短文改错常见错误类型
1. 谓语动词错误:谓语动词是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;④缺少谓语动词,特别是be动词;⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
例1:
They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改为do,错误类型属于①)
例2:
As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改为visited,错误类型属于②)
例3:
One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改为were,错误类型属于③)
例4:
There will an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④)
2. 名词的常见错误:单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。
例1:
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改为subjects)
例2:
Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改为words)
例3:
Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 冠词错误:误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)
例1:
We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a改为the,the same是固定搭配)
例2:
As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词,所以其前加a)
例3:
I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可数名词,故have后加a)
4.形容词和副词错误:系动词(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官动词(smell/feel)后用形容词;词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词和形容词)。
例1:
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名词,要用形容词wonderful修饰)
例2:
My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容词,terribly改为terrible)
5. 代词错误:代词的主格和宾格(I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。
例1:
Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me改为myself)
例2:
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)
例3:
If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)
例4:
What’s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改为them)
6. 非谓语动词的常见错误:不定式、动名词作主语、宾语;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致;介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
例1:
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接动名词,talk改为talking)
例2:
But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主语,应改为going)
例3:
Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语,read改为reading)
例4:
I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的动名词前后不一致,故saw改为seeing)
7. 介词错误:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用。
例1:
There are too many people among my family. (among改为in,in my family为固定搭配)
例2: