大家好,今天我们总结连词。顾名思义,连词就是起连接句子作用的词。英语中的连词没有中文中的连词复杂,基本上可以归纳为四类:表并列、表转折、表选择、表原因,但这并不意味着它很简单!因为它还有一个重要的作用就是引导状语从句,而状语从句在英语中是非常非常重要的,且它分类多,大家理解起来也有一定的难度,So,大家还是不能轻视啊。 连词是用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的词,连词不作成分。 表示并列关系的连词有:and, both…and…, not only… but also…和neither…nor…等。 1、基本用法: “and”表示 “和”、“并且”的意思,用来连接对等关系的字和字,片语和片语,句子和句子。 I enjoy basketball , football and table tennis. The weather becomes colder and colder. 2、特殊用法: 祁使句后连接and,有条件句作用,此时and=if you…,you’ll… Go straight on, and you’ll see the library.==If you go straight on, you will see the library. 1、both…and…构成的词组作主语时,谓语动词用复数。 Both Jim and Kate are from England. 2、both…and…否定句表示部分否定。 You can’t speak both German and English. Both my father and my mother aren’t doctors. neither…nor…连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词靠近哪个主语就与哪个主语保持 “人称”和 “数”的一致,即采取就近原则。 Neither I nor he has seen the play before. not only…but also…连接两个主语后的谓语动词也遵循就近原则。 Not only the mother but also the children are ill. 比较and和or: 1) 并列结构中,or通常用于否定句,and用于肯定句。 2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点: There is no air or water in the moon. There is no air and no water on the moon. 在否定中并列结构用or 连接,但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构,因此要用and。 典型例题: ---I don\'t like chicken ___ fish. ---I don\'t like chicken, ___ I like fish very much. A. and; and B. and; but C. or; but D. or;and 答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。 表示转折关系的连词有:but, however, yet, still,while等。 Mary was a nice girl, but she had one shortcoming. Tom got up early, yet he failed to catch the train. He was very tired, still he kept on walking. Your composition is fairly good, however, there is still some room for improvement. Jane is hard working ,while her sister is quite lazy. 表示选择关系的并列连词有:or, either…or…,whether… or…等。 1、基本用法 or 表示 “或” 的意思,使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。 ----Is your friend English or American? ----American. He doesn’t like dumplings or noodles. 2、特殊用法 祁使句后连接or ,表 “如果…,否则…”,有转折的意思,此时 or =if you don’t …,you’ll … Hurry up, or you’ll be late.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. either…or…连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词靠近哪个主语就与哪个主语保持 “人称”和 “数”的一致,即就近原则。 Either you or I am right. Does either she or they like English? 由either…or…引导的否定句是完全否定。 She isn’t either a student or a teacher. She is always cheerful, whether at home or at school. 表示因果关系的并列连词有:for(因为),so(所以)。 He is not at school today, for he has a bad cold. It was late, so I went home. For he is ill, he is absent today. (错) He is absent today, for he is ill. (对) He hurt his leg, so he couldn\'t play in the game. 他的腿受伤了,不能上场。 I think; therefore I exist. 我思故我在。 比较so和 such: such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little连用,形成固定搭配。 so + adj. such + a(n) + n. so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. (不可数) such +n.(不可数) so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many/ few flowers such nice flowers so much/ little money. such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people so many 已成固定搭配,a lot of 虽相当于 many,但 a lot of 为名词性的,只能用such搭配。so…that与such…that之间的转换即为 so与such之间的转换。
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