一份新的研究报告指出，就心脏健康方面来说，不友善的人，特别是那些对他人有控制欲和侵略性的人，会为他们的所作所为付出代价。
These types of people showed a thickening in the walls of their neck arteries tied to a 40% higher risk of having the artery narrow. And that could boost their risk for cardiovascular disease, heart attack and stroke, the researchers concluded.
研究人员认为，这些类型的人表明，他们的颈动脉血管内膜增厚注定了他们患上动脉狭窄的危险比常人高出40%，这就会增大他们患上心血管疾病、心脏病和中风的危险。
"The public is often worried about stress, but sometime it's how our personalities interact with stress that can have an effect on health," noted Dr. Ralph Sacco, president of the American Heart Association and chairman of neurology at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. He was not involved in the study.
人们通常很担心压力的问题，但有时这是我们的个性和可能会对我们的健康产生影响的压力怎样相互作用的问题，拉尔夫萨克博士说。拉尔夫萨克博士是美国心脏协会的主席，也是迈阿密大学米勒医学院神经病学科的主席。他并没有参与该项研究。
"Knowledge is the first step to making behavior change," he added. "If there are things that we know, in terms of stress and antagonism, it may help change people's behavior if they know it's related to vascular risk."
“相关的指示是改变行为举止的第一步，”他继续说。“如果我们知道压力和对抗方面的知识，这些知识就能帮助人们改变一些会对血管造成威胁的行为。”
The report appears in the Aug. 16 online edition of the journal Hypertension.
该份报告发表在《高血压》杂志8月16日的在线版本上。
For the study, a research team led by Angelina Sutin, a postdoctoral fellow at the U.S. National Institute on Aging, collected data on more than 5,600 people in four villages in Sardinia, Italy.
为了这项研究，由安吉拉苏丁带领的研究小组从意大利撒丁岛的四个村庄超过5千6百位居民身上收集数据。安吉拉苏丁是美国国立研究院老龄化方面的博士后研究员。
The researchers found that those who had high scores for antagonistic traits had more thickening of the neck (carotid) arteries, compared with more agreeable people.
研究人员发现，相对于和善的人，那些对抗性很强的人更容易颈动脉内膜增厚.
Thickness of carotid artery walls is a risk factor for heart attack and stroke, the researchers note.
增厚的颈动脉内膜是心脏病发作和中风的一个危险因素.
After three years, people who scored higher on antagonism or low on agreeableness, particularly those who were manipulative and quick to anger, continued to have thickening of their artery walls. These traits were also predictive of greater of arterial thickening, Sutin's group found.
苏丁小组发现，三年之后，充满攻击性而不友善的人，特别是那些控制欲望强烈并且和容易生气的人，相继颈动脉内膜增厚。所以，这些人的性格特征很好的预示了这些人会得动脉内膜增厚这一结果。
People who scored in the lowest 10% of agreeableness and had the highest levels of antagonism had about a 40% heightened risk for thickened arterial walls, they add.
他们指出，在友善方面分数低于10%而在对抗性方面分数相当高的人，动脉内膜增厚的危险就会增加40%。
In a journal news release, Sutin said that "people who tend to be competitive and more willing to fight for their own self-interest have thicker arterial walls, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease," Sutin said in a statement.
一份最近的杂志期刊中，苏丁在她的文章里说到“争强好胜的人和喜欢超越自己的人也会使人患上心血管方面的疾病。”
"Agreeable people tend to be trusting, straightforward and show concern for others, while people who score high on antagonism tend to be distrustful, skeptical and at the extreme cynical, manipulative, self-centered, arrogant and quick to express anger," she added.
她指出，友善的人相信别人、坦诚、与人为善。而高度对抗性的人不相信别人、多疑、极端愤世嫉俗、控制欲强、以自我为中心、傲慢、很容易生气。
In general, men had more thickening of the artery walls than women. But among women who were antagonistic, the risk quickly caught up with that of men. "Whereas women with agreeable traits had much thinner arterial walls than men with agreeable traits, antagonism had a much stronger association with arterial thickness in women," Sutin said.
通常，男性比女性更容易患上颈动脉内膜增厚。但在女性当中，对抗性强的女性比男性更容易患上此症。“但友善的女性相对于友善的男性来说，动脉血管内膜要薄得多。对于女性来说，对抗性和动脉血管内壁增厚有相当大的联系。”苏丁说。
Usually, thickening of the artery walls is a sign of age; however, young people with antagonistic traits already had thickening of the artery wall, she added.
她还说：“通常动脉血管内膜增厚是老龄化的标志；但对抗性强的年轻人动脉内膜也会增厚。”
This finding remained consistent even after lifestyle factors such as smoking were taken into account, the researchers noted.
研究人员指出，研究结论仍然是与一般生活方式的因素相一致的。例如结论也把吸烟考虑了进去。
The findings — consistent with research in more urban regions — may apply to others in the world, whether they live in smaller towns or cosmopolitan areas, Sutin said. "This may not be unique to Italians."
在大多数城市所作的研究得出的结论都是一致的。这些结论可以运用于世界上其他的城市。不管人们是住在小城镇里还是住在世界性的大都市。苏丁说：“这并不是意大利的唯一的病症。”
Commenting on the study, Dr. David L. Katz, director of the Prevention Research Center at Yale University School of Medicine said that "the active, toxic, ingredient in the infamous 'Type A' personality profile is hostility."
大卫卡茨博士就这一研究结果发表看法。他是耶鲁大学药物防治研究中心的负责人。他说：“在臭名昭著的A型人格类型里，主动、有毒搭配起来就成了敌意。”
Angry people do tend to be less healthy, he said. "The burgeoning field of psycho-immunology reveals the multiple and powerful pathways by which our emotional state influences hormones and neurotransmitter levels, in turn influencing the functioning of our immune and nervous systems — and perhaps everything else," Katz said.
生气的人常常身体不健康。“心理神经免疫学迅速发展的研究表明了我们的情绪状况影响我们的荷尔蒙和神经传导素水平，之后这些荷尔蒙和神经传导素又反过来影响我们免疫系统和神经系统——可能每一件事的多种有力的方式。”卡茨说。
The independent effect of chronic anger appeared to be as strong as that of other key risk factors, such as high blood pressure, although this was a study of association, not cause and effect, Katz noted.
卡茨指出，长期性生气的独立作用跟其他危险因素的作用同样强烈，例如，高血压。虽然这二者有相当的联系，但并不是因果的关系。
"We have ample reason to conclude that chronic anger is bad for us," he said. "Now the challenge: in a world of many irritations and stressors, how do we (make) chronic anger and hostility go away? That many benefits would ensue if we met this challenge — for both (people's) carotid arteries and society — seems abundantly clear."
“我们有足够的理由作出长期的生气有害健康这个结论，”他说。“现在我们面临的挑战是，在这个常有令人恼火、令人紧张的事情发生的世界里，我们该怎样做，才能做到让我们长期保持平和的心态，少些敌意。如果我们迎接这个挑战，诸多的好处是肯定的——对于人类的颈动脉和社会而言，都会要多畅通有多畅通。”
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原作者：
来源Being angry, competitive may raise your heart risk
译者nanazhang
Hostile people, especially those who are manipulative and aggressive, may be paying a price in terms of heart health, a new study finds.
