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高中英语句型归纳 1. There is no doing 结构。其意为“不可能…”、“无法…”： There’s no denying the fact. 这一事实不容否认。 There is no getting over the difficulty. 这困难无法克服。 There is no knowing what he will do next. 无法知道他下一步要干什么。 There was no telling when she would be back。没法知道她什么时候回来。 2. There is no difficulty in doing sth结构。意为“做某事没有困难”： There is no difficulty in finding his office. 找到了他的办公室没费一点劲。 There was no difficulty in carrying out the plan. 执行这项计划没什么困难。 3. There’s no doubt of sth. / dong sth / that … 结构。意为“毫无疑问…”： There is no doubt of his success. 毫无疑问他一定会成功。 There could be no doubt that he was one of the best writer in this country. 毫无疑问他是这个国家最优秀的作家之一。 4. There is no hurry (to do sth) 句式。其意为“不用急(于做某事)”： There’s no hurry to return the book. 现在不急于还书。 There’s no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully. 不用赶时间，要慢慢细心地做。 5.There’s no need ( for sb. ) to do sth. …结构。其意为“不需要或不必要…”： There is no need for help. 不需要帮助。 There is no need for you to go. 你没有必要去。 8. There is no sense in doing sth 结构。意为“做某事没有道理或好处”： There’s no sense in criticizing him. 批评他也没有用。 There’s no sense in waiting three hours. 等三小时是不没有道理的。 9. There’s no point in doing sth 句式。意为“做某事没有用”： There’s no point (in) telling her about is. 告诉她没有用。 There’s no point in wasting time. 耗时间没用。 10. There is no possibility of sth ./ that …. 【注】以上有的结构中的no根据情况也可换成其他限定词： There is some difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事有些困难”。 There is much difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事许多困难”。 There’s a need for…意为“需要或有必要…”。 10 prefer (1) prefer to do sth 例：I prefer to stay at home. (2) prefer doing sth 例：I prefer playing in defence. (3) prefer sb to do sth 例：Would you prefer me to stay? (4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……宁愿…...而不愿.…". 例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out (5) prefer doing sth to doing sth 例：I prefer watching football to playing it. (6) prefer sth to sth 例：I prefer tea to coffee. 我要茶不要咖啡。 11. seem (1) It +seems + that从句 例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied. (2) It seems to sb that --- 例：It seems to me that she is right. (3) There seems to be ---- 例：There seems to be a heavy rain. (4) It seems as if ---- 例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class. 12. 表示“相差……；增加了……；增加到……”句型： (1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸 (2) There is one year between us. 我们之间相差一岁。 (3) She is three years old than I 她比我大三岁。 (4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他们把价格上涨了50% 13.too句型： (1) too．．．to do sth． 例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians． （＝Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians．） (2) only too --- to do sth 例：I shall be only too pleased to get home. (3) too + adj + for sth 例：These shoes are much too small for me. (4) too + adj + a + n. 例：This is too difficult a text for me. (5) can't … too +形容词 无论……也不为过 例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 14. before 句型： (1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及…… 例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me． (2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间…… 例：It will be 4 years before he graduates. (3) had done some time before （才……） 例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. (4) had not done --- before --- 不到……就…… 例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. (5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就…… 例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country. 15. 用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型： (1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth. 例：You should like to have written to your mother. (2) was / were going to do sth.（用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么） 例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match. (3) was / were going to have done sth. 表示未完成原来的计划和安排 例：Lily was going to have cleaned her bedroom, but she had no time. (4) expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think, want, wish ．．． 常用过去完成时态,在这些词后接宾语从句或者接不定式的一般形式；或者用一般过去时态后面接不定式的完成形式表示过去未曾实现的愿望 例：She had supposed him to be very rich. 她原以为他很有钱。 (5) wish that …had done sth.表示过去未曾实现的愿望． 例：I wish he had been here yesterday. (6) 情态动词should ,would, could, might, ought to等后接不定式的完成时，表示过去本该做，打算做，想做而未做的事情． should have done =ought to have done 本应该做而没做 would have done = 本来就会去做某事而没做 could have done = 本可以做某事而没做 might have done 本可以做而没做 例：They ought to have apologized. 他们本该道歉的。 16. 倍数句型： (1)倍数＋比较级＋than．．．， 例：The room is twice larger than that one． There is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark. (2)倍数＋as＋原级＋as．．．，例：The room is three times as large as that one． (3)倍数＋the size ／height／length ／weight ／width of．．． 例：The room is three times the size of that one． 17.