高考英语短文改错满分突破

短文改错这个小题是不少同学恐惧的题型，觉得题不难，也能差不多读懂，就是改不出来。纵观历年真题，短文改错题的考点基本上是比较固定且有规律可循的，今天库哥给小伙伴们整理了短文改错的十大常考题型，并设计了分类训练，希望大家克服恐惧，突破满分！

• 第一谈： 动词错误

动词在考试中占有很大比重。常见的错误类型有：① 时态错用;② 主谓不一致;③ 句中有多个动词时，缺少非谓语动词;④ 缺少谓语动词，尤其是缺少系动词be;⑤ 主动、被动语态错用;⑥ 某些词后要求接动名词或不定式;⑦ 介词后没用动词-ing。

真题示例

• 1. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. 2019全国1卷
• 2. They would say to me that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games with them sometimes. 2018 全国Ⅱ卷

公布答案：

1.say → saying

2. unwilling前加was

分类训练

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

• 1. She wants you call her back as soon as you are home.
• 2. My parents allow me to choose between staying at home and take a trip.
• 3. When I was a child, my family live in Beijing.
• 4. I’m looking forward to visit the art gallery next week.
• 5. She will tell you her journey when she get a chance to.
• 6. Neither he nor I is any the wiser as to the real cause of the accident.
• 7. This will be a good opportunity exchange experience.
• 8. I have a new roommate name Louis.
• 9. What suprised us most there were the beauty of the scenes.
• 10. The goods she has bought for herself was mostly from the hotel.
• 11. The English evening has put off till Saturday.
• 12. There was all sorts of unacceptable behaviour, some of which were so serious that they could have ended up in court.

公布答案：

1.call前加to

2. take → taking

3. live → lived

4. visit → visiting

5. get → gets

6. is → am(就近原则)

7. exchange前加to

8. name → named

9. were → was

10. was → were

11. put前加been

12. was → were

• 第二谈：形容词、副词

常见错误类型有：① 形容词和副词的错用;② 比较级，最高级的错用或修辞语的错用;③ 以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词的错用。

真题示例

1. I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. 2019 全国卷 Ⅰ

2. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. 2019 全国卷 Ⅱ

公布答案：

1.interesting → interested

2. coolly → cool

分类训练

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easily road.

2. He is much concerned about others than about himself.

3. She is the more active member in our group.

4. I’m better at science than my sister, but worst than my brother.

5. It is really amazed that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school.

公布答案：

1.easily → easy(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)

2. much → more或much后加more

3. more → most

4. worst → worse

5. amazed → amazing

• 第三谈：连词错误

常见错误类型有：① 并列连词and / or / but等错用;② 从属连词错用，特别是状语从句中的连词。

真题示例

One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 2019 全国卷 Ⅰ

公布答案：where → when

分类训练

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. Bring these flowers into a warm room or they will open soon.

2. My father is lively and energetic, and he is not very patient.

3. We couldn’t send the children to school so life was very hard in those days.

4. I was just reading a book while she came into my room.

5. The robber shouted to stop crying and he would shoot.

6. She was such moved that tears came to her eyes.

7. I haven’t visited my teacher after I graduated.

8. I don’t know which he is, but he was here a minute ago.

公布答案：

1.or → and

2. 第二个and →but

3. so → as / because

4. while → when

5.and →or

6. such →so

7. after →since

8. which →wher

• 第四谈：代词错误

常见错误类型有：①人称代词、物主代词和反身代词与其所指代的人或物不一致;② 定语从句中关系代词的错用;③ 不定代词的错用;④ 多代词或少代词。

真题示例

In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them. 2019 全国卷 III

分类训练

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. My parents were all very tired, but neither of them would stop to take a rest.

2. The Bai ethnic group has a population of around two million, 90% of who live in Yunnan.

3. Newspapers reach me on the day after it are published.

4. Once you’ve bought a physical book, you own it: she can lend it to people, donate it, and, well, it’s yours.

5. I don't like this hat. Show me other.

6. We can’t decide something now.

7. Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret sooner or later.

8. That is one of the most interesting books which are sold in the bookshop.

9. The treatment, that is being tried by researchers, has helped a large number of patients.

公布答案：

真题：yourselves → themselves

分类训练：

1.all → both

2. who → whom

3. it → they

4. she → you

5. other → another

6.something → anything

7. regret后加it

8.which → that

9. that → which

• 第五谈：名词错误

常见错误类型有：① 可数名词的单复数错用;② 可数名词与不可数名词错用。

真题示例

1. Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do. 2019 全国卷 Ⅱ

2. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. 2018 全国卷 Ⅰ

分类训练：

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. I read an interesting piece of informations in the newspaper.

2. A people without the knowledges of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.

3. We’re having fried chickens for dinner.

4. In the end, we took many group photoes.

5. All our belonging were put on the backs of elephants, and the heaviest item was a piano.

公布答案

真题示例

1. job → jobs 2. chicken → chickens

分类训练：

1.informations → information

2. knowledges → knowledge

3. chickens → chicken

4.photoes → photos

5. belonging → belongings

• 第六谈：冠词错误

常见错误类型有：

① a、an和the的错用

② 多冠词或少冠词。

真题示例

Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style. 2019 全国卷 Ⅲ

分类训练

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. It will take about a hour to get there.

