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英语学习材料 主谓一致 知识要点分析：英语句子由主语谓语组成，谓语动词在人称和数上要跟主语保持一致。初中英语中出现的比较特殊的情况有以下方面。 1、两个或两个以上做主语用的单数名词或代词用and 连接时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Lily and Lucy are twins. 但是，下面情况有些不同： （1）、当and 连接的两个单数名词或代词指同一个或物，或者是表示同一概念的成对的名词时，谓语动词则用单数。例如： The poet and writer is coming along .Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain. (2)、由and 连接的并列单数主语前分别有every , each 或no 修饰时，谓语动词要用单数，如：No man and no woman is allowed to go in . 2、表述“时间”、“金钱”、“距离”等概念的名词做主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如： Five minutes has passed. 3、两个做主语的名词或代词由either…..or…. , neither…..nor …., not noly ……but also ……或or 连接时，谓语动词通常和最靠近的主语一致。如：Either you or your borther has been there. 4、两个作主语用的名词或代词由with 或together with , like , except 等连接时，谓语动词一般和前面的名词或代词的人称和数一致。如： A woman with some flowers is coming to you . 5、There be , Here be 句型中动词的数必须与后置的主语保持一致。当be后面的主语有两个或两个以上的并列成分时，be动词往往与最邻近的一个部分一致。如： There are two books and a dictionary on the desk. . 6、class, family , team ,group等集合名词做主语，若被理解为一个整体，则谓语动词用单数，若被理解为集体中的一个个成员，则谓语动词用复数。如：His family is a big one . His family are watching TV in the sitting room. 7、people , the police等貌似单数的集合名词做主语时，谓语动词要用复数。如：There are many people in the park on Sundays. 8、trousers, shoes , glasses，stocking等作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。但当他们与a pair of 或pairs of 连用时，谓语动词往往与pair 的数一致。如： His new shoes are under the bed. The pair of shoes is worn out . 9、most of , half of , some of , part of , a lot of , plenty of 或分数+of 后接名词做主语时，谓语动词与of 后面的名词或代词保持数的一致。 Most of the people don’t believe it . Most of the apple is bad . 10、news, maths , physics等貌似复数的名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Maths is more difficult than English. 11、each, neither, either , another , every 等词作主语或做定语修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Each student has a book. 12、sheep , Chinese, Japanese单复数同行词作主语时，谓语根据具体情况决定用单数或复数。 13、复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。（但none做主语时，谓语动词可以用单数，也可以用复数。） 14、one of +复数名持或代词做主语时，谓语用单数形式。 15、主语为The number of /This kind of 时，谓语动词用单数形式。 16、不定式、动名词、从句或特殊疑问词做句子时，谓语动词用单数。 练习1、用适当的谓语动词填空。 1、Grass _____(be) always green in the south.. 2. Not only you but also I ______(be) wrong. 3. The football team _____(be) having bath(洗澡)now. 4. Maths _____(be) the language of science. 5. Neither of the sentences ______（be）correct. 6. Nothing in the world _____(be) difficult for one who is careful . 7. Ten thousand pounds ____(be) a lot of money. 8. What _____(be) two and two? 9. None of us ______(have) got a camera. 10. There _______(be) some pens and a pencil in my bag . 11. Reading in bed _____(be) bad for your eyes. 12. The number of the students ________six hundred in that school . 13. One of the books _______(be ) mine. 14. There ______(be) some milk in the glass. 练习2、选择填空 1. Nobody but Jane ___the secret. A. knows B. know C. is known 2. Three fourths of the surface of the earth _____sea. A.is B. are C. were 3. All but one ___here just now . A. is B. was C. were 4. You and I ____of the same age. A. am B. are C. is 5. Neither of the girls __got their test papers. A. have B. has C.. are 6. Nothing in the world ____if you make up your mind to do it . .A . are difficult B. is difficulty C. is difficult . 7. He or I _____right . A. are B. is C. am 8. No news _____good news. A. am B. is C. are 9. Mr Wang , together with his wife and daughter , ____to visit us tonight. A. are going B. is going C. will 10. Writing many letters ___her happy. A.make B.makes C..is making 11. The police ______over there. A. am B. is C. are 12. Everyone in the class ___vey happy. A. am B. is C. are 13. Both of them ___much time . A. have B. has C. having 14. His family ___going to have a long journey .A. has B. have C. is D. are 15. Tom is a teacher . ______. A. So do I B. So am I C. So I am 16. Here ____the bus. A.. come B. comes C. is coming 17. Half of the money _____mine. A. am B. is .C.are 19. Every table and every chair ____made of wood. is B. are C. were 20. My clothes _____made of cotton . A. is B. are C. were 21. Something ____wrong with my TV set. A..was B. were C. are |
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