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为什么初中孩子不会写英文句子,下面的内容会给你答案

 智汇百川 2017-02-18

申申老师英语基础句子成分入门讲解篇、配套基础练习及答案

申申老师句子成分排序口诀

主在前,谓中间,宾语、状语排后面

短语定语主宾后,形、代定语主宾前

间接宾语若在后,真、间要用to,for连

宾补位于宾语后,地状常在时状前

例句1:

we(主语-在句首)will have(谓语-居中)an opening ceremony(宾语)next week(状语-在句尾)。

例句2:

Our(物主代词做定语)teacher (主语)sometimes(副词做状语)tells(谓语)us(人做间宾)stories(事物做直宾)about his childhood(介词短语做后置定语)during the break time(时间状语)

例句3:

Smith(主语) requested(谓语) me(宾语) to help him(宾语补足语) in the hospital(地点状语位于时间状语之前) last week(时间状语).

英语的句子成分基础讲解篇

根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。

1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。如:

It (主语)is getting cold. 天冷起来了。

Now everything(主语) is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。

The teacher (主语)is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。

2. 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。如:

Mother bought(谓语) me a VCR. 妈给我买了一台录像机。

We have finished(谓语) our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。

3. 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于连系动词之后,与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。如:

Be careful(表语)! 小心!

He looks very angry(表语). 他看上去很生气。

His job is looking after sheep(表语). 他的任务是看羊。

4. 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。如:

He wrote many plays(宾语). 他写了许多剧本。

She loves swimming(宾语). 她喜欢游泳。

5. 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。如:

He told us to stay(宾补). 他叫我们留下。

I’ve never seen her dancing(宾补). 我从未看见过她跳舞。

I found it difficult to refuse him(宾补). 我感到很难拒绝他

6. 定语:对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明,一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当,位置可在所修饰的词之前,也可在所修饰的词之后(详见形容词一章)。如:

It’s an interesting (定语)story. 那是一个有趣的故事。

Do you have time to help us(不定式to 做定语)? 你有时间帮助我们吗?

Who is the woman being operated on(动词ing短语做后置定语)? 正在动手术的女人是谁?

7. 状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等,一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。如:

We like English very much(状语). 我们非常喜欢英语。

Her uncle lives in Canada(地点状语). 她叔叔住在加拿大。

She was lying in bed reading(状语). 她躺在床上看书。

8. 同位语:若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物,并且,句法功能也一样,那么,后一项称为前一项的同位语。如:

This is my friend Harry(同位语). 这是我的朋友哈利。

We students(同位语) should study hard. 我们学生应该努力学习。

9. 独立成分:与句子其他成分没有通常的语法关系,如插入语、感叹语、呼语等,一般用逗号将它与句子隔开。如:

He’s a nice person, to be sure(独立). 肯定他是一个好人。

Strange to say(独立), he did pahis exam after all. 说也奇怪,考试他竟然通过了。

英语句子成分基础练习

(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词

① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

② There is an old man coming here.

③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词

① I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get B. longer C. days D. summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast

⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.

A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework

⑦ What I want to tell you is this.

A. want B. to tell C. you D. is

⑧ We had better send for a doctor.

A. We B. had C. send D. doctor

⑨ He is interested in music.

A. is B. interested C. in D. music

⑩ Whom did you give my book to?

A. give B. did C. whom D. book

(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother(A) hasn't(B) done(C) his homework(D).

② People(A) all (B)over the world (C)speak English(D).

③ You must pay good (A)attention(B) to your (C)pronunciation(D).

④ How many new words (A)did (B)you(C) learn(D) last class?

⑤ Some of the students(A) in the school(B) want to go swimming(C), how (D)about you?

(四) 挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man (A)was(B) feeling(C) very tired(D).

② Why is he(A) worried (B)about (C)Jim(D)?

③ The leaves(A) have (B)turned (C)yellow(D).

④ Soon They(A) all became(B) interested(C) in the subject(D).

⑤ She was (A)the first (B)to learn about (C)it(D).

(五) 挑出下列句中的定语

① They (A)use(B) Mr. Mrs. with the family(C) name(D).

② What (A)is (B)your given(C)name(D)?

③ On the third(A) lap(B)are (C)Class 1 and Class 3(D).

④ I am afraid(A) some(B) people (C)forgot to sweep the floor(D).

⑤ The man(A) downstairs (B)was trying(C) to sleep.(D)

(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

① She likes (A)the children(B) to read newspapers and books(C) in the reading-room(D).

② He asked(A) her(B) to take the boy (C)out of school(D).

③ She found (A)it (B)difficult(C) to do the work(D).

(七) 挑出下列句中的状语

① There (A)was (B)a big smile (C)on her face(D).

② Every night (A)he heard (B)the noise(C) upstairs(D).

③ He (A)began(B) to learn English(C) when he was eleven(D).

④ The man(A) on the motorbike (B)was(C) travelling to fast(D).

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm(A), Miss (B)Li (C)hurried off(D).

(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

① Please tell us a story.

② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

⑤ Did he leave any message for me?

_____________________________________________________________

答案

(一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do

(二) ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C

(三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B

(四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B

(五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B

(六) ① C ② C ③ C

(七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A

(八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语

② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语 ③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语

④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语 ⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语

为什么初中孩子不会写英文句子,下面的内容会给你答案

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