【往期回顾】 接下来,我们就来看看第123课的“每课一句”。 一、课文原文Lesson 123 A trip to Australia Look, Scott. This is a photograph I took during my trip to Australia. Let me see it, Mike. This is a good photograph. Who are these people? They’re people I met during the trip. That’s the ship we travelled on. What a beautiful ship! Who’s this? That’s the man I told you about. Remember? Ah yes. The one who offered you a job in Australia. That’s right. Who’s this? Guess! It’s not you, is it? That’s right. I grew a beard during the trip, but I shaved it off when I came home. Why did you shave it off? My wife didn’t like it! ——选自《新概念英语》第一册,外语教学与研究出版社,1997年10月第1版 二、每课一句This is a photograph I took during my trip to Australia.本课继续学习定语从句的用法,本课侧重的是关系代词的省略用法。 关于定语从句的基本用法,大家可以先参看之前我在第121-122课里的分享: 每课一句:新概念英语第1册第121课关于关系代词的省略,首先要注意其省略的前提条件是:
比如上句中的先行词为a photograph,其后的定语从句为I took during my trip to Australia。先行词a photograph就在从句中用作took的宾语,所以原本photograph后面应该有个关系代词which或that的,但在此被省略了。 本课中同样的用法的句子还有:
以上三句话中定语从句的关系代词都被省略了,就是因为先行词都在从句中作宾语,其完整原形应该是:
【注意】 如果先行词在定语从句中作宾语,但如果先行词是作介词的宾语,且该介词被提到了句首开头时,关系代词是不能省略的。而且,要注意,who和that不能再直接跟在介词后面。比如:
三、更多拓展The one who offered you a job in Australia.注意这句话也使用了定语从句,但关系代词who却没有省略,为什么? 这是因为这句话的先行词the one在定语从句中用作offered前的主语。 但是,当先行词在定语从句中作主语时,是有可能把该从句改为分词短语结构的。比如上面这句话就可以改为:
该用法在双课第124课里提到了。比如:
其实,其完整原形原本是:
【注意】 当定语从句的谓语动词中含有情态动词或will/would/shall/should等助动词时,该从句就不能改为短语结构。如:
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