随着现代医学的发展,除了传统的常规病理技术,分子病理在疾病的诊断、靶向位点筛查、预后分层等诊疗全流程中也发挥着越来越重要的作用,荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)作为众多分子病理技术中最基础也最重要的一项,正在发挥着不可替代的价值。那么什么是FISH技术?FISH技术是做什么的?病理报告上这些红红绿绿的点都代表了什么?本期我们将从FISH的原理和临床意义出发,带大家走进分子病理的微观世界。 一、FISH的原理 荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)的原理是通过使用特异性染色体/DNA探针与间期细胞核杂交而获得基因和染色体状态信息的技术。 二、FISH DNA探针的分类 FISH DNA探针可分为位点特异性探针和着丝粒探针,位点特异性探针又可分为计数探针和融合/分离探针。位点特异性探针目前在临床的应用更为广泛。 计数探针是通过标记一段特异性的DNA片段,通过计数信号的数量而判断染色体或基因状态的一种标记探针。由于正常人的染色体/基因是二倍体,那么正常人的检测信号就是两个,当信号多于两个或者少于两个(排除切片影响),便可判断染色体或者基因发生了异常(扩增或缺失)。 扩增表现 缺失表现 融合/分离探针是当基因发生重排时会在相对恒定位置断开,运用不同颜色荧光素标记断裂点两端特异性的DNA片段,通过信号点颜色的变化判断是否发生了融合/分离。当基因没有发生重排时,探针标记的红绿信号因相隔距离太近而肉眼观察呈现混色(黄色);如果发生断裂,则形成单独的颜色(单独的红或绿),当然,结构探针同样能够提示数目异常(如多倍体)。 断裂表现 融合表现 三 FISH的临床意义 南京鼓楼医院病理科分子病理实验室FISH平台简介 代表性软组织肉瘤相关探针
平台负责人介绍 发表文章列表: 1. Yao Fu*, Zheng Li*, Fuping Gao*, Jun Yang, Hongyan Wu ,Biao Zhang , Xiaohong Pu#, Xianshan Fan#. MLH1/PMS2 expression could tell classical NTRKs fusion in fluorescence in situ hybridization positive colorectal carcinomas. Frontiers in Oncology. (Accept) 2. Xiaohong Pu*, Qing Ye*, Jing Cai*, Yao Fu, Xiangshan Fan, HongYan Wu, Jun Chen#, Yu-Dong Qiu#, Shen Yue#.Diverse Breakpoints and Fusion Modes of FGFR2 Fusion Determine the Response to FGFR Inhibition in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Cell death and disease. 2021, 12: 256. 3. Xiaohong Pu*, Hongwei Zheng*, Xin Yang*, Qing Ye, Zhiwen Fan, Jun Yang, Xiangshan Fan, Xiaoping Zhou, Yudong Qiu, Qin Huang, Hongyan Wu , Jun Chen#. An assessment of chromosomal alterations detected by fluorescence in situ hybridisation in pancreatobiliary tract malignancy. BMC Gastroenterology. 2020, 20: 367. 4. Pu Xiaohong*, Yue Shen*, Wu Hongyan*, Yang Jun, Fan Xiangshan, Fu Yao, Ye Qing#, JunChen#. C-MET in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: High-Frequency amplification predicts protein expression and a unique molecular subtype. Pathol Res Pract. 2020, 216(4): 152857. 5. Xiaohong Pu*, Liya Zhu*, Feng Li*, Jinyu Zheng, Hongyan Wu, Yao Fu, Jun Chen#, Liang Qi#. Target molecular treatment markers in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma based on Chinese population. Pathology Research and Practice. 2020, 216: 153116. 6. Xiaohong Pu*,Qing Ye*, Jun Yang*, Hongyan Wu, Xiwei Ding, Jiong Shi, Liang Mao, Xiangshan Fan, Jun Chen#, Yudong Qiu#, Qing Huang. Low-level Clonal FGFR2 Amplification defines a Unique Molecular Subtype of Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on Chinese population. Human Pathology. 2018, 76: 100-109. 7. Xiaohong Pu*, Liya Zhu*,Yao Fu*, Zhiwen Fan, Jinyu Zheng, Biao Zhang, Jun Yang, Wenyan Gan, Hongyan Wu, Qing Ye#, Qing Huang. Companied P16 genetic and protein status together providing useful information on the clinical outcome of urinary bladder cancer.[J].Medicine (Baltimore).2018,97(15):e0353. 8. Xiaohong Pu, Jiong Shi, Zhiwen Li, Anning Feng, Qing Ye#. Comparison of the 2007 and 2013 ASCO/CAP evaluation systems for HER2 amplification in breast cancer. Pathology Research and Practice.2015, 211:421-425. 9. 夏莉花*,濮晓红*,付尧,魏瑾,樊祥山#。免疫组织化学、荧光原位杂交及RNA原位杂交检测PD-L1的一致性比较。中华病理学杂志,2020,49(11):1183-1186. 10. 夏莉花,付尧,濮晓红#。荧光原位杂交在膀胱微乳头型癌中的辅助诊断价值。临床与实验病理学杂志,2019,35(12):1463-1465. 11. 濮晓红,陈骏,叶庆#。荧光原位杂交法(FISH)辅助诊断胰胆管癌的技术及判读方法。临床肿瘤学杂志,2016,21(9):854-857. 12. 濮晓红,叶庆,孟凡青,陈骏#。运用荧光原位杂交法(FISH)辅助诊断胆管癌方法初探。中华病理学杂志,2015,44(9):661-663. 13. 濮晓红,叶庆#。TP53 基因在特定血液病和淋巴瘤中的研究进展。临床肿瘤学杂志,2014,19(2):186-190. |
|