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think,believe, suppose, imagine, expect, guess等词的特殊用法

 把我打包給男神 2016-03-13

2010-11-30 09:28:41|

1. 否定转移

当think后的宾语从句是否定句,而主句的主语是第一人称时,习惯上将否定词not转移到主句中,形式上否定主句谓语,而实际上否定的是从句谓语。有此用法的动词还有:believe, suppose, imagine, expect, guess等。如:

I ________ they _________ tomorrow.

A. think; won’t come

B. don’t think; come

C. don’t think; will come

D. think; come

析:根据否定转移的原则,前半部分应用I don’t think, tomorrow是将来时间状语,故从句应用将来时态。答案为C项。

2. 在反意疑问句中

当复合句的主句是I / we think (believe, suppose, expect, imagine等)时,反意疑问句(助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语)的主谓部分要和从句的主语、谓语保持一致;当主句的主语是第二、三人称时,反意疑问句的主谓部分要和主句的主语、谓语保持一致。如:

①I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer to paint such a big house, _________?

A. do IB. don’t I

C. will theyD. won’t they

析:这是一个反意疑问句。当主句主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think,suppose等动词时,反意问句的主谓语要根据从句的主谓语来确定。前面是否定句,所以反问部分要用肯定形式。答案为C项。

②Mrs Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera, __________?

A. is sheB. isn’t she

C. doesn’t sheD. does she

析:该句的主句谓语动词虽是believe,但主句主语不是第一人称,所以反意疑问句的主谓语应根据主句的主谓语来确定。答案为D项。

3. 特殊的宾语从句

这种特殊句型(疑问词+do you think+主语+谓语+其余部分)主要用来征询对方的意见、建议、推测等。其插入语部分的动词常用的有:think, believe, suppose, imagine, propose, say等。如:

①Mum is coming. What present _________ for your birthday?

A. you expect she has got

B. you expect has she got

C. do you expect she has got

D. do you expect has she got

答案为C项。

②_________ be sent to work there?

A. Who do you suggest

B. Who do you suggest that should

C. Do you suggest who should

D. Do you suggest whom should

析:此题既考查了do you suggest作插入语的用法,也考查了suggest作“建议”讲时后跟的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。虽然在形式上suggest没有宾语,但在实际意义上who (should) be sent to work there作了suggest的宾语。答案为A项。

4. 宾语可替代

think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect ...等后面常常跟so或not来替代宾语从句的内容,其中so替代肯定句;not替代否定句。如:

①——The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?

——___________.

A. I guess not soB. I don’t guess

C. I don’t guess soD. I guess not

析:答案为D项。为了避免重复,用not替代they are not doing a good job at all。

②——I believe we’ve met somewhere before.

——No, __________.

A. it isn’t the sameB. it can’t true

C. I don’t think soD. I’d rather not

析:当不同意对方意见时,可以用I don’t think so或I think not来回答。not或so替代回答中与问句重复的部分。答案为C项。

跟踪练习:

1. ——You haven’t lost the ticket, have you?

——__________. I know it’s not easy to get another one at the moment.

A. I hope notB. No, I have

C. I hope soD. Yes, I’m afraid so

2. Mrs Black doesn’t believe so many people are suffering from this tsunami, _________?

A. aren’t theyB. are they

C. doesn’t sheD. does she

3. I don’t think he could have done such a stupid thing last night, __________.

A. do IB. could he

C. did heD. has he

4. ________ you have seen both fighters, _________ will win?

A. Since; do you think who

B. As; who you think

C. When; whoever

D. Since; who do you think

参考答案:1——4A D C D

think的用法

A. vi.想,思考 
  Give me some time to think.     He told us to try to think in English. 
  
B
. vt.认为;想 
  I never thought you could complete the work so soon. 
  I don’t think I can get away now. 
  Where do you think we can get this book? 
  She isn’t as slow as you think she is. 
  I think the book worth reading again. 
  This kind of computer is thought (to be) too hard to operate. 
  We all think her a good learner. 
  I thought it our duty to offer them some medical care. 
  I think it a great honor to speak here. 
  
