仰韶彩陶文化

仰韶彩陶文化

仰韶文化以彩陶著称，距今约7000至5000年。仰韶文化分布范围以陕西关中、河南西部、山西南部为中心，东至山东、安徽交界处，西及渭水上游、甘青地区，南至汉水中上游，北达内蒙古河套地区。西安半坡、临潼姜寨、河南陕县庙底沟、灵宝西坡、郑州大河村等都是著名的仰韶文化遗址。遗址出土的彩陶中，有鱼、鸟、蛙等纹样，也有人面鱼纹、日晕纹、十二太阳纹、鹰鼎、人面彩陶瓶、船形彩陶壶等。

仰韶文化早期农耕聚落内的人们过着平等、和谐的氏族生活。陕西临潼姜寨遗址表明，在用壕沟围起来的村落中，大约100座的房屋被分成五组大的群落，可视为五个大家族。由这五组房屋围出一个1400多平方米的广场，构成一个共同活动的空间。各组房屋的门均朝向中央广场，形成一个典型的圆形向心布局。他们既从事农业，也兼营狩猎、采集和陶器的制作。整个聚落在经济上自给自足，内部大小血缘集体之间以及个人之间关系平等和睦。

YangshaoPainted Pottery Culture

Renownedfor its painted pottery, the Yangshao culture flourished some 5,000~7,000 yearsago. With Guanzhong in Shaanxi, western Henan and southern Shanxi as itscenter, the distribution range of the Yangshao culture reaches as far east asthe boundary between Shandong and Anhui, as far west as the upper reaches ofthe Wei River and the Gansu-Qinghai area, as far south as the middle and upperreaches of the Han River, and as far north as the Hetao area in Inner Mongolia,including the most famous sites, such as Banpo in Xi’an, Jiangzhai in Lintong,Miaodigou in Shanxian County, Henan, Xipo in Lingbao, Dahe village inZhengzhou. The painted pottery objects unearthed at the site are characterizedby the fish, bird and frog decorations, as well as the human faced fish patternsolar halo pattern, 12-sun pattern, eagle-shaped cauldron, human faced paintedpottery bottle, boat-shaped painted pottery pot, among others.

Theinhabitants in the early Yangshao culture led an equal, harmonious life intheir farming settlements. The Jiangzhai site in Lintong, Shaanxi－in the ditch-enclosed settlements, about 100houses were divided into five major communities, which can be deemed as fivebig clans, and the five complexes rounded into a square covering an area ofover 1,400 m2, constituting a space of common activities, with all the doors ofthe complexes facing the central square and forming a typical circular radiallayout. The inhabitants were engaged in farming, and concurrently in hunting,gathering and pottery making, and the entire settlements were economically self-sufficient,with an equal, harmonious relationship being enjoyed among the large or smallinternal blood groups and individuals as well.

郭北平（陕西）

510cm × 379 cm?油画

GuoBeiping (Shaanxi)

510cm × 379 cm?Oil Painting