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Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious when they're in poorly lit places-and so more likely to eat lots of food. 黑暗的环境更容易助长暴饮暴食，因为当人们在光线不好的地方时，他们往往缺少自觉，所以更有可能吃很多食物。 语法笔记 本句是一个由for连接的并列句，for是连词，表原因。前一分句的主干是Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating；后一分句的主干是people are often less self-conscious and so more likely to eat lots of food，其中less self-conscious和so more likely to eat lots of food都使用了比较级形式，由and连接构成并列表语，该分句中还包含一个when引导的时间状语从句。 核心词汇 environment n. 环境 搭配 living environment 生存环境 protect the environment 保护环境 encourage vt. 鼓励，激励 搭配 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 派生 encouragement n. 鼓励 encouraging adj. 鼓励的，令人鼓舞的 overeating n. 吃的过量 self-conscious adj. 局促不安的，难为情的；刻意的，有意而为的；自觉的，自己意识到的 light n. 光，灯，灯光 vi. 点（火），变亮 adj. 明亮的；轻的，浅色的 搭配 light up 点燃，亮起来 Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mother's Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity (慈善机构). 有些礼品公司，比如Presents for Purpose公司，允许你在母亲节前提前付款，挑选礼物，你支付价格的10%会捐给慈善机构。 语法笔记 本句的主干是Some gift companies allow you to pay it forward。such as Presents for Purpose是举例；this Mother's Day作时间状语，介词短语by picking gifts作方式状语；which引导一个定语从句in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity，修饰gifts；定语从句中又嵌入另一个省略了引导词that的定语从句you pay，修饰price。 核心词汇 such as 例如 present adj. 当前的；出席的 n. 礼物，赠品 vt. 展示，显示 搭配 at present 目前，现在 派生 presentation n. 陈述；介绍 purpose n. 目的，意图 搭配 on purpose 故意 派生 purposefully adv. 有目的地 purposely adv. 故意地 allow v. 允许，准许 搭配 allow (doing) sth. 允许（做）某事 forward adv. 提前；向前，前进 adj. 早的；前进的 Mother’s Day 母亲节 pick v. 拾起，采集；挑选 搭配 pick out 挑选出 派生 picker n. 采摘者，采摘机 price n. 价格，价钱 charity n. 慈善机构；慈善 I've discovered I possess a large number of different talent and skills that I never would have thought were within me had it not been for my being open to trying new opportunities. 要不是因为我对于尝试新机会持开明态度，我永远都不会发现自身具备的各种天赋和技能。 语法笔记 本句的主干是I've discovered。I possess...new opportunities为宾语从句，作discovered的宾语，省略了引导词that；在这个宾语从句中，包含一个that引导的定语从句that I never would have thought...new opportunities，修饰talent and skills；定语从句使用了虚拟语气，其中had it not been为省略if的虚拟条件句，条件句要进行倒装，had需要提前，此句中，虚拟条件句的主句和从句都表示与过去事实相反的情况。 核心词汇 possess vt. 占有，拥有 a large number of 许多；大量 different adj. 不同的，有差异的 搭配 be different from sth. 与某事不同 派生 differently adv. 不同地 skill n. 技能，技巧 搭配 writing skills 写作技巧 open adj. 公开的；开着的 v. 打开；公开 搭配 open-air 露天的 open up 打开，开张 keep your eyes/ears open 保持警觉 派生 openly adv. 公开地 opening n. 洞，缺口；开始，开端；开幕式，落成典礼 opportunity n. 机会，时机，机遇 搭配 job opportunity 工作机会 If someone knocks and it's not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy so they can get the hint that when the door is closed, you're not to be disturbed. 如果有人敲门，而且不是什么重要的事情，你可以说声“请原谅”，让对方知道你很忙，这样他们就能得到暗示：当门关闭时，你不愿被打扰。 语法笔记 本句是so连接的并列句，第一个分句的主干是excuse yourself and let the person know，句首If引导条件状语从句；know后接一个省略that的宾语从句you're busy。第二个分句的主干是they can get the hint；句中that引导同位语从句，说明先行词the hint的内容；在该同位语从句中，包含一个when引导的时间状语从句，be to do sth.表示将来时。 核心词汇 knock n./v. 敲，打，击 搭配 knock at/on 敲打 knock down 把……撞倒；拆卸 knock into sb. 撞到某人 excuse n. 借口，理由 v. 原谅，宽恕 busy adj. 忙碌的 搭配 be busy with 忙于…… be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事 hint n. 暗示；提示；示意 door n. 门，门口 disturb v. 打扰，扰乱 派生 disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起烦恼的 disturbed adj. 扰乱的；心烦意乱的 Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. 报纸公司正在以几年前无法想象的速度失去广告商、读者和市场价值，在某些情况下，失去的还有它们的使命感。 语法笔记 本句的主干是Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and their sense of purpose。