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什么是状语？ 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call. 2.To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day 4. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted. 状语从句的定义 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。 根据其作用状语从句可分为： 1.时间状语从句 2.地点状语从句 3.原因状语从句 4.条件状语从句 5.目的状语从句 6.让步状语从句 7.比较状语从句 8.方式状语从句 9.结果状语从句 状语从句的时态特点 一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。 As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home. 时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when No sooner had I arrived home, then it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 表示“一 ……就……” 除as soon as外，还有三类： 名词型——the moment, the minute, the second, the instant； 副词型——immediately, directly, instantly； 句式型——no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when… The moment I saw him, I fell in love with him. I came immediately you called. 你一给我打电话，我就马上来。 I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家，就开始下雨。 【注意】 如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。 Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。 When, while, as(一边...一边...), after, before, as soon as, since, till /until, by the time(到。。。为止, 所在句子的主句应用完成时) Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. He visited a lot of places while he was traveling. when, while和as的区别 when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”, when＝and then; at that moment。 When she came in, I stopped eating. When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. While引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。 While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。 We always sing as we walk. As we was going out, it began to snow. before和after引导的时间状语从句 before的本意为“在……之前”，根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有……就……，趁着还没……就……，不知不觉就……，……才……”等。 After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。 They had not been married four months before they were divorced. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. till或until引导的时间状语从句 till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，强调句型中多用until。 如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。 I didn't go to bed until（till） my father came back. I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。 由since引导的时间状语从句。 since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。 在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。 I have been in Beijing since you left. It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。 |
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