大家在学习英语中“定语从句的时候是不是会经常遇到,题目有时候看似容易,但解题陷阱很多的,导致学习此类知识点容易产生困惑,停滞不前,以致最后在考试中丢分。 所以我们今天就针对定语从句陷阱题,给大家来讲解一下遇到这类题目我们该用什么样的解题思路和解题套路解决。 本篇内容由轻轻特约老师江老师倾情整理 1、明确词性与句子成分的对应关系。 2、掌握基本简单句句型结构。 3、能够分析定语从句的主干成分。 4、了解各类型定语从句,并掌握关系代词,关系副词基本用法。 5、熟悉定语从句解题步骤。 6、对比复习其他从句。 以上六点是搞清楚定语从句的基本,同时也是容易混淆难懂的点,大家在学习的过程要重点注意。接下来我给大家举几个常见的“陷阱”例题,通过分析对比,深入认识定语从句 ,感受体会一下解题方法和思路。 常见陷阱一:定语从句与倒装句结合 The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were
应对解题方法: 先行词是a secret place, 表地点,分析定语从句主干,判断是倒装句,句子主语是high mountains , 系表结构作谓语,注意主谓一致,定语从句是介词加关系代词引导的类型,答案C 常见陷阱二:定语从句与强调句的结合 ---How did you know Jane? ---It was on the Internet___ I chatted with new friends. A. where B. which C. that D. whom 应对解题方法: 这个题目容易错选C,错误类型是答非所问。这是一个对话题,有上下文语境,重复语义部分可以省略,答句就是强调句的后半部分省略了, 要填空位置是定语从句,考虑句意合理性,正确判断后能得到答案A, 常见陷阱三:定语从句中的语境考察 A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that B. which C. where D. what
应对解题方法: 该题容易错填B, 分析句意看语境,我们知道 a shop around指的是周围的商店,around不是定语从句的成分,空格开始才是定语从句,分析定语从句主干成分发现,主谓宾完整,要填关系副词,看先行词shop知道答案是C 常见陷阱四:区分定语从句与同位语从句 1.We all know the good news______President Obama will visit out school next month. 2.We all know the good news_______ he gave us at the conference. A which B that C in which D whose 应对解题方法: 例1,2都选B, 但两句中that从句完全不同类。例1从句是补充说明解释news的内容,是同位语从句。例2从句是修饰限定先行词news,是定语从句。同位语从句中的that不能省略,它没有实际意义,在从句中不做任何成分,只是起到连接作用;而定语从句中that有意义,是关系代词,代替先行词的内容,在从句中做gave的宾语,也可以省略。
3.Despite the fact ____ they lacked food, the explorers continued towards the cave. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 4.He's got himself into a dangerous situation _________he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 应对解题方法: 例3根据句意从句在补充说明fact内容,判断是同位语从句,分析从句不缺成分,含义完整,填B, 例4 根据句意,从句对situation加以修饰限定,是定语从句,分析主干,不缺主宾,填关系副词,看先行词,选A. 常见陷阱五:区别定语从句与结果状语从句 1. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 2. It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D. as
应对解题方法: 例1中,空格后的从句,句子主干很完整,所以这题是so....that...结果状语从句,答案A 例2中,从句主干分析,少了宾语,是定语从句,填关系代词,看先行词内容,由于先行词被such 修饰,答案D 常见陷阱六:区别定语从句与独立主格结构 1.They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work. 2.They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 3. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking. 4. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were seated together joking. 5. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whoseC. which D. that
应对解题方法: 例1和例2区别在于,从句谓语是否完整,例1谓语不完整,无法成句,可以构成独立主格结构,那是一个短语作状语,例1答案是B,例2谓语完整,缺少部分主语,要关系代词,看先行词以后,选A 。 例3,4,5 的区别也是从句谓语部分,分析句子后,只有例4谓语完整,例4是定语从句,从句主语不完整,要关系代词,看先行词,选B, 例3,5 均是独立主格结构,都是短语作状语。都选A. 其实不难发现,一个看似易混淆的定语从句,在我们对比思考之后,会变得非常清晰简单,也只有这样典型对比复习,才能够轻松搞定它,建议大家把这几个例题多看几次,多做相关的练习,解题思路自然而然就有了。 高中英语江老师(20年教龄) 从事高中英语教学20年,认真仔细,注重精讲多练,启发式教学,熟悉上海高考英语教材与考试,对高考题型解题技巧指导有自己心得,擅长高考英语语法和作文指导,能针对孩子薄弱环节制定个性化辅导方案,随和,耐心,有成效,能与学生和家长进行良好有效沟通。 教学案例: 杨同学,高考英语136,考入上海交通大学我接手杨同学时他的英语成绩不稳定,问题是语法不扎实,考试心理状态调整不好,通过针对性的语法查漏补缺,他对很多语法细节知识点有了更好的掌握,对于语法解题技巧更加熟练,考试发挥更稳定了,考试自信更强,终于在高考时充分发挥出自己应有水平,考入理想大学。 |
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