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定义：表示过去某时间的动作或状态。 结构:“主语+动词的过去式” 变化规则 1.规则动词的过去式： 1) 一般动词加—ed play--played 2) 以不发音e结尾的加—d live--lived 3) 以辅音加y结尾的，变y为i加—ed study--studied 4) 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写 这个辅音字母，再加—ed stop--stopped 2.不规则动词的过去式： am,is – was are-were go – went do – did have-had see-saw write--wrote come-came take-took say-said eat-ate get-got put-put 3.规则动词词-ed的读音 清念 /t/ ,元浊/d/ ; /t/ /d/ 之后念/id/ 说明： 1、清念 /t/ ，即 ed 在清辅音后面念 /t/ 。 例：finished helped passed cooked 2、元浊 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音，浊辅音后面念 /d/ 。 例：borrowed enjoyed called moved 3、ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/。 例：wanted shouted needed counted 4.be动词的过去式构成： （1）肯定句：主语+be (was，were)+其他。例如： We were at home last night. 昨天晚上我们都在家。 （2）否定句：主语+be (was, were)+ not+其他。例如： We were not at home last night.昨天晚上我们都不在家。 （3）一般疑问句：Be (Was，Were)+主语+其他？例如： — Were you ill yesterday? 昨天你生病了吗？ — Yes, I was. 是的，我生病了。 — No, I wasn’t.不，我没有生病。 【注意】:一般过去时的助动词是did，没有人称和数的变化。 句中含有be动词的一般过去时的构成如下： 5.实义动词的过去式构成： 1．肯定句的构成 主语+实义动词的过去式+其他。 2．否定句的构成 主语+助动词did + not+实义动词的原形+其他。 例如： I didn’t go to see him last Sunday． 3．一般疑问句及其答语的构成 助动词Did+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes，主语+did。 否定回答：N0，主语+didn′t。例如： 一Did you visit the car factory yesterday? 一Yes，we did．是的，我们参观了。 一N0，we didn’t．不，我们没有。 一Did you go to see him last Sunday? 一Yes，I did．是的，我去了。 一N0，I didn’t．不，我没去。 巧记动词过去时态 动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事； be用was或者were, have,has成had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didn′t添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。 翻译： Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card! |
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