in some cases做插入语；that引导定语从句that would...ago，修饰speed；从句中使用了情态动词的虚拟语气形式would have done，表示对过去的推测。 核心词汇 newspaper n. 报纸 advertiser n. 广告商，广告公司 派生 advertisement n. 广告 advertising n. 广告活动；广告业 market n. 市场，集市 case n. 情况；病例；案件；容器 搭配 in case 万一，以防 in the case of 在……的情况下，如果 in one case 在一个案例中 派生 showcase n. 玻璃陈列柜 suitcase n. 手提箱，衣箱 staircase n. 楼梯 at a speed 以某一速度 imaginable adj. 可想象的 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. 当你买了一条鱼回家后，如果你不立刻烹饪它，那么你最好把它放进冰箱里，但是新鲜的鱼只能在冰箱里储存一两天。 语法笔记 本句的主干是you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two。句首是由When引导的时间状语从句；句中if引导条件状语从句。 核心词汇 buy v. 买，购买 fish n. 鱼；鱼肉 vi. 钓鱼；捕鱼 派生 fisherman n. 渔民；钓鱼的人 fishing n. 钓鱼；捕鱼业 arrive vi. 到达，达到 派生 arrival n. 到来，到达 had better (do) 最好（做） store v. 贮存；贮藏；保存 n. 商店；店铺 refrigerator n. 冰箱 cook n. 厨师，炊事员 v. 烹调，做饭 immediately adv. 立即 fresh adj. 新鲜的；不熟练的 搭配 fresh fruits 新鲜的水果 派生 freshness n. 新鲜 fridge n. 冰箱 The lessons they learned may not be different from what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own. 他们学到的课程可能和他们在学校学到的没有什么不同，但肯定更有个人色彩、更有意义，因为他们必须自己解决这些问题。 语法笔记 本句的主干是The lessons may not be different, but are certainly more personal and meaningful。they learned是省略引导词的定语从句，修饰lessons；what引导宾语从句，作介词from的宾语；but是并列连词，表示转折，连接两处谓语动词may not be和are；句末的because引导原因状语从句。 核心词汇 lesson n. 课；功课；经验，教训 personal n. 个人的；私人的 派生 impersonal adj. 非指个人的，客观的；冷淡的，缺乏人情味的 meaningful adj. 严肃的；重要的，重大的；意味深长的，意在言外的；意义明显的，易于理解的 own adj. 自己的 vt. 拥有 搭配 on one’s own 单独地，独自地 of one’s own 某人自己的 派生 owner n. 所有者；主人 ownership n. 所有权 When a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. 当一个来自这些文化背景之一的人在讲话时突然停止，也许这个人是在暗示他想让听众在他继续讲话之前去思考他之前所说的话。 语法笔记 本句的主干是what maybe implied is that...。句首When引导时间状语从句；主句中，what may be implied为主语从句；that the person wants...before continuing是表语从句，其中包含一个what引导的宾语从句what has been said，作consider的宾语；before为介词，所以后面使用了动名词continuing。 核心词汇 speak v. 说，讲；谈话；发言 搭配 speak aloud 大声地说 generally speaking 一般而言 suddenly adv. 突然地 imply v. 暗示；暗指 listener n. 听者 consider vt. 考虑；认为 搭配 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 派生 consideration n. 考虑；关心 continue v. 延伸；继续 搭配 continue to do/doing sth. 继续做某事 continue with sth. 继续做某事 continuous adj. 持续的，连续的；反复的，频繁的 A fish that lives in mangrove swamps (红树林沼泽) across the Americas can live out of water for months at a time, similar to how animals adapted to land millions of years ago, a new study shows. 一项新的研究表明，一种生活在美洲红树林沼泽中的鱼，每次离开水能存活数月，就像数百万年前动物适应陆地生活一样。 语法笔记 本句的主干是..., a new study shows。A fish...millions of years ago是省略引导词that的宾语从句，作shows的宾语。该宾语从句的主干是A fish can live out of water for months，句中that引导定语从句that lives...across the Americas，修饰先行词fish；similar to...years ago为形容词短语作伴随状语；how引导宾语从句how animals adapted to land millions of years ago，作介词to的宾语。 核心词汇 swamp n. 沼泽（地） at a time 逐一；每次 similar adj. 相似的，类似的 搭配 be similar to 与……相似的 派生 similarly adv. 类似地 similarity n. 类似，类似处 adapt v. （使）适应；改编，改写 搭配 adapt to 适应 study v. 学习；研究 n. 研究；学习；书房 One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it. 食用品质最佳的一个品种是奥尔良香蕉苹果，但是它需要在一个温暖的、遮风挡雨的、土壤肥沃的地方生长，所以对于大多数喜欢它的苹果爱好者来说，这是一个遥不可及的梦想。 语法笔记 本句是由but和so连接的并列句，but表示转折，so表示结果，并列句由三个分句组成。第一个分句的主干是One is Orleans Reinette，第二个分句的主干是you'll need a place，第三个分句的主干是it's a pipe dream for apple lovers。第二个分句中，不定式短语to grow it作目的状语；第三个分句中，定语从句who fall for it修饰apple lovers；句中两处it均指代前面的Orleans Reinette。 核心词汇 variety n. 品种，种类 quality n. 质量；品质 warm adj. 暖和的；热情的 v. （使）暖和 sheltered adj. 有遮蔽物（不受恶劣天气侵袭）的 perfect adj. 完美的，极好的 派生 perfectly adv. 完美地；很 imperfect adj. 有缺点的；未完成的 soil n. 土壤，土地 pipe dream 脱离实际的愿望，妄想（了解） fall for 爱上，倾心于 |
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