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论文标题：LTR retroelement expansion of the human cancer transcriptome and immunopeptidome revealed by de novo transcript assembly 作者：Jan Attig1, George R. Young2, Louise Hosie1, David Perkins3, Vesela Encheva-Yokoya3, Jonathan P. Stoye2, Ambrosius P. Snijders3, Nicola Ternette5 and George Kassiotis1 查看更多 期刊：Genome Research 发表时间：2019/09/19 数字识别码：10.1101/gr.248922.119 摘要：Dysregulated endogenous retroelements (EREs) are increasingly implicated in the initiation, progression, and immune surveillance of human cancer. However, incomplete knowledge of ERE activity limits mechanistic studies. By using pan-cancer de novo transcript assembly, we uncover the extent and complexity of ERE transcription. The current assembly doubled the number of previously annotated transcripts overlapping with long-terminal repeat (LTR) elements, several thousand of which were expressed specifically in one or a few related cancer types. Exemplified in melanoma, LTR-overlapping transcripts were highly predictable, disease prognostic, and closely linked with molecularly defined subtypes. They further showed the potential to affect disease-relevant genes, as well as produce novel cancer-specific antigenic peptides. This extended view of LTR elements provides the framework for functional validation of affected genes and targets for cancer immunotherapy. 查看更多 所属学科： 生物 阅读论文原文基因转录成mRNA的过程，可能会受到来自逆转录病毒等外源DNA的影响。经历与病毒的漫长斗争后，人类基因组上已经有8%的基因来自逆转录病毒。这些病毒DNA通常处于休眠状态，然而，当细胞癌变时，它们可以被重新激活。近日发表在《基因组研究》上的数据表明，以黑色素瘤为例，基因组上有8个不同区域会产生独特的肿瘤抗原，即这些基因区域是癌变后重新被激活的。研究团队希望在未来利用该特性帮助免疫系统，识别并攻击含有这些抗原的癌细胞。 |
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