2. At end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.

3. This is a house where Lu Xun once lived.

4. He walked to other side of the street.

5. The Great Wall of China is longest man-made structure ever built.

6. I used to play the basketball in the gym.

7. The people of world love peace.

8. All of them wanted to be first to get a close look at the famous painting.

公布答案

真题示例：an → a

分类训练：

1. a → an

2. At后加the

3. a → the

4. other前加the

5. longest前加the

6. 去掉第一个the

7. world前加the

8. first前加the

• 第七谈：介词错误

常见错误类型有：

① 介词错用

② 多介词或少介词。

真题示例

A few minutes later, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road. 2017 全国卷 Ⅰ

分类训练

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. He inspires me to major on English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.

2. Be careful and look both sides before you go through the street.

3. What other courses do you take beside English?

4. She spends as much as $2,000 clothes every month.

5. The Silk Road was an ancient trade route among East and West, which passed through Dunhuang.

6. He didn’t give an adequate answer of the question.

公布答案：

真题示例on → of

分类训练：

1. on → in

2. through → across

3. beside → besides

4.clothes前加on

5. among → between

6. of → to

• 第八谈：固定结构错误

真题示例

From now on, I started to play football with classmates after school. I am a good player now. 2019 全国卷 Ⅰ

分类训练

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. Turn on the lights when we are leaving the room.

2. To be honestly, I don’t think I was helping very much.

3. Her life was so full to find time for hobbies.

4. Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as larger as that of theirs.

5. She picked out Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely.

公布答案：

真题示例：now → then

分类训练：

1.on → off

2. honestly → honest

3. so → too

4. larger → large

5. out → up

• 第九谈：数词错误

常见错误类型是：基数词和序数词的错用。

真题示例

Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher. 2019 全国卷 Ⅱ

分类训练：

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. The city has a population of four millions.

2. We will attend a meeting to celebrate the sixty birthday of the P.R. China.

3. Thousand and hundreds of people come to visit the city every day.

4. This region was settled by the Dutch in the nineteen century.

公布答案：

真题示例five → fifth

分类训练：

1.millions → million

2. sixty → sixtieth

3. Thousand → Thousands

4.nineteen → nineteenth

• 第十谈：词性变换

词性变换考查比较少。常见错误类型有：① 以-ce结尾的名词，变成以-t结尾的形容词，比如：different → difference;② 单词后+y，发生词性变换，比如：taste→tasty, honest→ honesty。

真题示例

I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums. 2017 全国卷 Ⅲ

分类训练：

每句中只有一处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

1. Honest is a vital element of her success.

2. Before birth, babies can tell the different between loud sounds and voices.

公布答案：

真题示例：difference → different

分类训练：

1. Honest → Honesty

2. different → difference

短文改错技巧总结：

动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾。

注意四不改:

①标点符号不改。

②大小写不改。

③词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改)。

④在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错。

库哥推荐训练：

1.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.

2. After class we become stranger at once.

3. They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get marks in all my subject.

4. On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.

5. There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.

6. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.

7. I looked at his other hands.

8.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.

9.I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei.

10.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited.

11.Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English .

12.One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher .

13.Some students may also save up for our college or future use .

14.I took it in me and we walked.

15.We do not seem to get much time to talk about together.

16.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.

17.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.

18.We’ll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.

19.I am writing to thank you with your kind help.

20.He was looking for a glass the cupboard.

21.Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life.

22.They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that---

23.The time passes quickly. Evening came.

24.She liked it very much and reads it to the class.

25.I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me.Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.

26.I will write again and send you the photos we take together.

27.We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.

28. She is smiling at me but nodding at me.

29.It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.

30.The food was expensive and the service was good.

31.I came into the living room and saw one of them jus tgo through the kitchen door but turn on the light.

32.We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.

33.She liked it very much and reads it to the class.

34.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.

35.I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me.

36.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.

37.What things are in other homes, I wonder.

38.Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as if they please.

39.They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.

40.As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.

41.We may be one family and live under a same roof, but---

42.On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to doover a weekend.

43.I hope you’ve had pleasant journey home

44.I would describe myself as shy and quietly.

45.There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.

46.Finding information on the Net is easily.

47.So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.

48.My pronunciation was terribly .

49.They came back lately and had some tea.

50.Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please.

51.My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.

52.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.

53.We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.

54.Some students may also to save up for our college or future use.

答案公布：

• 1（schoolmate改为schoolmates）
• 2（stranger改为strangers）
• 3（subject改为subjects）
• 4（picture改为pictures）
• 5（advantage改为advantages）
• 6（ideas改为idea）
• 7（hands改为hand）
• 8(his改为their)
• 9( who’s改为whose)
• 10（them改为us）
• 11（me改为myself）
• 12（showed后加it）
• 13（our改为their）
• 14（me改为mine）
• 15去掉about）
• 16（去掉at）
• 17（去掉was后的in）
• 18（with改为about）
• 19（with改为for）
• 20（glass后加in）
• 21（each后加of）
• 22（did改为do）
• 23（passes改为passed）
• 24（reads改为read）
• 25（talked改为talk）
• 26（take改为took）
• 27（have改为had）
• 28（but改为and）
• 29（and改为or）
• 30（and改为but）
• 31（but改为and）
• 32（visiting改为visited）
• 33（reads改为read）
• 34（noon后加when）
• 35（that改为why）
• 36（去掉that前的in）
• 37（What改为How）
• 38（去掉if）
• 39（去掉that）
• 40（famous前加a）
• 41（a改为the）
• 42（a改为the）
• 43（had后加a）
• 44（quietly改为quiet）
• 45（person改为personal）
• 46（easily改为easy）
• 47（as改为than）
• 48（terribly改为terrible）
• 49（lately改为late）
• 50（allow改为allows）
• 51（make前加to）
• 52（talk改为talking）
• 53（visiting改为visited）
• 54（去掉to）

真题训练