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谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别 ： 谓语动词：即动词，注意：一个主语只能有一个谓语！！一个主语只能有一个谓语！！并列句除外。 非谓语动词：除了谓语之外的动词。如果主语已有谓语，则另一个动词为非谓语。 就像古代的正宫和小妾，正宫只能有一个，其他都为小妾；而一个主语只能有一个谓语，其他均为非谓语。 请注意：逗号不能连接句子！仅仅有逗号还是一个句子！ 例如：Having finished all his homework for today, Tom felt very much relaxed and went out for a walk around his neighborhood.做完今天所有的作业后，汤姆感到非常放松，就去他的邻居家散步。 本句中主语只有一个Tom，谓语动词为felt，则Having finished为非谓语 非谓语动词形式及用法： 非谓语形式 特殊记3 非谓语动词形式变化 提醒：如果你总是分不清非谓语中的被动语态什么时候加be，什么时候不加be，看第三张表格↑，即：若非谓语动词和谓语动词不存在动作的先后则不加be，用done表被动即可。 例题解析： 1.The little time we have together we try______ wisely. A spending B.to spend C. spent D. to spending 【答案】B。考察非谓语动词，本句中主语是we，谓语是try，spend则为非谓语，try to do努力做某事，固定搭配。 2.The old man______ dead in the snow the next morning. A. found B. was found C. was finding D. had found 【答案】B。考察谓语动词语态，句意为：第二天早晨，这个老人被发现死在雪地里。主语为the old man，本句中死在应使用被动语态，谓语为was found，其中dead为非谓语，过去分词表状态：已死亡。 3.Jim’s job is to keep his boss______ of the latest development of that product in Europe. A. inform B. to inform C. informed D. informing 【答案】C。考查非谓语动词。keep sb. informed意为“持续通知某人”，老板是被通知的，用过去分词表被动。此题中有两个主语，一是JIM，JIM的谓语是is，二是Jim’s job ，Jim’s job的谓语为keep。 练习： 1. I tore open the box, only______ that some papers were missing. A. discovering B. to discover C. discovered D. discover 2. ______ wrong data, he failed to work out the problem. A. To be given B. Being given C. Having given D. Having been given 3. I appreciate______ to your school to give a lecture. A. to be invited B. to have invited C. having invited D. being invited 4.The president promised to keep all the board members_______of how the talks were going on. A.inform B.informing C.be informed D.informed 5.The management have spent the whole day discussing the schedule of the meeting___________ next year. A.hold B.held C.to hold D.to be held 答案： 1.【答案】B。考查非谓语动词。用不定式表示意料之外的结果。句意为“我撕开盒子，没想到发现丢失了一些纸”。 2.【答案】D。非谓语动词时态考查，主句的主语he与give wrong data是被动的关系，因此应选择被动语态；主句时态是过去时，从句动作发生在主句之前，是过去的过去，因此选择完成时having been given。句意为“（因为）他拿到了错误的数据，（因此）没能解决这个问题”。注意：一般被动不加 3.【答案】D。非谓语动词的被动语态。beinvited表示被邀请。appreciate doing sth.感激……，固定搭配。 4.【答案】D。过去分词表被动。keep all the board members informed 过去分词表示被 动，被通知到。该句意思为：总统许诺随时告知所有董事会成员会谈的进程。 5.【答案】D。非谓语动词的被动语态，to be held表示将要被举行。该句意思为：管理层花了一整天讨论明年举行会议的时间。
下一节讲独立主格！ |
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