八年级上册（7~10）单元重点知识点汇总33. 一般将来时由'助动词will / shall + 动词原型'构成，表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow、next week，in 2 days(2天之后)等连用。（Shall用于第一人称，will可以用于各种人称。） (will not= won't) 例如：We will visit the old man next week.下周我们将要看望这位老人。 She will finish the work in 2 weeks.她将在两周后完成这项工作。 34. There be结构：There be(is/are/was/were)+某物/某人+某地/某时'There be结构'的一般现在时：There is/are+某物/某人+某地/某时There are 600 students in our school.在我们学校有600个学生。 一般过去时：There was/were+某物/某人+某地/某时There was a school ten years ago. 10年前这里有所学校。 一般将来时：There will be+某物/某人+某地/某时.= There is going to be+某物/某人+某地/某时.There will be a sports meeting next week. =There is going to be a sports meeting next weeek.下周将有场运动会。 35. a few +可数名词复数：有一些、有几个few +可数名词复数：几乎没有（表示否定）a little +不可数名词：有一些little+不可数名词：几乎没有（表示否定）many+可数名词复数：很多，许多much+不可数名词：很多，许多many\much的比较级都是morefew 的比较级是fewer ,little的比较级是lessThere will be less polutionin the future. 在未来将会有更少的污染。（polution为不可数名词） We should plant more trees. 我们应该种更多的树。（tree为可数名词） There will be fewer carsin the future. 在未来将会有更少的汽车。（car为可数名词） 36.play a part (in doing sth):参与（做某事）We should play a part in planting trees every year.每年我们应该参与植树。 37.in+一段时间：在…之后（多用于一般将来时）He will come back in 2 days.两天之后他将回来。 →How soonwill he come back?多久他将回来？ 38.hundreds of+名词：成百上千的…，许多…（表示模糊数字）数字+ hundred +名词：几百…（表示具体数字）He has hundreds of book.他有很多书。 He bought two hundred books.他买了二百本书。 39.It's time (for sb) to do sth是某人该做某事的时间了。It's time for us to have lunch.是我们该吃午饭的时候了。 It's time for sth是该做某事的时间了。It's time for the class.是该上课的时候了。 40.by doing sth：通过…方式He learned English by listening to the radio.它通过听收音机学习英语。 41.until 的用法:<1>若动词为延续性动词则用肯定句式He studied until 21:00pm.他一直学习到晚上九点。 <2>若动词为非延续性动词，则用not….until….（直到。。。。才。。。。）He didn't go to bed until his father came back.他一直到他爸爸回来才上床睡觉。 42. 感叹句的类型：⑴What a∕an+adj+可数名词单数 （+主语+谓语）！What +adj+可数名词复数∕不可数名词 （+主语+谓语）！What a fine day (it is) !多么好的天啊！ （day为可数名词单数） What an interesting book it is !多么有趣的一本书啊！（book为可数名词单数） What beautiful flowersthey are !多么漂亮的花啊！（flowers为可数名词复数） What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气啊！（weather为不可数名词） ⑵ How +adj +主语+（谓语中的）系动词！How +adv +主语+（谓语中的）实义动词！How happy I am!我多麽高兴啊！ （happy为adj,am为系动词） How hard they are working !他们工作多么努力啊！（hard为adv,work为实义动词） 点拨1：如何判断感叹句开头，如何填写'What/What a/What an/How'方法：1.找到句子中的动词，把所有动词删去；然后删去动词或动词短语的主语；2. 判断主语前面单词的词性：①若为可数名词单数，感叹句首加'What a/What an'；②若为可数名词复数或，感叹句首加'What'；③若为形容词，感叹句首加'How'。例如：①_______________ difficult homework we had yesterday! 解析：句子中动词为had,其主语为we；删去we had yesterday；前面单词homework，为不可数名词，句首填What; ② ________ cute dog it is! 解析：句子中动词为is其主语为it；删去it is；前面单词dog，为可数名词单数，句首填What a; ③_____ cool your new car is! 解析：句子中动词为is,其主语为your new car；删去your new car is；前面单词cool，为形容词，句首填How。 选择题1. _______ fast the boy ran! 2. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 2. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances! A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what D. What, how 3. ________ delicious the soup is! I'd like some more. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _____ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D.What an 5. _____ foolish they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C.What D. What an 6. _______ difficult questions they are! I can't answer them. