后缀

汉：  -logy是最常用的术语后缀之一。正如多数术语词缀一样，它来源于古希腊语。作为原生后缀，-logy主要加在希腊名词词根（或希腊术语前缀）后面。有时它需要依靠连接字母-o-帮助构词。-logy的主要意思是the doctrine,study or science of ～（...论，...学，...科）。有时表示它在希腊文中的原意the speech or discussion of ～(...的言语）。顺便指出，与-logy相对应的表示“...学的”与“...者”的后缀分别是-logical与-logist。-logy 是现代英语中也是被用作派生后缀，加在名词上，构成科学术语。此外，注意log意为“speech”
英：word-forming element indicating 'branch of knowledge, science,' now the usual form of -logy. Originally used c.1800 in nonce formations (commonsensology, etc.), it gained legitimacy by influence of the proper formation in geology, mythology, etc., where the -o- is a stem vowel in the previous element.
1.anthropology
n.science of man 人类学；其中词根anthrop=man
I believe he has started reading up anthropology.
我相信他已开始攻读人类学。
2.criminology
n.the study of crime 犯罪学 crimin=crime
Detective Mason has a degree in criminology from the State University of New York.
梅森侦探拥有纽约州立大学的犯罪学学位。
3.ontology
n.department of metaphysics concerned with the nature of existence. 存在论ont=being
4.pathology
n. science of diseases病理学path=disease
Two blood samples were sent to the pathology lab.两份血液样本被送往了病理学实验室。
5.philology
n.study of the development of language,or of particular language;study of documentary records 语言学；文献学 ；phil=love爱
6.theology
n.formal study of the nature of God and of the foundations of religious belief 神学 ；theo=God
In the Middle Ages, philosophy and theology were inextricable.
在中世纪，哲学与神学是不分的。
7.geology  [geo- = earth 地球；-logy→]
  n.地质学
  ex)Geology deals with the earth' crust,the layers of which it is composed,and their history. 地质学研究地壳，构成地壳的地层及其历史。
8.eulogy  [eu- = good 好；-logy →]
  n.颂词，颂文
  ex)His vulgar eulogies annoyed everyone present. 他那庸俗的吹捧弄得在场的人都很不舒服。
4.tautology  [tauto = the same 同样；-logy →“对一件事说同样的几句话”→]
  n.同义反复的语病；赘述
  ex)'The modern college students of today' is an example of tautology. “今日的现代大学生”是一个有同义反复语病的例子。