Saturday 状语从句 接着上周的内容,继续学习其余的状语从句类型。
最常见的引导原因状语从句的连接词是because,除此之外还有for,as,since可以引导原因状语从句,他们之间用法和含义有所区别。 先看最常用的because,这个连词的语气是四个中最强的,只有用它来回答why的疑问句,也只有because才能被强调词only,just等修饰。 1. Perhaps because most of today’s cross-cultural marriages occur because of true love, there couples work hard to overcome their differences. (可能因为现在的大多数跨国婚姻都是基于真爱,所以夫妇俩都很努力地克服双方的差异。) 如果说because语气很强,强到其引导的状语从句都显得比主句都重要了。那么,since则相对弱很多,表达人们已知的事实,不需要强调的原因,通常我们翻译成“既然”,放在句首,例如: 2. Since we don’t have class tomorrow, why not go out for a picnic? (既然我们明天没有课,那么为什么不出去野餐呢?) 另一个连接词as用法基本和since相当,所引出来的理由在说话人看来是很明显的。例如: 3. As there isn’t much time left, we might as well call it a day. (既然时间所剩无几,我们不妨就此结束好了。) 这个句子中,as引导的从句修饰动词might call。从句子意思看,“我们”不妨结束的理由是很明显的——时间不多了,所以连接词语气比较弱,不需要强调。再如: 4. As Monday is a national holiday, all government offices will be closed. (由于周一是法定假日,所有的政府机关都将休息。) 最后一个是“for”,当for表示推断时候,是对前面内容的解释和说明,例如: It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning. (昨天下雨了,因为今天早上地是湿的。)
我们常用so...that和such...that来引导结果状语从句。需要特别注意的是结果状语从句一般放到主句之后,不能提到句首。具体地我们分为两个部分来看。
大多数状语从句是用so...that来引导,这里so的后面接形容词或者副词。 5. He looked so sincere that no one doubted his story. (他看起来是那么诚恳,所以没有人怀疑他说的话。) 这个状语从句修饰形容词sincere造成的后果,用so...that引导。
Such..that引导结果状语从句,此时such后面需要用名词。 6.1. She is such a good teacher that everyone likes her. 6.2. She is so good a teacher that everyone likes her. (她是一个好老师,所有人都喜欢她。) 同是结果状语从句,不同的连接词,后面跟的词不一样,需注意冠词a牢牢地跟在such后面。
我们前文提到过结果状语从句必须放到句子后面,但是为了强调,我们是可以把主句中的so和such引导的部分提前放在句首,从而构成倒装句。 7. So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. (光的传播速度是如此的快,以至于我们无法想象它的速度。) 例句7的正常语序是这样的: 7.1. Light travel so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
目的状语从句的连接词有so that、in order that、that,另外,在从句中常含有情态动词,如may/might等。 8.The carved the words on the stone so that/in order that the future generation should remember what they had done. (他们在石头上刻字,以便后人记住他们做过的事情。) 9.1. I turned off the TV in order that my roommate could study in peace and quiet. 9.2. In order that my roommate could study in peace and quiet, I turned off the TV. (为了让我室友有个安静的学习环境,我关掉了电视。) 如句子9.1和9.2,目的状语一般位于主句之后,如果为了强调目的,可以将目的状语提前,放到句首。
我们又KO三种状语从句句型, 明天重点梳理让步状语从句。 一周一点,语法不难,明天再见。
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