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1. 英语·语法·知识 farmer与peasant都可以译成“农民”。它们的区别是：farmer很少种甚至不种自己吃的粮食，他们是面向国内外市场以土地为基础进行工业化生产的经营者，比如：美国的农民。而peasant是要亲自下农田种地，并以此为生的人。比如：中国的农民。Farmers subdued the arid lands of Australia.结构分析：Farmers是主语，subdued是谓语，过去一般时，the arid lands of Australia是名词词组，作宾语。核心词汇：subdue/səb'djuː/vt. 征服；抑制；减轻arid/'ærɪd/ adj. 干旱的；不毛的，荒芜的The peasants were picking up in the field.结构分析：The peasants是主语，were picking是谓语，过去进行时，up是副词，作状语，in the field是介词词组，作状语。floor与ground两者都有“地面、地上”的含义。它们的区别是：floor一般指室内的地上、地板、地面，而ground常指室外的地面，也可泛指地球表面。尝试比较：He was sitting on the floor when I came in. 我进去时，他正坐在地板上。结构分析：He是主语，was sitting是谓语，过去进行时，on the floor 是介词词组，作地点状语，when引导状语从句，I是主语，came in是动词词组，作谓语，过去一般时。came的原形动词是come。The ground is wet now. It must have rained last night. 地面是湿润的，昨晚一定下雨了。结构分析：The ground是主语，is是系动词，现在一般时，wet是形容词，作表语，now是时间状语。It是主语，must+have rained=动词词组，作谓语，last night是时间状语。The plan to align management and shareholder interests by awarding executives stock options not only was oversold, but also subtly disguised a deeper division between those interests that the options created.
用公司股票期权奖励主管人员来协调管理部门的利益与股东的利益的方案不仅被过分吹捧，而且巧妙地掩饰了由期权创造的两者利益间更深层次的分歧。结构分析：The plan名词+to align management and shareholder interests动词不定式词组（作后置定语）+by awarding executives stock options介词词组（作方式状语）=名词词组，作主语，not only是连接词，was oversold是被动谓语，过去一般时, but also是连接词，subtly是副词，作状语，disguised是谓语，过一般时，a deeper division名词词组+between those interests that the options created介词词组=名词词组，作宾语。between those interests介词词组，that引导的定语从句，在从句中作宾语，the options是名词词组，作主语，created是谓语，过去一般时。核心词汇：align /ə'laɪn/ vt. 使结盟；使成一行；匹配；vi. 排列；排成一行executive /ɪg'zekjʊtɪv/ n. 主管, 高级行政人员, 执行官；行政部门；division /dɪ'vɪʒ(ə)n/ n. [数] 除法；部门；分配；分割；师（军队）；赛区1）句子结构、时态分析；2）将英文译成中文（20221006）NIGERIA Regulation, policy frustrate 14,120 megawatts hydropower There are strong indications that the Federal Government may have failed in its policy and regulatory direction towards harnessing existing 14,120MW of exploitable hydropower despite the country’s gross energy deficit.【The Guardian】
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