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 8. _______ lovely weather we are having these days! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 9. _____ beautiful your new dress is! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 10. _____ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 点拨2：陈述句改为感叹句，可以采用'一判、二定、三移'。一判：是判断出陈述句谓语动词后的中心词的词性（adj∕adv∕n）；二定：是根据判断出来的结果来确定引导词（中心词为名词用What；中心词为形容词或副词用How；）三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面。注意：在感叹句中，不得出现so,very，very much等表示程度的单词。例如：①Our school is beautiful . 一判：beautiful为形容词； 二定：beautiful为形容词，用How 来引导； 三移：把Our school is移到How beautiful后面，即为感叹句How beautiful our school is! ②He is a clever boy. 一判：boy为名词； 二定：boy为名词，用What来引导； 三移：把He is移到What a clever boy 后面，即为感叹句What a clever boy he is! ③He studies English well. 一判：well为副词； 二定：well为副词，用How 来引导； 三移：把He studies移到How well后面，即为感叹句How well he studies English! 注意：动词短语不可拆开，见③。 练习：将下列句子变为感叹句。①The room is very bright. ② We live a happy life today. ③It is a nice present. ④This is difficult problem. ⑤She played the piano wonderfully. 答案：①How bright the room is! ②What a happy life we live today. ③What a nice present it is! ④What a difficult problem this is! ⑤How wonderfully she played the piano ！ 43.without+名词\代词\ doing：没有…He can't finish the work without our help.. 没有我们的帮助，他不能够完成这项工作。（help为名词） He went to school without having breakfast.他没有吃早饭就去上学。（have为动词） 43. so that作'为了'时，引导目的状语从句，从句常出现情态动词。如：She got up early so that she could catch the bus.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。 45.look forward to +名词\代词\doing：期待，盼望I'm looking forward to buying a new car.我盼望着买辆新车。（buy为动词） The students are looking forward to an English party（名词短语）. 学生们正盼望着一个英语晚会。 46. invite sb to +地点:邀请某人去某地（invite -- invitation ）We invited a scientist to our school last week. 上周我们邀请一位科学家到我们学校。 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事I invited him to sing.我邀请去唱歌。 47. If you go to the party, we will have a great time 条件状语从句（一般现在时） 主句(一般将来时) 解释：在条件状语从句，时间状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来-------简称主将从现If it is fine tomorrow,I'll visit shanghai. 区分:宾语从句若主句为一般现在时，从句可以根据需要用任何时态I think I'll finish the work in 2 days. 我认为我在两天内将完成这项工作。 主句（一般现在时） 宾语从句（一般将来时） 填空：I think she (come)here tomorrow. If he (come )here,I (call)you. 48.have problems with sth:在某方面有困难have problems （in）doing sth:做方面有困难 （2个句型常常可以互换）She has problems with English.她在学习英语方面有困难。 = She has problems （in） learning English.她学习英语有困难。 49.unless=if…not如果…不Unless it is sunny tomorrow,I won't go shopping.如果明天不是晴天，我将不去购物。 =If it isn't sunny tomorrow,I won't go shopping.(注意'主将从现'的使用) 50. be afraid to do sth:不敢做某事He is afraid to talk in public.他不敢当众讲话。 be afraid of sth:害怕某物The boy is afraid of dogs.这个男孩害怕狗。 be afraid of doing sth不敢做某事He is afraid of going out at night.在晚上他不敢出去。 51. keep doing sth:一直做某事He is keeping writing letters.他一直在写信。 52.remember to do sth记着去做某事（事情还未做）remember doing sth记着已经做过某事（事情做完，但是还记着）Please remember to close the door when you leave.当你离开的时候记着关上门。（门还未关）. He remembered closing the door.他记着已经关上门了。（门已经关上） 53.advise sb to do sth劝说某人做某事My mother often advises me to study hard.我的妈妈经常劝说我努力学习。 54.It's best (not)to do sth. 最好（不要）做某事It's best not to play computer games.最好别玩电子游戏。 1 |
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