1. speak 强调单方的“说”或“讲”并且强调的是说的动作,一般用作不及物动词,要表示“对某人说(某事)”,可用 speak to / with sb (about sth)。后面可跟某种语言。如: Speak English in my class,please. 在我的课上请说英语。 Please speak more slowly. 请说慢一点。 I spoke to / with the chairman about my idea. 我跟主席说了我的想法。 2. talk 强调双方“交谈”,一般用作不及物动词,表示“同某人谈论(某事)”,可用 talk to / with sb (about sth)。如: He was talking to / with a friend. 他在同一位朋友谈话。 What are they talking about? 他们在谈论什么? 3. say 强调说话内容,一般用作及物动词。表示“对某人说”,可用 say to sb。如: Did you say anything (to him)? 你(对他)说了些什么? He said (that) he wanted to go. 他说他想去。 注:以下句型值得注意: 据说他病了。 正:It is said that he is ill. 正:He is said to be ill. 4. tell 表示“告诉”,可tell sb sth. / tell sth to sb.告诉某人某事。 如: tell sb sth. / tell sth to sb. I told him my name. 我把名字告诉了他。 He told his parents the good news. / He told the good news to his parents. 他把这个好消息告诉了他父母。 注:还可接不定式的复合结构作宾语,tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事。如: Tell her to come at once. 叫她马上来。 He told the children not to play in the street. 他叫孩子们不要在街上玩。 另外,有时与介词 from 连用表示“区分”“辨别”等。如: I cannot tell which is which. 我分不清哪个是哪个。 Can you tell true friends from false friends? 你能分清真假朋友吗? 【即学即练】用say, speak, tell或talk填空。 1. The teacher _________the students not to be late again. 2. Do you often _________ to your friends on the phone? 3. Don’t forget to_________“Thank you” when someone opens the door for you. 4. Can you _________Japanese? 5. Our English teacher comes from America, but she often _________ we can _________Chinese when we _________with her. Sometimes she_________us stories in Chinese. Key: 1. tells 2. talk 3. say 4. speak 5. says; speak; talk; tells |
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