a written sign for a musical sound 音符；音调 nothing [5nQWIN]n./pron. not any thing; no thing 无事；无物；没有什么；没有东西 have nothing to do with...与......没有关系( ant. have something to do with... ) nothing but(= nothing except) 仅仅, 除......之外别无其它[比较 anything but.......以外什么都.......; 根本不] nothing to do but do sth. else (= do nothing but sth. else) 除 ......之外什 么也没干[but 后接不带to的动词不定式; 如果but前没有do任何形式, 就 接带to的不定式, 如: have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只得.......] nothing like 没有比 ......更好的 nothing much 不多, 很少 [注:] a) nothing可作主语或宾语, 但在否定句中,则一般不用 nothing作宾语, 而 用 not 匼plainanything. b) nothing在反意疑问句中陈述部分作主语时, 附加疑问部分的主语用代词 it, 动词用肯定形式( there be句型除外). c) nothing在句中作主语时, 谓语动词 用单数. d) 修饰语应放在nothing之后。 notice [5n[UtIs] I. n. 1. warning or information about something to happen 警告; 通知 put up a notice 贴出布告 put a notice in the paper登报通知 notice board通知栏 book notices 新书介绍；出版预告 2. attention 注意: take (no) notice of （不）注意，（不）理睬 bring it to ones notice引起某人的注意 3.a usu. short written statement of information or directions to the public 公告; 告示; 启示 4.(often pl.) a statement of opinion, as in a newspaper, about a new book, play, etc.; review 评价; 短评 II. vt. to pay attention (to) with the eyes, other senses, or mind 注意到； 认识到 notice + O. + do sth. 注意到厖做过某事 notice + O. + doing sth.注意到厖正在做某事; notice +O.+ v-ed 注意到厖被厖; notice + that-clause注意到厖; be notice to do sth. 被注意到做某事 [辨析:] notice指无意中的注意, 强调结果; pay attention to指有意识的行为, 强调动作和过程。 noun [naun]n. a word that is the name of a person, place, thing, quality, action, etc., can be used as the subject or object of a verb or the object of a preposition名词 November [n[U5vemb[]n. the 11th month of the year十一月 now [nau]I. adv. 1.at this time; under these conditions; at present现在; 目前 2.(usu. in stories) at this time (in the past) (通常在故事中)(过去)那时; 当时 3. at the time just following the present; without delay; at once 即刻; 马上 4. 常用于There now; now then; now, now等短语中, 用以吸引注意或 表达警告, 命令等。 (every) now and then/again (= at times; from time to time, occasionally) 偶尔; 有时 just now (= at this moment; a moment ago) 这时, 此时; 刚才, 刚刚 now ...匼plainnow /then (= sometimes...and sometimes) 一会儿 ......一会儿; 时而 ......时而 right now (= at once)立刻; 马上 now that (= since) 既然; 因为 (用来引出原因状语从句) II. n. the present time or moment现在; 目前 from now on 今后;从现在起 up to now (= until now) 直到现在 nowadays [5nau[deiz]adv. at the present time; in these (modern) times; now (与过去比较而言)现今; 时下; 现在; 在这时代 nowhere [5n[UhwZ[]adv. 1.not anywhere; (in/at/to) no place 无处; 到处都没有 2.(to/at) no purpose or result 无目的; 无结果 be nowhere to be found/ seen 不可能发现或看到 [注:] nowhere含有否定意义, 放在句首时, 句子倒装。 number [5nQmb[]n.1.a member of the system used in counting and measuring数 2. a written sign for one of these. 数字; 号码 (常用No. ) telephone / room/ page number电话号码/房间号码/页码 Bus No. 3 (= the No. 3 bus) Room No. 205 School No. 12 ; |
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