比较句型： (1)原级比较：例：English is not so difficult a subject as (2)一方超过另一方：例：The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year. (3)一方不如另一方： 例：The restoration was so bad that it made some of the buildings less secure than they had been before. 修复工作是如此的糟，以致于它使得一些建筑没有以前安全了。 (4) The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~ The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...） 例：The harder you work, the more progress you make. The more books we read, the more learned we become. (5) more…. than…与其说…倒不如说 例：Smith is more diligent than intelligent. (6) no +形容词比较级+ than = as +形容词的反义词+ as 例：I am no better at English than you. 我的英语不比你好。 (7) that 在前后比较中代替不可数名词和特指的单数可数名词 例：The traditional picture of St Nicholas is quite different from that of Father Christmas. (8) one 在前后比较中代替泛指的单数可数名词。 例：I prefer a flat in (9) those 在前后比较中代替 特指的复数可数名词。 例：Salaries are higher here than those in my country. (10) ones 在前后比较中代替泛指的复数可数名词 例：Cars do cause us some health problems --- in fact far more serious ones than mobile phones do. 汽车确实给我们的身体健康带来问题，事实上比手机造成的问题更严重。 18. 感叹句型： (1) What a + Adj + N + S + V! 例：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! (2) How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！） 例：How important a thing it is to keep our promise! (3) How + S + V! 例句：How I want to go to 19. 表法猜测的句型： (1) must have done sth 一定做过某事 否定形式：can't / couldn’t have done 例：She must have come here last night. She can't have gone there (2) may have done sth 可能做过某事 否定形式：may not have done 例：Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident. (3) might have done sth 或许做过某事 否定形式: might not have done 例：She might have known what the bottle contained. (4) should have done sth 估计已经做了某事 否定形式：should not have done 例：She should have arrived in her office by now. 20.动词不定式常用句型： (1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth.某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事. 例句：It took me years of hard work to speak good English. (2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth 例： It was careless of Tom to break the cup. (3) Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……别无选择. 例句：We had no choice but to take a taxi for we'd missed the last bus. (4) It's not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风. 例：lt's not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life. (5) …形容词／副词＋enough to do sth． 例：I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa.． (6) It pays to + V ~~~ （...是值得的。） 例句：It pays to help others. (7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth 例：It must cost a good deal to live here.住这儿一定会花很多钱的。 (8) do all he could to do sth do what he could to do sth do everything he could to do sth 例：They were doing everything they could to help the fatherland. (9) It is hard to imagine/ say … 很难想象/说…… 例：It is hard to imagine how It's hard to say whether the plan is practical. 21. 动名词常用句型： (1) ...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. (有困难做某事) 例：People from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other. (2) upon/on doing sth, 一……就…… 例：Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn't say a word. (3) There is no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 例：There is no difficulty in solving this social problem. (4) There is no need/use harm/hurry in doing sth 例：There is no need in sending such expensive present. (5) spend some time/money (in) doing sth 例：They say children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work. (6) It's no use / good/ worth doing sth 例：It’s no use talking with him. He won’t listen to you. (7) It's a waste of time/money/energy doing 例：It's a waste of time watching TV programme as this. 22.not --- until 句型 (1) 陈述句 not --- until --- 直到……才 例：Last night I didn't go to bed until 11 o'clock. (2) 强调句 It wasn't until…that... 直到……才……. 例：It wasn't until yesterday that I got your letter. (3) 倒装句 Not until...did... 直到……才……. 例：Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 23 since 句型： (1) Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式 例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. 自从他上高中，他一直很用功。 (2) It is + --- + since S +持续性谓语动词（表否定） 例：It is three years since she lived here. 她已三年不住这儿了。 (3) It is / has been + --- + since S + 瞬间谓语动词（表肯定） 例：It is years since I stopped smoking）．我戒烟已经数年了。 24 让步状语从句： (1) Adj./n./adv. + as/ though+ Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然...） 例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. (2) No matter what等特殊疑问词... …无论什么……. 例句：No matter what happens, I'll always stand by you. (3) However + adj/adv + S + V, 尽管…… 例：You won't be able to do it alone, however much you try. 不论你多努力，你一个人也做不来。 (4) whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever + S + V，无论什么/哪里…… 例：Wherever I am， I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 (5) whether … or not 例：Whether you like it or not, you'll have to do it. (6) even if/though 例：Even if/Even though the exercise is very difficult, you must do it. 25 违反常规的冠词位置句型： (1) so/as/that/too/how +adj. + a/an + n. 