宾语从句是历年中考必考语法点,中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在三点:1. 连词的选择;2. 语序 3. 时态。要想学好宾语从句,先来了解宾语从句概念。 一.宾语从句的含义 在主句中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。 如:She knew that the teacher had seen the film.粗体划线部分做knew 的宾语,同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句,它就叫做宾语从句。that就是连词,称之为连接词。 二.宾语从句的三大类型 1.动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。 如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。asked 是谓语动词,它之后的从句就叫做动词宾语从句。whose是连接词。 2.介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。 如:I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。with 介词,what连接词,其后的从句就是介词后宾语从句 3.形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。 如:I am afraid that I will be late.恐怕我要迟到了。afraid 形容词,that连接词,其后从句就是形容词后面的宾语从句。 以上是辅助我们来连接宾语从句的概念和类型的例子。接下来,我们来看重点一,连词的选择。连词也叫引导词。 重点一,引导宾语从句的连接词 1.that:没有含义,在宾语从句中不做成分,一般可省略。 2.whether/if:表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分,但有实际意义。 I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后,他是否还住在这里。 3.连接代词:what, which, who, whom,whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)连接副词:where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语) The small children don't know what is in their stockings.(what 在宾语从句中做主语) Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why 在宾语从句中做原因状语) 重点二,宾语从句的时态 ①当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。根据句意选择相应时态。 I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。 ②当主句是过去时态时,宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。 She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。 ③当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时,任何时候都用一般现在时。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说过地球绕着太阳转。 重点三,宾语从句语序 英语中任何从句都使用陈述句语序,宾语从句同样也是。 例如,He couldn't tell me where his home was. 因为是宾语从句,后面那句where his home was.用了陈述语序。如果单独拿出来,不是宾语从句,那就变成了疑问句where was his home?又比如,I don't know what I should do. 因为是宾语从句,采用陈述句语序,所以是“what I should do”, 如果变为正常疑问句语序的话应该是what should I do? 宾语从句这三个重点你理解了吗?如果有不理解或者是疑问,需要补充的,请留言哦! |
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