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英语学习材料 宾语从句 一、概述：由一个从句在句子中做宾语，这个句子就叫宾语从句。 二、句式结构：主句 + 连接词 + 从句 三、、宾语从句的连接词 1、that 由that 引导的宾语从句，说明该从句是一个陈述句，that 只有语法上的作用，没有实际意义，可以省略。如： He knew (that)he should study hard . I am sure (that) he can reach the apples on the tree. # 需注意的问题：当主句谓语动词为think 时， 从句若要表否定，则须转移到主句，从句用肯定形式，如： I don't think (that) he can finish the work .我认为 他 不能完成 这项工作。 2、连接代词who ,whom, what , which, whose 和连接副词when （什么时候）, where, why , how等引导的宾语从句，说明该从句是一个特殊疑问句。如： eg. He asked who the girl was looking for. I don't know whose book this is . Could you tell me how I can get to the bus station ? #注意：在以疑问副词和疑问代词为连接词的宾语从句中，要特别注意从句的语序：保持陈述句的语序，即：主语+谓语+宾语。 如：Please tell me which floor does he live on ? （错）→Please tell me which floor he lives on . 3、由if 或whether 引导的宾语从句，说明该从句是一个一般疑问句，意为：“是否”。 如：Tom wanted to know if / whether you would go. #注意：与or ，动词不定式连用，或引导的宾语从句置于句首时，用whether ,不用if 。如： I don't know whether to go there and whether I should write to them or not . 四、宾语从句的时态问题 1、主句（一般现在或将来时态）+连接词+从句（根据自身情况,选用任何时态）。 2、当从句表示客观真理或客观事实时，无论主句用什么时态，从句只用一般现在时态。如：The teacher told us that the earth is round yesterday. 3、主句(一般过去时态) +连接词 +丛句(根据自身需要,选用过去的某一种时态)。 五、宾语从句的简化问题：原主句 +原连接词 +动词不定式 如：I don't know where they will go . → I don't know where to go . 六、以 if、when 作为连接词的从句的身份待定问题以及引发的时态确定。
练习 一、按要求进行句型转换 1、He hasn't bought any presents yet. He said. (合并成一句） He said that he ________ ________ any presents yet. 2、Which floor does he live on ? Do you know ?(合并成一句） Do you know which floor _______ _______ _______? 3、What did you see ? Can you tell me ? (合并成一句） Can you tell me what _____ _______? 4、I found it very interesting . (改为复合句） I found that _____ _______ very interesting . 5、We wanted to know what time you left yesterday. (改为简单句） We wanted to know what time ________ _________ yesterday. 二、选择 1、Can you tell me ____yesterday ? A. what they do B. what did they do C. what they did 2、Tell me _____. A. what's wrong with you B. what wrong is with you C. what wrong with you 3、Lily says ____she prefers meat. A. that B. whether C. what 4、Tom wanted to know ___he could get to the office. A. where B. how C. which way 5、I can't which _____. A. to buy one B. one to buy C. I to buy one 6、The bus was late . That's _____I came late . A. why B. because C. when 7、The old man asked me _____. A where was the toilet B. where the toilet was C. what the toilet was 8、She asked ____they had a cotton one. A. that B. weather C. whether 9、Can you tell me ______? A. which floor he lives B. which floor does he lives on C. which floor he lives on 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1、Could you tell me when the shop ________(open ) every day ? 2、Please go and see what ___________(happen ) in the next door . 3、I heard that they _________(leave ) for Nanjing last morning. 4、The teacher told his class that the earth __________(travel ) round the sun. 5、I don't know if he ___________(come ), if he _______(come) ,I ________(tell ) him about this tomorrow. 6、He told me his father _________(read ) the newspaper this time yesterday. |
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