例：He is as good a student as you. 他和你一样是个好学生。 This is too difficult a problem for me.对我来说这是一个太难的问题。 You can hardly imagine how clever a boy he is. (2) quite/rather/what/such/many + a/an +(adj) +n 例：She sang quite a beautiful song. 她的歌唱得很漂亮。 He was such a fool as to believe what she said. (3) all/both/half/twice the + n 例：All the students in her class like her very much. 26表示最高级的句型： (1) Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V 例：Nothing is more important than to receive education. (2) no one (nobody, nothing)+so/as+原级＋as 例：Nobody is so blind as those who will not see.没有人像那些视而不见的人如此的瞎了。 (3) 比较级＋than+any other +名词单数（同一范围内） 比较级＋than +anything(anyone)else 比较级＋than + any of the others 例：Bamboo probably has more uses than any other plant in the world. (4) 否定词 +比较级 例：It can’t be worse. 这是最糟的 I can’t agree any more.我非常同意。 (5) be the last ----（ 最不想。。。） 例：This is the last thing I want to do. 这是我最不想干的事。 27. more --- than 句型： (1) more --- than 与其……不如…… 例：He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. (2) more than 超过；不仅仅是；非常 例：These flags are more than just colorful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together. (3) not more than 最多，不超过 例：They finished the project in not more than one year. (4) no more than 仅仅 例：The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 28 形式宾语与宾语补语句型： (1) 形式宾语代动词不定式 例：I think it necessary to explore the space. 我认为探索太空是有必要的。 (2) 形式宾语代从句 例：They found it strange that no one would take the money. (3) 过去分词做宾语补语表示宾语被动的动作： 例：I had my pen stolen. (4) 现在分词做宾语补语表示宾语正在进行的动作。 例：They found her lying in bed reading a novel. (5) 以名词（间或可用代词）作宾语补足语： 例：In 1849, he went to I think him an honest man. (6) 介词短语做宾语补语：如： 例：I can't find him in the office. (7) What do you find the hardest in... 你觉得……最大的困难是什么 例句：What do you find the hardest in learning English 29. 特殊的条件句： (1) Suppose/ Supposing ---, 假如…… 例：Suppose/Supposing he is absent, what shall we do? (2) On condition that只要……；如果…… 例：I'll come on condition that John is invited, too. (3) provided (that)/ providing ----- 只要…… I will come provided (that) I am well enough. 只要我身体好，我一定来。 You may go out providing you do your homework first. 只要你先做作业，你便可以外出。 (4) so/as long as 例：As/So long as you work hard, you'll succeed in the end. (5) 祈使句+and + 陈述句(表肯定） 例：Give him an inch and he’ll take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, he’ll take a mile. ) 他会得寸进尺的。 (6) 祈使句+ or/otherwise +陈述句 (表否定） 例：Start at once, or / otherwise you’ll miss the train. (= If you don’t start at once, …) (= Unless you start at once, you’ll miss the train.) (7) …won't...unless... 除非……否则我不会……. 例句：I won't write to him unless he writes to me first. 30. it 作宾语补足语句型 e.g We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为：【 6123结构 】 6 指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel ； 1 指的是形式宾语it ； 2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词 ； 3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that 引导的宾语从句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. It句型及练习 含 it 的句型几乎年年高考考到，现根据其用法特点可归纳为下列句型。 1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that 之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that 可以由 who 换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到……才……”，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain…) that … 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句，常译为 “ 清楚（显然，真的，肯定……）”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that he's round and tall like a tree. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. 5. It is said (reported, learned…) that … 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是 that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“ 据说（据报道，据悉……）”。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. 6. It is suggested ( ordered, required ... ) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为“ 据建议；有命令……）”。 It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. 7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中，that 后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 8. It is time ( about time , high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟．② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时侯……”。 It is time that children should go to bed. 9. It / This is the first ( second … ) time (that) … 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去；it 有时用 this 替换，常译为“是第一（二）……次……”。 It is the first time I have been here. 10. It is … since ... 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. 11. It is ... when ... 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……”。 It was 5 o'clock when he came here. 12. It be ... before ... 