引言
图1 人体颈椎寰椎与枢椎结构 素描 刘志恒 博士提供
枕颈分离之临床特征[2]
图2 评估枕颈交界之常用指标示意图:a.BDI与BAI示意图,共同构成Harris线;BDI异常标准:成人>10mm,儿童>12mm;BAI异常标准:前移位≥12mm,后移位≥4mm;b. Power比率:颅底-寰椎后弓间距BC/颅后点-寰椎前弓间距OA,异常标准为>1;c.枕骨髁-寰椎间距为枕骨髁与寰椎上关节面之间距 枕颈融合与吞咽困难:临床影像
图3 A为术前颈椎侧位片;B为术后平片
图4 左图:钡餐透视示吞咽困难,咽喉部滞留;右图:翻修调整后,吞咽无滞
枕颈序列与口咽部之空间
图5 颈椎侧位之五位片:中立位(A,F),前屈(B,G),后仰(C,H),前伸(D,I)和后缩(E,J)
图6 评估指标:O-C2角——McGregor腭枕线与C2远端终板连线之夹角;C2-C6角为C2与C6下缘下缘终板线之夹角;nPAS:后咽壁与舌后之最窄前后距
枕颈融合之疗效评价
结语
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声 明 本资讯基于国内外最新循证医学研究,旨在饶益大众、学术传播,非医疗实践之唯一准则;本资讯内容不应用作医疗纠纷判定的依据;本资讯所涉及内容不承担任何依据本资讯制定及履行过程中所产生任何损失的赔偿责任。 |
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