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谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点 1、常见动词错误类型 ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用； ②and前后动词时态不一致； ③主谓不一致； ④缺少动词,特别是be动词； ⑤第三人称单数形式错用； ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 例如： a. A number of students is going to learn a foreign language. (is → are) b. He go to school by bike every day. (go→ goes） c. My favourite sport is football. I was a member of our school football team. Now my picture and prize were hanging in the library. (were → are) d. New bicycles must keep inside. (keep→ be kept) a句中a number of +复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词用复数形式。 b句中He是第三人称单数，在一般现在时态中谓语动词go应该加es。 c句中属于时态错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。 d句中法结构未能正确使用英语中的被动式。学生还会犯一些其它方面的错误，其中之一是常常把英语里没有被动语态的词（组） 如take place、occur、happen、belong to、appear、break out、rise、die等用于被动语态。 2、名词的常见错误 单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。 例如： …so that I'll get good marks in all my subject. (subject → subjects) 3、连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系： who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误)，以及冠词的用法错误等。 例如： a. She was smiling but nodding at me. (but → and) b. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. (and → or ) c. We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a → the) 4、冠词错误 冠词考查分两个方面，一是冠词的残缺或多余，考生要注意加冠词与不加冠词的区别。 如：in charge of与in the charge of，out of question与out of the question的区别。 二是不定冠词和定冠词之间的相互误用。 英汉名词确有许多共同点，但是也有不少不同点。英语名词有可数与不可数之分，汉语里没有，且一般情况下，名词都可受到数量词的限制。因此，在英语写作中，一旦涉及到advice，news，progress，weather，information等少数常用不可数名词时，学生往往会犯错误。 注意：少数不可数名词在被形容词等修饰后，可用a/an等来修饰。如time（时间）,rain（雨）。 所以我们可以说：We had a wonderful time yesterday. 例如： a. The driver brought the car to ∧ stop. In this way, he avoided an accident. (a) b. When ∧ sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish. (the) 5、形容词和副词错误 系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel)；词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。 例如： a. I'm sure we'll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderfully → wonderful) b. Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunate → Unfortunately) 注意：形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。a句中的wonderful作定语修饰time，b句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。 6、代词错误 代词主要有人称代词、物主代词、关系代词、反身代词、疑问代词、指示代词。 要注意代词的主格和宾格 (I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us;they/them)的误用; 反身代代词 (myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves） 的误用; 代词的各人称之间和单复数之间的误用，关系代词which，that之间的误用，关系代词that与疑问代词what之间的误用，关系代词which与关系副词when，where以及what与how的误用等。 例如： a. We do not like he. （he → him） b. If you like this books, you can take them away. (this → these) c. His book is different from me. (me → mine) d. The population of China is larger than those of Japan. (those → that) 7、非谓语动词的常见错误 不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 例如： a .…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interesting → interested) b. Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (play → playing) c. My parents love me … and will do all they can ∧ make sure … (to) 上述b、c两个句子分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。    |
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