该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为“……过了多久之后就 / 才……”。 It was 3 days before he went to 13. It happens that... 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen是不及物动词． It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧…… 14. It takes sb. … to do sth. 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 16. It doesn't matter whether... 该句型中whether 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为“不论（是否）…… 没关系……。 It doesn't matter whether they are old (or not). 17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of 引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有: bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good (好心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的), polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong (错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型。不定式的逻辑主语由for 引起，形容词通常表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况。常见的形容词有： ① important, necessary, natural ② easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, dangerous, unusual, impossible, pleasant 等。 如：It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party 19. It seems/appears that 看来…… It seems/appears that he will be back in a few days. It looks ( seems ) as if ... 该句型中it 无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，“看起来好像…… ＂如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气． It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了） It seemed as if he were dying.(虚拟语气) 巩固练习： 1. The boy became fatter and fatter each day and ＿＿＿made his parents sad. A.which B.what C.he D.it 2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ＿＿＿＿＿＿. A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 3. In fact, ＿＿＿is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A.this B.that C.there D.it 4. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ＿＿＿didn’t help. A.he B.which C.she D.it 5. Does＿＿＿matter whether he can finish the job on time? A.this B.that C.he D.it 6. ＿＿＿used to be thought that the earth was square. A.He B.What C.It D.That 7. I took ＿＿＿for granted that he would believe in us. A.that B.the thing C.it D.this 8. He lived in poverty, and he couldn’t help ＿＿＿. A.so B.such C.it D.that 9. We had to be patient because it＿＿＿some time ＿＿＿we got the full results. A.has been ； since B.had been ； until C.was； after D.would be ； before 10. ＿＿＿＿four years since I joined the army. A.There was B.There is C.It was D.It is 11. ——Have you ever seen a whale alive? ——Yes, I’ve seen ＿＿＿. A.that B.it C.such D.one 12. ＿＿＿＿being March 12th, they planted trees on the hill. A.That B.It is C.It D.This 13. ——Was that the new comer who walked by? ——＿＿＿＿＿. A.It must be that B.It must have been C.He must be D.This must have been 14. Our classroom is very clean. Do you know who＿＿＿cleaned it? A.was it that B.it was that C.was it who D.he was 15. It’s the third time ＿＿＿＿＿ arrived late this month. A.that you B.when you C.that you’ve D.when you’ve 16. He said, “＿＿＿＿＿ a long way to school. ＿＿＿＿＿ a long way to go yet before we arrived.” A.It is ； There is B.There is ； It is C.It is ； It is D.There is； There is 17. ＿＿＿＿＿＿ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A.If it is not B.Where it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not 18. She finds ＿＿＿＿＿＿ boring ＿＿＿＿＿＿ at home. A.it； staying B.that； being stayed C.this； to stay D.it； stayed 19. —— Few children are as bright as he is, and also, he works very hard. —— It’s no ＿＿＿＿＿ that he always gets the first place in any examination. A.question B.doubt C.problem D.wonder 20. Now then, children. It’s high time you ＿＿＿＿＿＿ and dressed. A.washed B.should wash C.were washed D.are washed 21. —— Why did he let you repeat his instruction time and time again? —— ＿＿＿＿＿＿that I remember what was＿＿＿＿＿after he went out. A.To see to it；to be done B.Making sure； to be done C.To make sure；to do D.Seeing to； done 22. ＿＿＿the people have become the master of their own country＿＿＿science can really serve the people. A.It is only then； that B.It was that； when C.It is only when； that D.It was when； then 23. ＿＿＿＿＿ is no difference between A and B. A.There B.Where C.It D.What 24. How long ＿＿＿＿＿ to finish your composition? A.will it take you B.will take you C.you will take it D.you will take 25. ＿＿＿＿＿is just like him to want to do something different from everybody else. A.It B.There C.He D.Who 26. That young Swedish＿＿＿＿＿quite still, except that his lips moved slightly. A.kept B.grew C.got D.stood 27. In late autumn leaves ＿＿＿＿＿ brown. A.get B.turn C.stand D.come 28. Little Jim’s speech sounds ＿＿＿＿＿. A.friendly B.wonderfully C.pleasantly D.nicely 29. The poor boy ＿＿＿＿＿ blind at the age of three. A.turned B.went C.became D.looked 30. As a child, Franc ＿＿＿＿＿. A.was alive B.grew patience C.ran wild D.came true |
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