C.习语 
  think about…考虑 
  think of…想到;想起;为着想;打算 
  This picture made us think of the days in the army. 
  He couldn’t think of anything to say. 
  She is always thinking of others. 
  She is thinking of going downtown this afternoon. 
  What do you think of this movie? 
  think highly/well/a lot/ a great deal/much/poorly/ill/badly/little/nothing of对评价高/低 
  think of A as B认为A是B 
  think…out/up想出 
  think…over仔细考虑 
  think twice before…要三思后再…… 
  just think…想想看(表示惊讶) 
  Just think of the price!  
  wouldn’t/couldn’t think of…绝不能考虑/想象(做这样的事) 
  I couldn’t think of disturbing them at this our of night. 
  think hard沉思

Imagine 用法

一、表示“想象”、“设想”、“以为”

1. 可用于被动结构和系表结构。如:

   It can easily be imagined.这很容易想象出来。

2.可接名词作宾语。如:

Imagine a railway station,a bus company or a cinema,which many people need to ring to find out the times of trains,buses or films.想象一个火车站、一个公交公司或一个电影院,许多人需要向那里打电话弄清火车、汽车班次和电影开场的时间。

3.可接V-ing作宾语,不接动词不定式作宾语。如:

   I didn't imagine becoming a teacher in my childhood.在童年时期,我并未想象成为一名教师。

4.可接“one's/n./pron.+V-ing”作宾语,其中one's代表形容词性的物主代词和名词所有格,与V-ing具有主谓关系。如:

   I can't imagine my marrying a girl of that sort.我难以想象我与那种女子结婚后的情形。

   Can you imagine Tom cooking dinner for twenty people?你能想象出汤姆为20个人做饭的样子吗?

5. 可接that-clause作宾语。如:

   I imagine that you are tired from the journey.我料想你是由于旅行而疲劳了。

6. 可接连接副词或连接代词引导的宾语从句。如:

   I can't imagine why they speak against you.我想不出来为什么他们都不向着你说话。

   I can't imagine what he means.我想不出他的用意。

7. 可接“n./pron.+(to be)n./adj.”作复合宾语,其中n./pron.作宾语,(to be)n./adj.作宾语补足语,to be可以省略。如:

   Imagine yourself(to be)a teacher.想象一下你是一位老师。

   I imagined the ship(to be)very large.我想象那船很大。

8. 可接“n./pron.+as+n.”作复合宾语,其中n./pron.作宾语,as+n.作宾语补足语。如:

   I imagined you as a big tall man.我以为你是个高大的人。

二、表示“认为”、“想”

1. 后面接复合宾语。如:

   He imagined himself very rich.他认为自己很富有。

2.后面接that-clause作宾语。若 that-clause是否定意义,可用主句的否定形式表示从句的否定意义,that可省略。如:

   I don't imagine(that)they will come tomorrow.我认为他们明天不会来。

suppose以及be supposed to的用法

suppose的基本意思是“猜想;以为;假定”,但在具体的语言环境中意义不止于此,其用法如下:

1. suppose + that 从句,表示“猜测;假定”。如:

I suppose that you are right. 我想你是对的。

You can suppose that A equals B. 你可以假定A等于B。

2. suppose +名词 / 代词 + to be...,表示“认为……是……”。如:

Many people suppose him to be over 50. 许多人认为他已经50多岁了。

3. suppose用于祈使句中,表示“让……”。如:

Suppose we go for a swim. (= Let's go for a swim.) 让我们去游泳吧。

be supposed to 的用法

用法一: be supposed to... 其中to是动词不定式符号,不是介词,其后要跟动词原形。当be supposed

to... 的主语是“人” 时,意为“应该……

”;“被期望……”,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should。如:

Everyone is supposed to wear a seat-belt in the car.

每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带。

Teachers are supposed to treat all the students alike.

老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。

用法:当be supposed to... 的主语是“物”时,它表示“本应;本该”,用于表示“某事本应该发生而没有发生”。如:

The new laws are supposed to prevent crime. 这些新法令本应该起到防止犯罪的作用。

The train was supposed to arrive half an hour ago. 火车本应在半小时之前到达。

用法三: be supposed to后面接“have + 过去分词”时,表示“本应该做某事而没做”。如:

You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.

现在你应该已经把作业交上来了。

He is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 他应该一小时前就到了。

用法四: be supposed to... 的否定结构为be not supposed

to...,它常用于口语中,意为“不被许可;不应当”。如:

She was not supposed to be angry about that. 她本不该为那件事而生气的。

You are not supposed to smoke on the bus. 你不应该在公共汽车上吸烟。

 一、Suppose做及物动词,意为“想,认为,猜想,料想”,用法如下: 
   
