在怀孕女性中发现了一系列群落类型,其中一些在妊娠期表现群落结构稳定,而在其他一些群体中,群落类型则发生波动。当波动发生时,它们通常涉及从一个以乳酸菌为主的群落到另一个以不同乳酸菌为主的群落。在整个妊娠期,以乳酸菌为主的群落类型通常比不以乳酸菌为主的群落更稳定。阴道菌群类型不以乳酸菌为主,但以各种厌氧菌为主的女性,早产的风险较大。分娩后,大多数女性的阴道菌群发生了显著变化,呈现出多样性增加。一般来说,乳酸杆菌的丰度降低,而厌氧菌的丰度增加,尤其是消化道嗜血杆菌、普氏菌和厌氧球菌。无论婴儿是通过阴道分娩还是通过剖宫产,产后阴道菌群都会发生这种变化。
女性生殖系统菌群系列:
【女性生殖系统菌群之一】女性生殖系统结构、生理与内环境
【女性生殖系统菌群之二】生殖系统菌群受年龄和系统生理学变化的影响
【女性生殖系统菌群之二】女性性成熟时期生殖系统菌群
【女性生殖系统菌群之二】阴道菌群群落状态及类型
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