  1.suppose后接that引导的宾语从句,that可以省略,如: 
  I suppose we’ll go there next week. 
  我猜想我们下周将去那儿。 
  2.suppose +名词/代词+[ (to be)+表语]宾语补足语,如: 
  What makes you suppose him to be connected with them? 
  你怎么会认为他与他们有联系呢? 
  3.suppose+名词/代词+不定式,如: 
  I supposed her to have already left for home. 
  我认为她已经动身回家了。 
  4. suppose+名词/代词+名词(宾语补足语),如: 
  I never supposed him a hero. 
  我从来没有认为他是一个英雄。 
  5.suppose+名词/代词+形容词 (宾语补足语),如: 
  We all suppose him clever. 
  我们所有的人都认为他很聪明。 
  6. suppose+名词 /代词+介词短语,如: 
  I supposed him in the office. 
  我想他在办公室。 
  7. suppose做插入语,如: 
  You don’t mind my smoking, I suppose. 
  我想你不会介意我抽烟。 
   
  使用suppose时应注意: 
  1. I suppose可以用来有礼貌地要求一个肯定的答复,如: 
  I suppose (that) you are very busy just at the moment? 
  我想你这会儿正忙吧? 
  2. suppose, guess与imagine的区别: 
  suppose多用于口语,是试探性的,但有一定的根据;guess随意性很强,缺乏依据;imagine指“设想”、“想象”与众所周知的事实相反的东西,强调虚构和幻想。如: 
  I suppose they will leave here tomorrow. 
  我猜他们明天要离开这儿了。 
  Can you guess what I mean? 
  你能猜出我的意思吗? 
  I imagine that you are tired. 
  我猜想你已经累了。 
  3. 在英语中,含suppose的句子是用否定主句谓语的方式来否定后面宾语从句的内容的(即把宾语从句的否定词 not转移到否定主句谓语动词上来),这种语言现象叫做转移否定,在这种用法中,suppose意为“想,认为,猜想,料想”;宾语从句是由that引导的宾语从句,也是由否定词 not构成的否定,主句主语多为第一人称。如: 
  I don’t suppose I’ll trouble you. 
  我想我不会再麻烦你。 
  I don’t suppose(that)I shall be back until eight o’clock. 
  我看我在8点前回不来。 
  I didn’t suppose (that) it was true. 
  我猜想那不是真的。 
  4. suppose后也可接so代替整个宾语从句,但如果宾语从句为否定句时,只能转移否定,不能用not否定so,当然也可用否定词 not代替整个宾语从句。如: 
  -Will he come? 
  -他会来吗? 
  -Yes, I suppose so. / No, I suppose not. / No, I don’t suppose so. 
  -我想他会来。/不,我想他不会来。/不,我认为他不会来。 
  正:I don’t suppose so. /I suppose not. 
  我认为不是这样。 
  误:I suppose not so. 
   
  二、suppose作“假定,设想”讲,有时表示自己有一定根据的猜想,有时仅表述自己的意见。如: 
   
  Let’s suppose that we had not helped him, what would happen? 
  假定我们当时没有帮助他,他会怎样呢? 
  Suppose it rained, we would still go. 
  假如下雨的话,我们还是要去。 
   
  三、构成祈使句,表达一项提议或建议,作“让、怎么 ,如何”讲,从句中用过去式,语气更委婉。如: 
   
  Suppose you meet me at the office at half past seven. 
  你7:30与我在办公室见面如何。 
  Suppose (=Let’s go) for a swim. 
  我提议我们去游泳。 
  Suppose we went for a walk! 
  我们去散会儿步吧! 
   
  四、用于被动语态,作“应该、被认为,理应,应该”讲。如: 
   
  You are supposed to be here at nine. 
  你应该在9点钟到达这里。 
  Everyone is supposed to know the rules. 
  大家理应知道这些规则。 
  At the moment he is supposed to be in Paris. 
  人们认为他目前在巴黎。 
   
  五、口语中,用于被动语态的否定句,作“许可”讲。如: 
   
  You are not supposed to smoke on the bus. 
  你不能在公共汽车上抽烟。 
  We are not supposed to play football on Sundays. 
  我们在星期天不许踢足球。 
  He’s not supposed to do that. 
  你不应该做那件事。 
   
  六、suppose的过去分词或过去式也可做形容词,意为“被信以为真的,假定的,推测的”。如: 
   
  The supposed beggar is really a police officer in disguise. 
  大家都认为是乞丐的那个人原来是一个乔装的警察。 
   
  七、suppose的现在分词也可做连词,相当于if。如: 
  Supposing it rains, what will you do? 
  如果下雨你怎么办呢?  


    imagine的用法

学以致用:

1. I                     (suppose ) he will be back by 8 o'clock .

2. Parents  are                (suppose ) to teach their children how to behave well.

3.I suppose prices will go up .(否定句)

Keys :

1.suppose  2. supposed  3. I don't suppose prices will go up .

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